十二 情景交际(7页).doc

-十二 情景交际-第 7 页专题十二 情景交际一. 知识要点情景交际是考察在一定的语言环境中用口语进行交际的能力.要求学生能过根据实际场合和说话意图选择最合适的语言.常考察的语言场合和情景如下.1.社会交往 （social communications）1. 问候（greetings） 2. 介绍（introductions） 3. 告别 （farewell） 4. 感谢（thanks） 5.道歉（apology） 6. 邀请（invitation） 7. 请求允许（asking for permission） 8. 表达祝愿和祝贺 （expressing wishes and congratulations） 9. 提供帮助（offering help） 10. 约会 （making appointments） 11. 打电话（making phone calls） 12. 就餐（having meals） 13. 看医生（seeing doctors） 14. 购物 （shopping） 15. 问路（asking the way） 16.谈论天气（talking about weather） 17. 语言交际困难（language difficulties in communication） 18. 提醒警告（reminding and warning） 19. 劝告建议（advice and suggestions）2.态度 （attitude） 20. 同意和不同意（agreement and disagreement） 21. 喜欢和不喜欢 （likes and dislikes） 22. 肯定和不肯定 （certainty and uncertainty） 23. 可能和不可能 （possibility and impossibility） 24. 偏爱和喜好（preference and hobbies） 25. 意愿和打算 （intentions and plans） 26. 希望和愿望（hopes and wishes） 27. 表扬和鼓励 （praise and encouragement） 28. 责备和抱怨（blame and complaint）3.情感 （emotions）29. 高兴（happiness） 30. 惊奇 （surprise） 31. 忧虑（worries） 32. 安慰（reassurance） 33. 满意（satisfaction） 34. 遗憾 （regret） 35. 同情（sympathy） 36. 恐惧（fear） 37. 愤怒（anger）常见的情景交际功能1. 感谢 （thanks）表达感谢Thank you very much. 非常感谢。Thanks a lot./ Many thanks. 多谢。Thank you for your help. /I appreciate your help./Its very kind of you to help me. 谢谢你的帮助。I dont know what I would have done without your help.没有你的帮助我真不知道该怎么办。Thank you all the same. 仍然感谢。答应感谢：Not at all./ Thats all right./You are welcome./Its a pleasure./Dont mention it./Think nothing of it. 不用谢。/不客气。/没什么。情景对话1) A: I think its high time we got wrong./I would better be going.B: So soon? Why dont you stay a little longer?A: I wish I could, but its already late. Thank you for a wonderful meal.B: Im glad you enjoyed it./ _我很高兴你喜欢。不用谢。2）Mr Woods : I would like a single room for tonight. Clerk: Do you have a reservation? Mr Woods: Yes .My name is George Woods.Clerk: Wait a second please. Yes, Mr Woods, we have a room reserved for you. This way please. Mr Woods: Its very kind of you.Clerk: _( 不用谢 )。2. 道歉 （apology）提出道歉：Sorry. 对不起I beg your pardon. Please forgive me for请原谅我Im sorry for your losing your book. 对不起，把你的书弄丢了。Its me to blame. 这是我的错。It was all my fault to have done. 这都是我的错，我不该做.应答道歉：Thats OK. 没事。Never mind. 不要紧。Forget it. 别挂在心上。It doesnt matter. 不要紧。No problem at all. 没问题。、Thats /Its nothing. 没有什么。Dont worry about it. 不要为那事感到不安。It really isnt worth mentioning.那真是不值得一提。Its not as bad as that. There is no point in getting upset.没那么糟，不要为此难过。Thats OK. Dont let it bother you. 没事，别想得太多。情景对话：1) A: Excuse me. I just spilled my coffee on your carpet.B: _(别担心)。A：Anyway I want to pay the cleaningB:_: _没什么大不了的。/忘了它吧。2) A: Im sorry if Ive caused any problem.B: No,_.没有，没问题。3) A: Im sorry Im late. Have you been waiting long ?B: No, I Just got here.4) A: Im sorry, but I cant find the book you lent me.B:_(没关系的)。A: I really feel bad about it. Let me buy you a new one.B: No._. I wouldnt dream of letting you do that. 不，别傻了。我根本就没想让你买。3. 