人教版八年级英语上册第十单元要点全解(5页).doc

-人教版八年级英语上册第十单元要点全解-第 5 页人教版八年级下册英语第十单元要点全解（纯手工版）1.If you go to the party，you'll have a great time.如果你去参加聚会，你将会玩得很开心。Have a good time意为“玩的开心，过的愉快”其同义短语为：have a good time或enjoy oneselfThey are having a great/good time.They are enjoying themselves.他们正玩的很开心。2. I think I'll wear jeans to the party.I think.意为“我认为.”当主语是第一人称（I或we），think表示“看法”时，其后若接否定意义的宾语从句，要否定在主句上，即：I/we don't think+肯定形式的宾语从句I don't think he will come.我认为他不会来。I don't think I'll wear jeans to the party.我想我不会穿牛仔裤去参加晚会。 3. the students are talking about when to have（a class party/aClass meeting/a birthday party）.学生们正在讨论什么时候举办（班级聚会/班会/生日聚会）when to have a class party是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，此结构可与主从复合句进行同义句转换。Where to go is a problem.去哪里是个问题。I have decided when to go.我已经决定什么时候动身。The important problem is how to tell her the news.最重要的问题是怎样告诉她这个消息。I have decided when to start.=I have decided when I will start.我已经决定什么时候动身。4. half the class won't come一半的同学将不会来。half the class“一半的同学”half此处用作形容词，意为“一半的，半个的”Half the melons are bad.一半的甜瓜坏了。Class是集体名词，意为“全班同学”，是复数概念。half the class come from the village.一半的学生来自这个村庄。拓展：class作名词时，还可意为“班级”。Class one Grade two.二年级一班5. let's order food from a restaurant.咱们从饭店里订购食物吧！Order及物动词，意为“订购；订货；点菜；命令”order的用法如下：order sth.from+地点 从某地订购某物order sb to do sth命令某人做某事I order some clothes from that shop.我从那家店里订购些衣服.Order him to act at once！命令他立即行动。6. if we ask people to bring food，they'll just bring potato chips and chocolate because they'll be too lazy to cook.如果我们让人们带食物来，他们将只带炸薯条和巧克力，因为他们太懒而不去做。ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事 ask sb not to do sth要求某人不要做某事Our teacher asks us to read every day.我们的老师要求我们每天阅读。Potato chips炸土豆片；炸薯条，其中，名词potato作定语，变复数时只变后面的名词。Apple tree苹果树拓展：表示性别的man或woman作定语修饰名词时，如果变复数则man/woman以及其修饰的名词都要变。a man teacher一位男老师 two men teacher两位男老师a woman doctor一位女医生 two women doctors两位女医生例如：-what is your favourite teacher？ -I like _best.I had a large bowl last night.A. potato noodle B.potatoes noodle C.potato noodles D.potatoes noodlesToo.to.“太.而不能”，表示否定的意义。too后跟形容词或副词，to后跟动词原形。若表示“对某人来说太.而不能.”则用too.for sb to.。The question is too difficult for me to answer.这个问题对我来说太难了而回答不出来。拓展：too.to.结构可与not.enough to do sth及so.that.如此.以至于.进行同义替换。He is too young to go to school. He is not old enough to go to school.He is so young that he can't go to school.他太小了而不能去上学。7. if I go to the party，they will be upset.如果我去参加聚会，他们将会很难过。Upset形容词，意为“难过的；沮丧的”he will feel upset when he hears the bad news.当他听到这个坏消息时，他将感到很失望。8. if I take a taxi，it will be too expensive.如果我乘出租车去，它将会太昂贵Take a taxi意为“乘出租车”I sometimes take a taxi to school.我有时乘出租车去上学。拓展：1.英语中交通方式的表达方式：take a/the+交通工具名称，这是一个动词短语，在句中作谓语。I often take a bus to school.我经常乘公共汽车去上学。by+交通工具名词。这是一个介词短语，在句中作状语。需要注意的是，by后的交通工具的名词要用单数形式，且交通工具前不能有任何修饰词。I go to school by bus.我乘公共汽车去上学。用某些动词短语表示 如：walk to.（步行去）；drive to.（开车去）；fly to.（乘飞机去.，飞往.）2. 对交通方式的提问，用疑问词how-how do you go to school？ -By bus./On foot.9. can you give me some advice please？你能给我一些建议吗？Advice不可数名词，意为“劝告，建议”。没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词an连用，表示数量时要借助于piece或用some（一些），much（许多）等词。a piece of paper一条建议 Some pieces of advice许多建议 give sb some advice给某人提一些建议Section B1.travel around the world环游世界 Travel此处用作动词，意为“旅行；游历”They want to travel across the desert.他们想横穿沙漠旅行。辨析：travel常指长距离的旅行或国外旅行。Trip意为“旅行，远足”尤指短途的游玩或有目的的旅行。如：a school trip学校郊游。；a weekend trip周末旅行Journey常指远距离的陆地的旅行。2. If people have problems，they should talk to other people.如果人们有问题，他们应该与他人交谈。talk to sb意为“与某人交谈” I like talking to my mother.我喜欢和我妈妈交谈。拓展：有关talk的短语talk with/to sb与某人交谈 talk about谈论 talk over商量；讨论 talk in a low/high voice低声/高声交谈3. If people have problems，they should keep them to themselves.如果人们有问题，他们应该保守秘密。Keep.to oneself意为“保守秘密”The teenagers like to keep their problems to themselves.青少年喜欢就他们的问题保守秘密。Themselves反身代词，意为“他们/她们/它们自己”反身代词常用作动词的宾语，表示动作的承受者为主语的本身。 He hurt himself yesterday.昨天他伤了他自己。