人教版高中英语必修五学案：Unit 2 The United Kingdom Period 4 Grammar(3页).doc

-人教版高中英语必修五学案：Unit 2 The United Kingdom Period 4 Grammar-第 3 页Book 5 Unit 2 The United KingdomPeriod 4 Grammar编者：王海虹 修编：李慧学习目标1.学习并掌握过去分词用作宾语补足语的用法。2. 能灵活运用所学语法知识解决相关问题。自主合作探究观察下列从Reading中选取的句子，注意过去分词在句子中充当的成分和所起的作用。Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well.Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way.You find most of the population settled in the south.自我总结过去分词(短语)作宾语补足语时，与宾语存在逻辑上的_关系。过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语时表明宾语是过去分词动作的对象，过去分词与宾语之间有逻辑上的动宾关系。在高中阶段主要有以下几种情况：1感官动词see, hear, notice, observe, feel，find等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。1) I saw an old man knocked down by a car just now . 我看到刚才一位老人被车撞倒了。2) He felt himself cheated. 他感到自己被骗了。3) When I came in, I found the glass broken. 当我进来的时候，我发现杯子碎了。【注意】在此类“动词宾语宾语补足语”结构中，如用过去分词作宾语补足语，表示动作与宾语构成动宾关系或所处的状态。(用现在分词作宾语补足语表示动作正在进行且与宾语构成主谓关系。)2. 意欲动词want，like，wish，order，expect等动词后接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“希望/要求某事/某人被”。1).The father wants his daughter taught the piano. 这位父亲想让女儿学钢琴。2) I'd like the job done when I come back from the journey. 我希望我旅行回来时，这项工作已经做完了。3使役动词have, get, make, leave, keep等后可用过去分词作宾语补足语。1) Have you got your film developed? 你把胶卷冲洗了吗?2) We mustnt leave the work unfinished. 我们决不能不完成工作。【注意】“使役动词have宾语过去分词”的几种含义：1)主语请别人做某事He wants to have his eyes examined tomorrow. 他明天想去检查眼睛。2)主语遭遇到某种不幸的事情While they were on holiday，they had their car broken into. 他们在度假时车被撬了。3)使完成某事(事情既可以是别人做完，也可以由主语参与完成)He had the walls painted this morning. 他今早给墙刷漆了。(主语自己可能参与)4在“with名词/代词过去分词”的复合宾语结构中，过去分词表示被动意义，过去分词与宾语在逻辑上是动宾关系。1) With all the work done，I feel very relaxed now. 所有的工作都做完了，我现在感到非常放松。2) An old man was brought in，with his hands tied behind his back. 一个老人被带了进来，他的双手被绑在背后。5. 过去分词与现在分词作宾语补足语的区别：一般说来，过去分词作宾语补足语时，与宾语在逻辑上是动宾关系，现在分词则是主谓关系。1) I saw her coming into the classroom. 我看见她正进教室(her和come是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示“进来”这一动作正在发生)2) I saw her taken out of the classroom. 我看见她被人从教室里带了出来。(take和her是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示“她是被带出来的”这一动作)3) With a local guide leading the way，we had no difficulty finding the old temple.由当地的导游带路，我们毫不费事地找到了那座古庙。(guide和lead之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词)4) With the problem settled，he could finally have a good sleep.问题得以解决，他终于可以好好睡一觉了。(problem和settle之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词)达标练习I. 完成句子1. At last I succeeded in_.(让我自己被理解)2. My glasses are broken. Ill have to _.(让它被修理)3. The doctor warned him _ (不要吃东西) after the operation. 4. I want you to keep me_ (让我随时了解) how things are going with you.5. Ill have the materials _ (把这些材料给你送去) next Monday morning.II.用所给动词的适当形式填空1When I opened the door，I found the ground _by fallen leaves.(cover)2When you come back again，you will see your hometown completely_.(change)3Paul's mother had him _because she couldn't look after him herself.(adopt)4Look at your dirty clothes；you'd better get them _.(wash)5He stood for an instant with his hand_.(raise)6With a lot of difficult problems _，America is having a hard time.(settle)7He spoke slowly to make himself_.(understand)8When he woke up，he found himself_by a group of children.(surround)