人教版高中英语必修五学案：Unit 4 Making the news Period 4 Grammar(4页).doc

-人教版高中英语必修五学案：Unit 4 Making the news Period 4 Grammar-第 3 页Book 5 Unit 4 Making the newsPeriod 4 Grammar编者：王海虹 修编：李慧学习目标 1. learn the grammar rules and try to memorize them. 2. Use them freely to deal with exercises.自主合作探究 倒装在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后，即正常语序。但有时为了语法结构的需要或表示强调，就要采取倒装形式。一、全部倒装全部倒装指的是整个谓语提到主语前面。主要有以下几种情况：1. there be句型，其中be可换用appear，come，exist，happen，lie，live，seem等动词。There stands a temple on the top of the mountain. 山顶上有座庙。2. 表方位的副词(here，there，up，down，in，out等)位于句首，且主语是名词。1）There goes the bell. 铃声响了。 2）Here comes the bus. 车来了。3. 表地点的介词短语位于句首，且句子主语为名词。In front of the house stood a tower. 房子前面矗立着一座塔。4. such作表语，意为“就是如此/这样”，置于句首。Such were his words.Such was what he said. 他就是这样说的。5. 强调分词动作，用“分词be主语”结构。Growing all over the mountain are wild flowers. 漫山遍野长满了野花。6. 为了保持句子平衡，使上下文衔接紧密。They reached a farm house，in front of which sat an old man. 他们到了一所农舍，农舍前坐着一位老人。7. 表示祝愿、标语或口号的句子。Long live China！中国万岁！二、部分倒装将助动词(包括系动词，情态动词等)提到主语前称为部分倒装，主要有以下几种情况：1. “only状语”位于句首，句子主谓部分倒装；“only状语从句”位于句首时，主句的主语和谓语要部分倒装，从句不倒装。1) Only then did I realize the importance of learning English well. 直到那时我才意识到学好英语的重要性。2) Only if we keep on working hard can we succeed the next time. 我们只有努力工作，下次才会成功。2. 表示否定意义的词或短语放在句首时：此类词或短语主要有：not，never，seldom，little，hardly，rarely，by no means，at no time，in no case，in no way，under no circumstances，on no condition等。Never have my parents quarrelled. 我父母从未吵过架。3. not only.but also连接两个并列句时，含有not only的句子用部分倒装；hardly.when，no sooner.than，not.until引导的句子，当hardly，no sooner，not until位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。1) Not only can traveling relax us，but it can also broaden our horizon. 旅游不仅能使我们放松，还可以开阔我们的视野。2) Hardly had I sat down when the telephone rang. 我刚一坐下，电话铃就响了。4. 表示一种肯定情况也适用于另一方时，用so倒装；表示一种否定情况也适用于另一方或一方同时具备两种否定情况时，用neither/nor倒装。“也不”。1) His brother likes football and so does my brother. 他的弟弟喜欢足球，我弟弟也喜欢。2) You don't know the way. Neither do I你不知道路，我也不知道。5. 当as/ though表示“尽管”时. 注意：(形容词或副词提前时前面不加very一类的修饰语；名词提前时前面不加冠词) ; though引导的从句可以倒装，也可不倒装；although从句不倒装。1) Housewife as she is，she knows a lot about law. 虽然她是一位家庭主妇，她却懂得很多法律方面的事。6. 在含有had/were/should的虚拟条件句中可以省略if，将had/were/should放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。Were it to rain tomorrow，I wouldn't attend the meeting. 要是明天下雨我就不参加会议了。7. 在so/such.that. 句式中，如果so/such引导的部分前置，主句中的主语和谓语应用部分倒装。So kind was he that we all respected him. 他非常善良，我们大家都尊敬他。8. may表示祝愿时，应将may放在主语前。May you have a nice trip！祝你旅途愉快！达标练习1. 根据提示完成句子1Hardly_ (这个歌手出现在舞台上) when the audience rose and cheered.2So well _(李娜表现) that she has won her first Australian Open title in Melbourne.3Nowhere else, as Tim said, _ (他愿意去) except the small garden in the backyard after school.4Only when I told him what had happened _ (他才知道) the truth. .将下列句子改成倒装句1I understood the question only after the teacher explained it to me a second time.Only after the teacher explained it to me a second time _ the question.2I didnt realize it was already too late for us to return home until it grew dark.Not until it grew dark _ it was already too late for us to return home.3I have never read a book like that. _read a book like that.