人教新目标版八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room词组句型知识点语法(12页).doc

-人教新目标版八年级下册Unit 3 Could you please clean your room词组句型知识点语法-第 12 页Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?词组句型知识点语法【应掌握的词组】1.go out for dinner 出去吃饭2.stay out late 在外面待到很晚3.go to the movies 去看电影4.get a ride 搭车5.work on 从事6.finish doing sth. 完成做某事7.clean and tid y 干净整洁8.do the dishes 洗餐具9.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾10.fold your/the clothes 叠衣服11.sweep the floor 扫地12.make your/the bed 整理床铺13.clean the livng room 打扫客厅14.no problem 没问题15.welcome sb. 欢迎某人e home fro m school/ work放学/下班回家17.throw down 扔下18.sit down 坐下e over 过来20.take sb. for a walk 带某人去散步21.all the time 一直;总是22.all day/evening 整曰/夜23.do housew ork 做家务24.shout back 大声回应25.walk away 走开26.share the housework 分担家务27.a com fortable home 一个舒适的家28.in surprise 惊讶地29.get som ething to drin k 拿点喝的东西30.watch one show 观看一个节目31.hang out 闲逛32.pass sb. sth. 把某物传给某人33.lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人34.get sth. wet 使某物弄湿35.hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事36.do chores 做杂务37.help sb. (to ) d o /with sth帮助某人干某事38.bring a tent带顶帐篷来39.buy some snacks买些小吃40.go to the store去商店41.invite sb. to a party邀请某人参加聚会42.make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事43. enough stress足够的压力44.awaste of tim e浪费时间45. in order to为了46.get good grades取得好成绩47.m ind doing sth. 介意做某事48.depend on依赖;依靠49.develop c h ild re n s independence发展孩子的独立性50.look after/take care of 照顾；照看51.do one s part in (doin g ) sth.做某人分内的事【应掌握的句型】1. Could you please.do sth. ?Could you please clean your room?你能整理一下你的房间吗？2. I have to do some work.我必须干些活。3. Could I+ do sth. ?Could I use your computer?我可以用一下你的电脑吗？4. She won t be happy if she sees th is mess.如果她看到这样乱七八糟的话，她会不高兴的。5. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did I.整整一周，她什么家务活都不干了，我也一样。6. My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the T V .我一在电视机前坐下，我妈妈就过来了。7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.I hate to do chores.我讨厌做杂务。【语法聚焦】学习礼貌的提出请求一、学习表示礼貌的提出请求：请你 好吗？Could you please +do sth?        Could you +do sth?              Would you please +do sth?        Would you +do sth?             肯定回答：Sure （当然可以）Of course （当然可以）No problem（没问题）  I'd love to（我很乐意）否定回答：Sorry（对不起） I'd love to （我很乐意）but I have to /must/should eg:1、A：你能打扫一下我们的院子吗？Could you please clean our yard?B：当然。我很乐意。SureI'd love to   C：对不起。我很乐意。但我必须首先做作业。SorryI'd love to But I have to do my homework first2、请你打开灯好吗？   Would you please turn on the light?3、请关上门好吗？Would you close the door?  二、学习请求允许：  我能。吗？/我们能。吗？Could I /we+do sth?   Could I /we please +do sth?肯定回答：Sure （当然可以）Of course （当然可以）No problem（没问题） Yes, you can （是的你可以）否定回答：Sorry（对不起）/No, you can't（不，不行）You have to /must /should firsteg:我可以借你的车吗？ Could I borrow your car?               watch TV?               go swimming?/go fishing?/go camping?/go shopping               play soccer?               go to the movies?Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?1. Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？Could you please do sth ?请你（做）.好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I cant2、take out 取出（v+ adv） 【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间； 跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边His teeth hurt badly. The dentist take them out .【短语】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走 take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下； 起飞3. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？ do the dishes 洗碗 【结构1】do the +名词： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服 【结构2】do the +动词-ing do the cleaning 打扫卫生 【结构3】do ones + 名词 do ones housework/ homework 做家务/家庭作业 【结构4】do some +动词-ing do some reading/ shopping 读写书/购物4、 Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗？1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做.吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?2】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至少，不超过Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.3】finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事 Can you finish _reading_ these books before 10 o'clock? Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。1】two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 How time is flies! Three years _is_(be) really a short time.作形容词 足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析2】enough I dont have enough money with me.作 副词 足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后） The river is deep enough for swimming. 【记】 Mr. Smith has enough money ,but he isnt kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于形容词之后。 6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？【解析】take out 拿出；取出take 的用法：拿；取Please take some books to the classroom.吃；喝；服用 Take this medicine three times a day.乘（车；船等）take They usually take the bus to work.花费（时间；金钱） It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 构成的短语：take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞take up 占据 take down 拿下 take ones time 不急；慢慢来take ones temperature 量体温7. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over . 我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一. 就.” Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front ofin front of 指在物体外部的前面 There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】 in the front of 指在物体内部的前面 Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【记】 The driver sat _in the front of_ the car. The policeman stood _in front of_ the car.【注意】有the无the区别大： at table 吃饭；进餐 at the tabel 在桌边 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）【解析3】come over 过来 【拓展】 come 短语：come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come up with想出 come true实现 come down下来 come from=be from来自,出生于come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来 7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务！all the time = always 一直；总是 8. Im just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！【解析】as.as . 和.一样.9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I. 一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语） 也不” neither两者都不neither nor 既不也不,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student 表达“也不” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主” The first one wasnt bad. Neither was the second. 10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy. 第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】find found found v寻找 (1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 She found _it_ hard to finish the work by herself. 11. She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地surprise v 使吃惊surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 to ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 in surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对感到吃惊To my surprise_(使我吃惊的是），he got the first prize in the exam.12. “ Im do sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied. “对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。” 