上海初中英语被动语态(7页).doc

-上海初中英语被动语态-第 7 页考情分析（20092013）考情分析五年考情分析被动语态时间2009年2010年2011年2012年2013年占分0分1分2分2分6分题号无考查第42题第69题第70题第693题考点无考查单选，将来时被动句转，一般将来被动句转；一般现在被动句转；一般过去被动考点解读1、 思维导图千万不要忘记还有：情态动词+be done 哦！1. 把握动词类型,辨别被动与否1) 及物动词有被动语态，不及物动词必须带有介词才可以有被动语态eg: We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主谓宾The teacher is listened to by us carefully in class.主谓介词短语比较:2) 初中阶段不使用被动语态的情况a) 系动词无被动 The dish tastes delicious. The apple smells sweet. b) 某些说明名词本身性质的动词。如wash, write, sell ,read The play reads better than it acts. This kind of cloth washes well.(耐洗) The pen writes smoothly写起来流利。 The book is so interesting that it sells well. “sell”此处为不及物动词“销售起来.” 作及物动词为“卖、出售”）c) Need+V-ing “需要被.” My car needs repairing. 我的车需要修理d) 4) Tooto句型The box is too heavy to life.e) 5) 不及物动词appear, disappear, fail, happen, last, remain, spread, break out, come true, take place, belong to等比较 rise, fall, happen是不及物动词；raise, seat是及物动词。(错) The price has been risen. (对) The price has risen. (错) The accident was happened last week.(对) The accident happened last week. (错) The price has raised. (对) The price has been raised. 3) 双宾语的被动语态有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg. He often tells usinterestingstories .（主动语态）（被动语态）常带双宾语的词有：tell、show、 lend、 pass、give、buy等。4) to的“前世今生”在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to被省略，但在被动语态中，这个to还要还原。eg. I often hear hersing this popular song .（主动语态）She is often heard to sing this popular song .（被动语态） 有这种用法的常用动词有：一感二听三使四看，主动语态to省略，被动语态to还原。see sb do sth（主动语态）sb be seen to do（被动语态）一感二听三使（使役动词）四看feelhear、listen tomake、let、have （马兰花）see、watch、notice、observe5) 系表结构PK被动语态有些“be +过去分词”的结构并不是被动语态，它们有可能是“系表结构（即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”eg:（1）  （2）典型例题【例1】（上海2013年42题） Which do you prefer to use to keep in touch with your friends, QQ _ MSN?A) and B) but C) or D) so【答案】C【解析】本题考查的是并列连词的选择关系，主要考查对前后句逻辑关系的理解和判断。常考的一些并列连词还有not onlybut also, eitheror, neithernor, as well as等【例2】（上海2013年43题） I hate travelling by air _ we usually have to wait for hours before the plane takes off.A) because B) though C) until D) unless【答案】A【解析】本题考查连词中的从属连词之原因状语从句，主要考查上下句逻辑关系。主要考查词汇见从属连词考点讲解【例3】（上海2013年70题） This years car exhibition was very special. It attracted many visitors. (合并成一句) This years car exhibition was _ special_ it attracted many visitors.【答案】so, that【解析】本题考查连词中的从属连词之结果状语从句，主要考查上下句逻辑关系。主要考查词汇见从属连词考点讲解之结果状语从句【例4】（上海2012年73题） "Is it the first boys-only school in the city?" asked a parent. (改为宾语从句)A parent asked _ it _ the first boys-only school in the city.【答案】if/whether【解析】本题考查连词中的从属连词之宾语从句，主要考查直接引语转换成间接引语时引导词的选择。主要考点that+一般陈述句；if/whether+一般疑问句；wh-+特殊疑问句【例5】（上海2012年40题） _ Tony_ Frank likes the CD. They think the music is too noisy. A) Neither.nor B) Either.or C) Both.and D) Not only.but also【答案】A【解析】本题考查连词中的并列连词之联合关系，本句主要考查上下句的句意和主谓一致关系。常见考点有neither.nor; either.or; both.and; not only.but also; as well as.具体用法见并列连词考点之并列连词。学法点睛识记下面的表格，是掌握被动语态的前提哦！8大时态的被动语态现在时态一般现在时现在进行时一般将来时现在完成时谓语动词构成amis p.p.areamis beingp.p.arewill bep.p.amis going to be p.p.arehave（has）beenp.p.过去时态一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时谓语动词构成was p.p.werewasbeingp.p.werewould bep.p.was going tobep.p.werehad beenp.p.2.情态动词 +（not）+ be +p.p.注p.p.表及物动词的过去分词3.被动语态口诀，帮你解决考试烦恼！被动语态强调“宾”，用 be加上“过去分”。“be”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。“行为对象”作主语，逻辑主语“by”来引。原句若是双宾语，一变“主”来一保“宾”。“间宾”要把主语变，原来“直宾”还是“宾”。“直宾”要把主语变，“间宾”前加“to”最称心。唯有原“宾”是“复合”，只有变宾要当心。原句“宾补”变“主补”，位置不必挪寸分。情态动词变“被动”，情态加be加过分。如若“情态”后带to，变后有to才弄准。“短语动词”变“被动”，相当“及物”莫疑心。不过其后“介”或“副”，变后还得要承认。