邀请 （invitation） 提出邀请：May I invite you to dinner? What/How about having a swim?Would you like to come to my birthday party?Shall we have a drink? 我们喝点东西好吗？Would you honor us with a visit? 可否赏光来我们这儿?接受邀请：OK. 好的。Thank you 谢谢。I would like that, thanks. 我喜欢，谢谢。That would be nice. 那太好了。Its my great honor to attend your wedding ceremony. 能参加你的婚礼，我感到非常荣幸。拒绝邀请：No, thank you. 不，谢谢。Its very nice of you./ I would love to, but Im afraid I have no time. 谢谢你./我想去.但是恐怕没时间.Im sorry I cant. What about another time? 对不起。我不能去，换个时间怎么样？情景对话：1) A: Will you do me the honor of dancing with me? B: Of course ._./ Oh,_. Im very tired now. 当然，我很愿意。/真对不起,我实在很累.2) A: Come over to my house to celebrate Christmas. B: Ok. Thank you very much.3) A: Would you like to go to the party tonight? B: _. 听起来是个好主意.A: _? 七点可以吗?4）A: How about going to the movies tonight? B: _.May be _./ Im really not in the mood. 今晚不行，改天吧。/ 我真的没心情.A: Then why dont we just go out and get something to eat? B _.I want to stay at home tonight. 不，谢谢。今晚我想待在家里。4. 请求允许（Asking for permission）请求允许：May I come in? Could I use your cellphone? Is it all right if I sit here?I wonder if I could smoke here.Do you mind if I open the window? / Would you mind if I opened the window? 肯定回答：Yes./Sure./ Certainly./Of course. 当然可以。Go ahead, please. 说吧、坐吧、走吧。Not at all. 一点也不。否定回答：Im sorry, but its not allowed. 对不起。这不允许。Im afraid not. You had better not. 恐怕不行，你最好别这样做。Im sorry, but you can smoke in the next room.对不起，但是你可以到隔壁去吸烟。Id rather you didnt. 我到希望你不要。情景对话：1） A: Can I see your driving licience ,please?B: Ok. 好的。2） A: May I call you John?B: Of course, _. 如果你喜欢，当然可以。3） A: Could I borrow your pen? B: Sure,_.当然。很高兴。4） A: Excuse me, May I use your dictionary?B: Yes, here you are.5） A: _/Would you mind if I sat here ?/Would you mind my/me sitting here?B: Not at all. /Of course not. / Sorry ,_.当然不。/对不起,这座位已经有人了.5. 表达祝愿和祝贺 （expressing wishes and congratulations）表达祝愿:Good luck.I wish you (all the) success.Have a good trip.Best wishes to you. 给你最良好的祝愿。Enjoy your vacation. 假期愉快。表达祝贺：Congratulations .祝贺你。Well done. 干的好.I would like to be the first to congratulate you. 我想第一个向你表示祝贺。应答：Thank you.The same to you. 也祝贺你。情景对话：1） A: Cathy and I are going to be married next week B: Really? _真的吗？恭喜你。A: Thank you very much.2） A: I hope you can succeed in the evening.B: So do I. 我也是。3） A: I_./We send you our best wishes./ I hope you will have a good time./ Happy birthday. 祝你成功。/我们给你最美好的祝愿./希望你玩的开心./生日快乐.B: Thank you.6. 提供帮助（offering help）提供帮助：Can I help you?What can I do for you?Is there anything else I can do for you?Would you like me to help you with your lessons?Let me carry it for you.肯定回答;Thanks. That would be nice.Thats very kind of you.Just what I need. 我正需要呢。Yes, please,.好的，请吧。否定回答：No, thanks. I can manage it myself. 不必了。谢谢。我自己能应付。Thank you all the same. 仍然感谢。Please dont bother/trouble. 请不必麻烦了。Not at the moment. Thank you. 暂时不用，谢谢。情景对话：1） A: Let me help you with the bags.B: Thank you./I can _. Thanks_. 谢谢。/ 我能应付了,仍然感谢,2） A：_?我能帮忙吗？B: I would like an English-English dictionary.3） A：Would you like a cup of coffee?B: _./_.