我回答说。【解析1】need v 需要用于肯定句，是实义动词。(1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done Students need _to have_(have) a good rest in studying. The watch needs_mending_(mend).用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词(1)neednt = dont have to 没有必要(2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用neednt Must I go there now? Yes，you must/No, you neednt【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物(All his friends _Shared_ his happiness when he won the match. 13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把.悬挂/挂起14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人 Pass on 传递 Please pass the paper on to the other students. v 通过；路过 I pass your home. v 通过（考试） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗、 Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人He doesnt want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】【记】 I want to _borrow_ a bike from my friend but he didnt _lend_ it to me, because Tom had _kept_ it for two days.16. I cut my finger and Im trying not to get it wet. 我的手指割伤了，伤口不能弄湿。【解析】try (not) to do sth努力（不）做某事。 try v 试图，设法，努力 【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿 (2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】 (3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】(4)try ones best to do sth= do ones best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事17. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。hate to do sth 讨厌做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。 I hate to trouble him. hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。 She hates smoking in her room. 18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。 ask for 请求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事ask构成的短语：短语含义ask sb. to do sth请某人做某事ask sb. not to do sth不让某人做某事ask sb for sth 向某人要某物ask for help 寻求帮助19.Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事 Can you finish _reading_ these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj. “在期间； 当的时候”While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。_While _ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.【解析3】help sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人。【注】help v 帮助 helpful adj. 有帮助的(1)help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with ones help在某人的帮助之下(3)without the help of 没有在的帮助之下I think reading is very _helpful_(help). _Without_ your help, we couldnt catch the thief.20. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀请某人去某地【解析】invite v invitation n邀请(1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事(2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地21.I dont understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。【解析】make sb. do sth 让某人做某事make made made v. 做， 制作， 使得(1) make sb/sth + 形容词 “让某人或某物” make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel_ happy or sad, energetic or sleep. 22.They dont have time to study and do housework，too. 他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事have time =be free 有空23. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。【解析】a waste of 浪费 a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱waste v “浪费” waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱Dont _waste_water. Cant you see the sign “save water”?24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university. 为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。【解析1】spend. on sth 在某事上花费.spend/pay/cost/take 花费(1)spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人 sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sthspend on= pay for 支付He spends too much time on the computer games. Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because theyre not going to be around forever. My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car. (2) pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人 sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book. How much did you _pay_ for this computer? Five hundred dollars.(3) cost cost cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事 sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱 A new computer costs me a lot of money. I bought a new sweater last weekend. It _cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)taketook taken v 花费It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析2】in order to “目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。 in order to do sth 为了做某事He ran quickly in order not _to be_ late for the meeting.【解析3】get into =enter 进入【拓展】与get相关的短语：get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服 get dressed穿衣 get into进入 get/be lost丢失 get off/on下/上车get on well with sb.与某人相处得好 get out of从出来 get warm 变暧get ready for +n.为做准备 get ready to do sth.准备做某事get well康复 get a chance 有机会、得到机会get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相关：(be asleep睡着) 25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so theres no need for them to do it now. 而且，当他们长大的时候，他们也将会做家务，因此，他们没必要现在在做。【解析】get older 长大 get/ become/ go辨析： get+adj较多地与形容词比较级连用。 The days are getting longer and longer. become 强调变化的结果 It's becoming colder and colder.go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad变坏，go blind变瞎，go hungry挨饿26. It is the parents job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。【解析】provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物provide v 提供provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介词用for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介词with)供应某人某物相当于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb. provide为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给”provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物offer侧重表示“愿意给予”offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物The Internet provides us _with_a lot of _information_we need. Could you please provide us _with_ some information about the students health? Of course, its my pleasure. 27. And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult. 无论如何，我认为做家务并不那么难。【解析】anyway 无论如何, (一般放在句首，用逗号和句子隔开）28. I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我认为对孩子们来说，学习如何做杂务并帮助他们的父母做家务是很重要的。【解析】It is important for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事是重要的29. Children these days depend on their parents too much. 现在的孩子太依赖他们的父母。【解析】depend on 依靠；信赖 Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? Well, it all _depends on_ the weather.30. . Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy. 每个人都有责任保持家里的干净和整洁。【解析1】 do ones part 尽职责；尽本分 Do ones part in doing sth 在做某事上尽职责【解析2】keep +sth /sb. +adj. “使.处于某种状态” Her mother asked her to keep the windows _open_ and the door _closed_. kee