小学名词所有格讲义(教师经典整理版)(7页).doc

-小学名词所有格讲义(教师经典整理版)-第 7 页 名词的所有格 名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。名词所有格也称为属格、主格，它主要包括's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。一's 所有格的用法1. 表示有生命的东西的名词末尾加's。 例如：Jim's bed, the man's wife, children's toys, the fox's tail2. 以-es或-s结尾的名词末尾加"'"。 例如：the students' books, Teachers' Day, my boss' office, a girls' dormitory3. 有些表示时间、距离、度量衡、价值、自然现象、国家、城镇等无生命东西的名词，也可以加's构成所有格。 例如：today's newspaper， five minutes' walk， a ton's weight，4. 表示两者共同拥有的人或物（共有）时，只需要后一个名词加's（或'）即可。如果表示两者各自的所属关系（各自所有），则每个名词词尾都加上's（或'）。 如：Joan and Jane's room（房间属二人共同所有） Joan's and Jane's room（指Joan和Jane各自的房间） an hour and a halfs walk （步行一个半小时的路程）5. 's所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 （1）表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词，其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如： I met her at the doctor's（office）我在诊所遇见了她。 He has gone to the tailor's（shop）他到服装店去了。 She went to MrBlack's（house）yesterday她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。 （2） 名词所有格所修饰的词，如果前面已经提到过，往往可以省略，以免重复。例如： Whose pen is this？It's Tom's这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的。 The bike is not mine，but Wang Pinpin's这辆自行车不是我的，是王品品的。二of 所有格的用法- of所有格由of加名词构成，其用法归纳如下：1. of所有格一般用于无生命的东西的名词中。 例如：a map of the world, the story of a hero, the windows of the room2. 用于名词化的词。例如：the sticks of the blind 盲人的拐杖3. 修饰词较多时也可用of所有格。 例如： the very long and graceful tail of the black cat 黑猫的又长又美的尾巴4. 表示有生命的东西的名词，有时也可以用of所有格。 例如： the children of the family 那家的孩子们5. 某些of所有格和's所有格可以互换。the son of a poor peasanta poor peasant's son 一个贫农的儿子6. 起修饰作用的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不用s。例 room number，tooth brush三双重所有格及其用法's所有格和of所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起，构成"of所有格"形式，即双重的所有格。它通常表示部分观念，即全体中的一部分，在意义上与"one of"相似，它主要修饰of短语之前的那个名词。此外，双重所有格与指示代词连用时，常带有感情色彩，如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下：1. 名词of名词性物主代词。例如：a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友 an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历2. 名词of's所有格。例如：He is a friend of my sister's（one of my sister's friends） Look at that long nose of Jack's看杰克的那个长鼻子。（感情色彩）试比较：a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张（本人）的照片a picture of Xiao Zhang's 小张（具有的照片中）的一张照片1 不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词（some，any，many，no，few等）以及which等限定词，一般不与形容词性物主代词或's所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词，而采用of所有格或双重所有格形式。例如：most of the students 学生中的大多数three of them 他们中的三个人I have read some books of his我读过他的一些书Which book of Qiong Yao's have you read？你读过琼瑶的哪一本书？四 's所有格、of所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别请仔细比较下面三句话：1 She is Mary's brother's friend2 She is a friend of Mary's brother3 She is a friend of Mary's brother's1句用的是's所有格，侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系，突出friend一词。 2句用的是of所有格，侧重说明她和Mary的哥哥是朋友关系，强调突出了Mary's brother。 3句用的是双重所有格，侧重说明Mary哥哥的朋友不止是一个，她只是其中的一个。巩固练习：1.March 8th is _Day. (woman).2.Taking twenty _(分钟) exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells _(妇女) handbags. 4.Teachers in western countries have a _(三个月的) holiday in a year.5.Ill give my English teacher a card for _Day. (teacher)6.Its only ten _walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)7.Its an _(hour) ride from here to the museum.选择填空：1-Hows Joys skirt?-Her skirt is more beautiful than _.A.her sisters and Kate   B.her sister and Kate   C.her sister and Kates    D.her sisters and Kates2This is _ room. The twin sisters like it very much.A.Lucys and Lilys   B.Lucys and Lily    C.Lucy and Lilys3In _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees, too.A.few years      B.a few years  C.a few year     D.a few years                         4We will have a _holiday after the exam.A. two month     B. twomonth  C. two months    D. twomonths5Did you hear the _report?A. policemen    B. policemens   C. policemens    D. policemens6Its about _walk from my home.                         A. ten minute   B. ten minutes    C. ten minutes    D. ten minutes 7This is my dress. That one is _.A. Mary    B. Marys      C. sister     D. mother8Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk  B. 20 minutes walk  C. 20-minutes walk  D. 20-minute walk  9Where is _ sweater ? I cant see it.   A. Lucy    B. Lucys    C. Lucys         10_ mothers made them have piano lessons.A. Peter and Anne      B. Peters and Annes  C. Peters and Anne     D. Peter and Annes11The room on the right is _.A. her   B. she     C. Lucys    D. Lucy 12Well have a _ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?A. two days   B. two-day   C. two-days   D. two-days（两天的假期：two days holiday/two-day holiday）13The market isnt far from here. Its only _ bicycle ride.A. half an hours   B. half an hours   C. half an hour     D. an hour and a half14Wheres your father ? At _.A. Mr Greens   B. Mr. Green      C. the Mr. Greens15The twin brothers always put small presents in _stockings on Christmas Day.A. each others    B. each other    C. each others    D. each others16My father will have a _ holiday next month. Hell take me to Qingdao.A. ten days   B. ten days   C. ten-days       D. ten days17Where have you been these days? I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend _.A. in Chinese   B. of Japan   C. of Americans    D. from Canada18When we saw the film Hero, I sat between Ted and Ben. That is to say my seat was between _.A. Ted and Ben   B. Teds and Ben   C. Ted and Bens   D. Teds and Bens19It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide.A. three hundreds      B. three hundreds       C. three hundreds        D. three hundred20Kate won the _ race in the summer sports meeting. A. 100-metre   B. 100-metres   C. 100 metre     D. 100 metres (同12题)21Whose bike is it ? Its _.A. John    B. Johns     C. Johns     D. Johns22Ill give you _to finish the work. OK.A. two weeks time     B. two weeks time    C. two week time       D. two weeks time23_ desk is the cleanest in the classroom.A. Anns and Tom     B. Ann and Toms      C. Ann and Tom     D. Anns and Toms24My pen is black. _ is blue.A. Kates     B. Kate          C. Kates25Is this your room?  No, its _room.A. the children       B. the childrens   C. of the children     D. the childrens26Who is the man in the blue car?  He is _ father.A. Kates and Marys   B. Kate and Marys     C. Kate and Mary      D. of Kate and MaryAnswers:15 DCBBB      610 BBDCB       1115 CBBAA      1620 BDDDA      2126 BBBCBB 1.Womens 2. minutes 3. womens  4. three months  5. Teachers  6. minutes  7. hours