是的。/不了,谢谢.4） A: Would you mind if I borrowed your car? /Is there any chance of borrowing your car? B: For how long?A: Until next Tuesday.B: That would be all right./ Im sorry ,but _./Im not sure. I will have to think about it. 我想没问题。/ 对不起,不大方便./ 我不大肯定，我得考虑考虑。7. 约会 （making appointments）疑问式邀请：Will you be free tomorrow?Up to what time will you be free?Have you anything to do tomorrow?How about this afternoon?Shall we meet at 4:30 at the school gate?Wouldnt it be better to come a little early?What time is convenient to you?Are you doing anything tonight? I was wondering if youd like to a movie with me.陈述式邀请：Id like to make an appointment with Mr.Jones. 我想和琼斯先生约会。Try to come early next time if you can. 如果能够的话，尽量早点来.Do try to come. 一定想办法来。Lets make it 8. 我们约在8点吧。肯定回答：All right .See you then.好吧，到时见。That would be nice. 很好。 Id love to. 我愿意。Thats a good idea. 好主意。Yes, I will be free then. 行，到时我有空。否定或变更回答：Im afraid I have no time then. 恐怕那时我没空。Sorry, Ive got people coming over night.对不起，今晚有客人来。Sorry, I wont be free then. But Ill be free tomorrow. 对不起，我那时没空。但是明天我有时间。Could we put it off? 我们推迟约会好吗？Shall we make it some other time? 我们可以另约时间吗？情景对话：1） A：Are you free this evening? I want to go the cinema with you.B：_./ Sorry, Im free every day except today. 有空，我想去。/对不起,我就今天没空.2） A：When shall we meet, this afternoon or this evening?B：I dont mind._ is ok. 我不介意，那个时间都行。.3） A：Im busy today .What about tomorrow afternoon? B：That would be fine. Shall we _at nine? 好的，我们定在9点行吗？4） A：Would Dr.Black be able to see me at 9:30 tomorrow?B：Im sorry, but he wont be free until 11:00, _theres a cancelation. 对不起，直到11点他才有空，除非有人取消就诊。A：Would 1:00 be _? 1点方便吗？B：Yes, he will be free then.8. 语言交际困难（language difficulties in communication） 没有听清或听懂对方话语而要求对方重复时的常用语：Pardon? Excuse me, what did you say?Im sorry, I missed that .对不起，我没听见。Would you please say that again more slowly? 陈述自己没听明白时的常用语：Im cant follow you. 抱歉，我没听清楚。Im afraid I dont understand you. 对不起。我没听懂。Its completely beyond my grasp. 我完全没摸清头脑。表达其它语言困难时的常用语：How do you pronounce this word?How do you spell it?Is there any other way of saying it? 这句话还有别的说法吗？情景对话：1） A： Sorry, I dont quite _. Will you please say it again? 对不起，我没太听懂你的话，请你再说一遍好吗？B：OK. I will repeat what I have said.2) A：What was that?B： I said, “Is there anything I can do?”A：If its not too much trouble, I would like some help.B：Its no trouble at all .Ill carry this suitcase for you。9. 提醒注意 （reminding and warning） No smoking. 请勿吸烟。No spitting. 请勿随地吐痰。Wet floor. 地板未干。Dont touch. 请勿触摸。Dont forget your raincoat. 别忘了带雨衣。Remember to lock the door. 记得锁门。Be sure to arrive on time. 一定要按时到达。Mind your head/ step. 注意你的头/脚下。情景对话：1） A：Dont make any mistakes.B：I know.2） A：Remember to get up early at 6.B：_.没问题。3） A：Dont forget to take a raincoat with you.B：_.谢谢你的提醒。4） A：You mustnt play on the street. Its dangerous.B：_. 是的，我们不会了。10. 希望和愿望 （hopes and wishes） I hope to become a doctor.I wish to see you again.I wish I were younger.情景对话：1）.A： I hope you will forgive meB：_.