过关检测巩固测试：1、（奉贤2014一模40题）Have you heard about that car accident near the school?Yes, luckily no one _.A) Hurt B) was hurt C) were hurt D) has hurt2、（虹口2014一模43题）Before the bridge _, the local people had to reach the other side by ferry.A) is built B) will be built C) was built D) has been built3、（宝山2014一模37题）A lot of water _ in Shanghai every year. Its a big problem.A) wastesB) is wastedC) have been wastedD) is wasting4、（静安2014一模42题）Our next school sports meeting _ in two months time.A) will hold B) has held C) is held D) will be held5、（闵行2014一模39题）Free Film tickets _to children in some cinemas in Shanghai on Childrens Day every year.A) offer B) will offer C) are offered D) were offered 6、（闸北2014一模37题）The Trojan War _by Helen and her beauty.A）causes B）is caused C）caused D）was caused7、（长宁2014一模39题）A lot of students in this university _abroad as exchange students every year.A)are sentB) were sentC) will sendD) send8、（杨浦2014一模44题）We will shorten the communicating time after the new bridge _.A)will complete B) completes C) will be completed D)is completely9、（金山2014一模40题）The 22nd Winter Olympics will _in Sochi early this year.A) be held B) heldC)holdD) being held10、（金山2013二模45题）Xi Jinping _president of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in March, 2013.A) electB) is electedC) electedD) was elected11、（静安2014一模66题）We must think of a plot before we start to write a story (改为被动态)A plot must _ _ of before we start to write a story. 12、（徐汇2014一模64题）Many people have invited her to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show.(改为被动语态)She _ _ invited to perform since she became famous in the Talent Show. 13、（普陀2014一模67题）The government will rebuild more old buildings in the coming years. (被动语态) More old buildings will _ _ by the government in the coming years. 14、（虹口2013一模73题）Some shop owners use Christmas songs during the festive season to make us more careless with our money.(改为被动语态)Christmas songs _ _to make us more careless with our money during the festive season. 15、（奉贤2013二模71题）Anna invited me to her birthday party last month. (改为被动语态)I _ _ to Annas birthday party last month.提升测试：1、（黄浦2013二模43题）Another big swimming pool with modern facilities _ in the community next year.A. build B. built C. builds D. will be built2、（静安、青浦2013二模47题）Visitors from Africa _ around this beautiful city next week.A) showB) will show C) are shownD) will be shown3、（闵行2013二模47题）Teenagers under 19years old _ to visit this website according to the rules last year.A. werent allowed B. werent allowing C. wont be allowed D. havent been allowed4、（松江2013二模48题）That ancient tower is part of our citys history. It _ many years ago. A) buildsB) builtC) was builtD) is built5、（闸北2013二模46题）Lei Feng_ for his warm heart and kind deeds. We should learn from him.A) knowsB) is knownC) was knownD) has known6、（闸北2012一模44题）Its terrible to hear that some students _ when they took a school bus. A) killedB) are killed C) were killed D) have killed7、（闵行2012一模42题）Dont worry, your package _ here until you come back, so enjoy shopping here.A. kept B. was keeping C. has been kept D. will be kept8、（金山2012一模40题）Have you moved into your new flat, Mr. Smith?Not yet, the rooms _ next month.A. are painted B. are painting C. will paint D. will be painted9、（黄浦2012一模42题）The children _ by the funny performance in Shanghai Circus World.A. attract B. attracted C. are attracting D. were attracted10、（长宁2012一模43题）The taxi base fare(起步价)in Shanghai _ from 12yuan to 14 Yuan last August. A. raised B. was raised C. has raisedD. has been raised11、（长宁2013一模71题）Jane wrote several articles about memory last month. (改为被动语态)Several articles about memory _ _ by Jane last month.12、（黄浦2013一模70题）Mrs. Bush will allow me to take the exam even I missed so many lessons. (改为被动语态)I will _ _ to take the exam by Mrs. Bush even I missed so many lessons. 13、（浦东2013一模72题）Chinese people invented black tea during the Ming Dynasty. (改为被动语态) Black tea _ _ by Chinese people during the Ming Dynasty.14、（静安2013一模70题）Kitty expressed many thanks to her parents on Thanksgiving Day. (改为被动语态)Many thanks _ _ by Kitty to her parents on Thanksgiving Day.15、（闵行2013一模71题）Our class teacher chose our monitor to take part in the English reading contest last week.（改为被动语态）Our monitor _ _ to take part in the English reading contest last week.附【参考答案】巩固测试：1、B 2、C 3、B 4、D 5、C 6、D 7、A 8、D 9、A 10、D11、be thought 12、has been 13、be rebuilt 14、 are used 15、was invited提升测试：1、D 2、D 3、A 4、C 5、B 6、C 7、D 8、D 9、D 10、B11、were written 12、be allowed 13、wasinvented 14、were expressed 15、was chosen