新版新目标英语八年级下册unit2知识点总结(6页).doc

-新版新目标英语八年级下册unit2知识点总结-第 6 页 Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks. Section A 常见短语动词结构有下面几种： 短语动词小结1. 关掉turn off 放弃give up 副词+动词(1). 熬夜stay up 这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既 可插在动词和副词之间，也可放在短语动词后。 及物动词，后跟宾语。=介词+动词(2). belong to 看look at 听listen of 属于 介词+副词+动词(3). 用完，耗尽run out of 提出，想出come up with (4). 抓住catch hold of 参加take part in如：) 介词(名词+动词 help 2.帮助某人做某事help sb. (to) do 帮助做某事help do sth 帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth. 帮助某人解决难题help sb. out 随便吃help oneself to sth ) 摆脱困境( 打扫clean-up n. 打扫 clean up 某人(使 cheer (sb.) up 3. cheer 使我高兴cheer me up 高兴、振作) 欢呼，喝彩(1) v 欢呼，高呼.为(2) v 欢呼声，喝彩声 可数n (3) 加油.为 (4) cheer on v+adv give out 3. 给某人.分give out sth to sb. = hand out 散发，分发(1)(2) 气味等） 声音 热 发出（光 Our food will give out soon. 耗尽 用完(3) give away sth. to sb 捐赠 赠送give away 给某人某东西=give sth. to sb. 给某人某东give sb. sth. 推迟做某事put off doing （后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语） 推迟5. put off 收起来put away 放回原处put back 张贴，搭建put up 扑灭；伸出put out 穿上put on 记下 放下put down notice 6. 可数名词：公告牌，通告，布告 Take notice of what I say. 不可数名词：注意 看到 留心 动词：注意到 used to do sth7. 没有人称和时态变化 ) 现在不了(过去 习惯于（一直在做）be used to doing/get 被用来做be used to do 被用于be used for+n/ doing Stamps are used for sending mails. She goes to climb mountains every Sunday.But she used to hate climbing mountains. alone lonely 8. 孤单的（心理状态，内心感到孤独，侧重于缺少同伴或同情而感到孤独，感情色彩较强）lonely adj 修饰地点名词，荒凉的，侧重于人迹罕至或远离人烟，很荒凉 作表语；也可作定语 侧重一个人与其他的人或事物分开，不含感情色彩 独自地adv 单独的，独自的；adj alone He feels lonely without friends. 独自呆在房间He is alone in the room. lonely. but doesnt feel He lives alone volunteer 9. 志愿者 可数名词(1) 自愿的(2)adj. 志愿效劳、主动贡献volunteer to do sth (3) v 他们是中国人民志愿军。olunteers. They are the Chinese Peoples V 我自愿帮助你。I volunteer to help you. 放弃做某事give up doing 10. 放弃时间去做某事give up time to do sth satisfy v 满意n satisfaction 11. 满意的satisfied adj 使满意 对做某事感到满意be satisfied to do sth (1).对be satisfied with (2) 感到满意 dissatisfied dissatisfy dissatisfaction (3) 恶心的，呕吐的;生病的sick adj. 12. 作表语、定语 作表语，不能作定语 生病的ill adj. raise 13. raise your hands 举起，抬起 (1) raise corn 种植 (2) raise a dog 饲养，供养 (3)raise money 筹集，征集(4) 14. own 我亲眼看见它的。I saw it with my own eyes. I have my own room. 自己的(1)adj (2)v I own a big room. =have 拥有 He is the owner of the bike. 主人，可数(3)n owner 属于某人自己的s own. (4) of one Section B 1. run out of run out 用完，用尽(1) run out (become used up). ，本身就含有被动意义。)时间，食物，金钱，油等(主语往往为物 他的钱很快就花光了。His money soon ran out. 我们剩下的时间不多了。Our time is running out. 用完了 (2)run out of 主语为人或某种能消耗物品的机器等，表示主动含义。 他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了。He is always running out of money before pay day. 两者在一定条件下可以互换(3) = We are running out of petrol. 汽油快用完了The petrol is running out. 我们快把汽油用完了。 = We are running out of time 我们剩下的时间不多了。Our time is running out. 跑出来.从(4) run out of 某物用尽了，用完了 (5) sth runs out )在外貌、性格等方面2.take after ( 相像)父母等(与 look after 相似/相像.与be similar to 照顾take care of 照顾 多指外貌 看上去像look like 像be like 性格 指外貌 给某人写信 3.write the letter to sb=write to sb 收到某人的来信receive a letter from sb=hear from sb 使失去能力，使残疾disable v. 丧失能力的 肢体有残疾的4.disabled adj. 产生影响.对 5. make a difference to great big 这对我没什么影响。It makes no difference to me. 没有影响.对 make no difference to 失之毫厘谬以千里One false step will make a great difference. 在做某事方面有困难have difficulty in doing sth 6. open 7.；开张的，营业的；(closed)开着的 adj (1) (be open to ) 开放的 close 将原来关着或合着的东西打开 打开v (2) 火车8. train n. 训练；培养；锻炼 n training 训练v. We can train the dog to do farm work. 训练某人做某事train sb/sth. to do. He trains his daughter in medicine. 在某方面训练某人train sb in sth 她训练她的狗去取东西。She trains her dog to fetch things. 感到兴奋，激动.对be excited about 9. 对做某事感到兴奋be excited to do sth 谢谢做某事10. thank you for doing 强项是be strong in 11. strong 坚固的，结实的；强烈的，厉害的 强壮的，强健的； adj v. + adv 12. work out 结局，结果为(1) 他提出的这个策略效果很好。The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 算出(2) 我已经算出了我们总的费用。I have worked out our total expenses. 制订出(3) 他制订了一个计划。He worked out a plan. 消耗完（精力等）(4) 他好像永远不会疲乏似的。He never seems to be worked out. 逐渐解决)使问题(5)( e up with 追上 赶上 catch up with 想出=think up 想出 提出 张贴 put up 建立 成立set up 记下 写下write down 打电话call up 投入使用，利用 把put to use 从句=plan + 计划做某plan to do 制定计划做某事make plans to do sth 要求某人做某事ask sb to do sth 的感觉.有 get a feeling of 使得做某事对某人来说是可能的make it possible for sb to do sth care for 参加选拔try out for 相似be similar with 修理fix up 实现come true 照顾 决定做decide to do