拓展：由反身代词构成的常用短语：Help yourself to.随便吃/喝. enjoy oneself过得快乐，玩得开心teach oneself.(=learn.by oneself)自学.反身代词一览表单数：myself我自己 yourself你自己；himself他自己，herself她自己；itself它自己复数：ourselves我们自己； yourselves你们自己； themselves他们自己4. problems and worries are normal in life.问题和担心在生活中时很正常的.Normal形容词，意为“正常的；一般的” I think that is normal.我认为那很正常。5. Unless we talk to someone ,we'll certainly feel worse.unless连词，意为“除非，如果不”，用于引导条件状语从句。I won't go to the party unless I hear from her.我将不去参加聚会，除非我收到她的来信。拓展：unless可与if引导的否定的条件状语从句进行同义互换。You'll be late unless you hurry up.=You'll be late if you don't hurry up.如果你不快点儿，你将会吃到。6. Laura once lost her wallet，and worried for days.劳拉丢了她的钱包，并担心了好多天。Worry动词，意为“担心，焦虑”，其第三人称单数形式worries。 worry about.“为.担心”The old woman often worries about her son.那位老妇人经常为她的儿子担心。Worried 用作形容词，意为“担心的，发愁的”. be worried about.“为.担心”，与worry about同义He was worried when he was lost.当他迷路时，他感到很担心。7. she was afraid to tell her parents about it.她害怕把这件事告诉她的父母。be afraid to do sth意为“害怕做某事”I am afraid to speak in class.我害怕在班上发言。 I am afraid to go out at night.我害怕晚上出去.拓展：be afraid of sth/sb害怕某物/某人 Tom's sister is afraid of dogs.汤姆的妹妹害怕狗。I'm afraid+从句 我恐怕.I'm afraid I can't go there with you.我恐怕不能和你去那儿。be afraid to do sth因害怕而不敢做某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕或担心出现某种后果。8. If I tell my parents，they'll be angry！如果我告诉父母（这件事），他们将会很生气！angry形容词,意为“发怒的；生气的”其副词为angrily。 be angry with sb生某人的气 be angry at/about sth“因某事生气”If you dont finish the work，Mr Green will be angry with you.如果你不完成这项工作，格林先生将会生你的气。 My father is angry at my mistake.我父亲因我的错误而生气。9. In the end，she talked to her parents and they were really understanding.最后，她跟她父母交谈，他们的确很善解人意。in the end意为“最后；终于”，相当于at last或finally In the end，we won the match.最后，我们赢得了比赛。Understanding形容词，意为“善解人意的；体谅人的”其比较级为more understanding最高级为most understanding10. Her dad said he sometimes made careless mistake himself.她爸爸说他自己有时也粗心犯错误。Careless形容词，意为“粗心的，不小心的”其反义词为carefulUncle Wang is a careless driver.王叔叔时一个粗心的司机。mistake 可数名词，意为“错误；失误”。其复数形式为mistakes。make mistakes（in.）（在某方面）犯错误 by mistake错误地You should be more careful so that you don't make mistakes.你应该更加小心那样才不会犯错误。11. Robert Hunt advises students about common problems.罗伯特.亨特就一些常见问题给学生提出了建议。advise动词，意为“劝告；建议”。advise sb on/about.关于.给某人忠告/建议。拓展：advise sb. to do sth劝告某人做某事Mrs Brown advise us to eat healthy food.布朗夫人劝告我们吃健康食品。12. it is best not to run away from our problems.最好不要逃避问题。It is best（not）to do sth意为“最好（不）做某事”。It为形式主语，动词不定式为真正的主语。It is best way to speak English every day.最好每天说英语。run away意为“逃走；逃跑” The thief ran away quickly.小偷迅速的逃跑了。13. we should always try to solve them.我们应该尽力去解决问题。Solve及物动词，意为“解决；解答” Can you help me solve the problem？你能帮我解决这个问题吗？Solve常与problem搭配使用，表示解决问题，此问题难度较大。Answer常与question搭配使用，表示回答问题，此问题难度较小。14. He thinks the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to.他认为（解决问题的）第一步是找到你信任的能与之交谈的人。这是一个主从符合句。这个主从句较为复杂，既有宾语从句，又有定语从句。其中“the first step is to find someone you trust to talk to”是宾语从句，作动词thinks的宾语从句。而“you trust”又是一个定语从句，修饰先行词someone。动词不定式to talk to也作定语，修饰someone 动词不定式to find someone you trust to talk to在句中作宾语从句得表语。动词不定式可在句中作表语。My job is to feed the animals.我的工作就是喂动物。trust动词，意为“信任；相信” Trust to sth 依赖某物，依靠某物trust in sb信仰某人，对某人有信心 Do you trust in God？你信封上帝吗？15. students often forget that their parents have more experience.学生们经常忘记他们的父母拥有更多的经验.experience此处用作不可数名词，意为“经验”Mrs Green has a lot teaching experience.格林夫人有许多教学经验。experience用作可数名词时，意为“经历”。16. In English，we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it in half.在英语中，我们说分享一个问题就像把它一分为二。Share及物动词，意为“分享”。share sth with sb意为“与某人分享某事”Let's share the happiness with your parents.咱们去与你得父母共享快乐吧！in half“分成两半” Do you know how to cut the cake in half？你知道怎样把这个蛋糕切成两半吗？17. who else can you get advice from？你还能从其他谁那儿得到建议？else此处用作形容词，意为“其他的，别的”常位于疑问句代词不定式之后。What else can you see in the picture？在图片中你还能看到其他什么？Is anyone else going to the party？get advice from意为“从.获得建议”You can get advice from your parents.你可以从你的父母那儿获得建议。