忘了那件事情吧。2）. A：I hope our dreams can come true.B：_.我也是。3） A：Do you want me to type the document.B：Yes, I want it ready by tomorrow.11. 表扬和鼓励 （praise and encouragement）表达的常用语：Very good. 很好。Well done./ Good job. 做的好。Wonderful /Excellent./ Terrific/Perfect/ Great . 好极了。You speak English very well. 你英语说的很好。Your dress is beautiful .你的裙子很漂亮。Youre really improving .你真的进步了。You know this inside out. 你对这认识的很透彻。Thats the best youve ever done. 这是你做的最好的一次。鼓励的常用语：Come on. Keep trying. 打起精神来。继续努力。Cheer up .振作起来。Go for it .加油，勇敢点。Try harder next time. 下次在努力吧。Keep at it. 坚持下去。Dont give up. 别放弃。Never lose heart. 永远不要灰心。Im proud of you .我为你感到自豪。Nothing can stop you now. 现在没有什么能阻挡了你。Ive never seen anyone do it better. 我从没见过那个人比你做的更好。情景对话： 1） A： What a beautiful tie .It _your suit perfectly. 多漂亮的领带。和你的西装匹配B： Thank you. But you wont believe its _.谢谢。你不会相信它非常便宜。A：Thats amazing. /incredible / It sure looks expensive.2） A：What do you think of my article?B：_ / _-.写得不错。/ 继续努力.3） A：Im afraid I cant pass the exam. B：_ 别灰心。/ 你一定行。4） A：Its my turn to play. B：Come on .加油。12. 安慰（reassurance）Dont worry. 不要担心。It will be OK. / all right. 会好的。Dont take it too hard. 不要想不开。Its not the end of the world. 这不是世界的末日。It would have happened to anyone. 这事谁都有可能碰上。Im sure things will turn out all right.情景对话：1） A：Will he agree to see me? B：_.别担心。2） A：Will my plan work? B：Itll be OK/ all right.3） A：Can you pass the test ?B：_. You are sure to do well. 放松点，你一定会考得很好。13. 遗憾（regret） What a pity / shame. 真遗憾。Im sorry to hear about your failure. 听说你失败了。Thats too bad. 太糟糕了。I wish I had never given up. 我真没希望我没放弃过。情景对话：A：Im terribly sorry, Sarah. Yesterday I dropped the book onto the ground and got it stained.And you know, it was raining hard at the same.B：Oh, thats too bad. Its my favorite.A：I do _this. Ill buy a new one for you. 我真的很抱歉。我将给你买一本。B：Never mind .It happens all the same. 不要紧的。这种事情常发生的。一、 备考热点纵观高考情景交际题，无论题的语境怎样变化，以下答语都会作为备选题频繁出现，请各位同学认真掌握。Its my pleasure. /My pleasure. 我的荣幸。用来回答感谢。With pleasure. 我很愿意。 用来回答别人向你请求帮助。Take it easy. 放松，别紧张，慢慢来。 用来安慰对方。Forget it. 算不了什么， 不用谢了。 用来回答感谢. 没关系。 用来回答道歉。忘了它吧，别提了。 表示不想提及或无关紧要。Not at all. 不用谢，不客气。用来回答感谢。 没关系。 用来回答道歉。（表示真的一点关系也没有。） 一点也不，完全不。用来表示否定。（ 是No 的加强说法。）Never mind. 别着急，不要紧，没关系。表示安慰。 没关系。 用来回答道歉。 不用啦、别费事拉。用来拒绝别人的提供。No problem. 不用谢，不客气。用来回答感谢。(主要用于美国英语中) 没关系。 用来回答道歉。(主要用于美国英语中) 没问题， 小事一桩。用来表示同意或愉快的回答请求。 没问题、不在话下。 用来表达有能力做某事。It doesnt matter. 没关系。 用来回答道歉和表示某事不是很重要。No way. 没门。 拒绝某人。Not really. 很，表示轻微的否定。 不会吧，不见得。不会是真的吧 。表示怀疑或不相信。I dont agree more. 我完全同意、我举双手赞成。 表示完全同意对方的观点或看法。All right. 很好，用来问候别人或回答别人的问候。 好，行，没问题。用来同意对方的命令、请求、建议或安排。 可以、不错。用来表示对某人或某事物的看法、感觉和印象等。Go ahead. 说吧、做吧。用来表示同意对方的请求。 继续吧. 用来表示请对方继续说,继续做等. 你先请. 用来表示请对方先走或先做某事.Dont mention it. 不客气、不要这样说。用来回答感谢或类似于感谢的句子。没关系。 用来回答道歉。 Thats OK. 不用谢，不客气。用来回答感谢。 没关系。 用来回答道歉。 Cheer up. 振作起来。用来鼓励别人。 快点。有催促的含义。 得了吧，别扯了。表示不信任。You will make it. 表示事业获得成功；表示某人做成某事；表示设法做到某事；表示及时抵达某地。Pardon me. 用于打断别人；请求原谅；表示歉意等场合。Why not. 好的、可以呀、为什么不可以呢？表示赞成或同意。 为什么？为什么不呢? 用来询问原因 ( 有时表示一种不可理解的心情 ) 为什么不呢? 表示坚持自己的观点、态度或做法。