2022年中考英语专题复习十八书面表达的考点讲解和训练 .docx

精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -中考英语专题复习十八：书面表达的考点讲解和训练【考点扫描】书面表达是每年中考必考题型,是考查同学交际才能的一个重要组成部分.书面表达通常有三种形式：1、书信、日记、通知、留言、假条.2、看图作文.3、依据汉语提示作文.无论是那一种书面表达形式,考生所写的短文都要紧扣主题、文理通顺,要素完整,语言精确、得当、格式正确、无大、小写和拼写错误,标点符号正确,能达到交际目的.【名师解难】一. 训练方法1. 记.认真系统复习和背诵基础学问和美丽的句子、句型.中国有句古话,叫“熟读唐诗三百首,不会吟诗也会作”.同样,要使自己具有较强的写作才能,第一应当熟读和背诵一些句型和短文.很多同学写出来的语言根本不符合英语的语言习惯,相当一部分 人有对比中文逐字翻译的不良习惯,不去理睬中英文的差异.大量的背诵和阅读是提 高写作才能的有效方法,同学们如有大量的现成语言积存在脑海里,自己写起文段来,就可以做到脱口而出,或是仿照、套用,甚至发挥.2. 练.每练一篇书面表达题,都要真正学到一点东西,不行贪多而边学边忘.平常可以采纳循序渐进、敏捷多样的练习方式.从依据提示词写单句开头,到写单句,然后到写几句话,最终到写流利的文段.尽量尝试多种形式的写作,如短信、说明、通知、便条、明信片、看图写作、依据表格或记录写短文等.3. 写.要进行实战写作.要求自己在20 分钟内写出100 个词的短文,并且质量高、内容全、形式正确.这样形成习惯,考试时就能得心应手.二. 应试策略1. 审题目 ：要切中题意.中考考试说明指出,书面表达要切中题意.怎样才能切中题意？就是要认真审题,看到考题后,先不要急于动笔,要认真看清题目要求的内容.在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面,确定短文的中心思想,不要匆忙下笔,看懂 题意,依据图画、图表、提纲或短文供应的资料和信息来审题.审题要审格式、体裁、可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、的点等.2. 圈要点 ：防止遗漏要点.要点是给分的一个重要因素.为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点, 同学们要充分发挥自己的观看力,把情形中给出的各个要点逐条列出.3. 列提纲 ：为写作做好预备.依据文章要点短文的中心思想将主要句型、关键词语登记,形成提纲.4. 定基调 ：定出时态、人称、次序、开头、结尾.5. 写全文 ：写短文时要做到以下六个方面：1防止使用汉语式英语,尽量使用自己熟识的句型.几种句型可交替使用,以防止重复和呆板.2多用简洁句型,记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型.可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句.不用或少用非谓语或情态动词等较复杂的句型.3留意语法、句法学问的敏捷运用.1）语态、时态要精确无误.2）主谓语要一样,主语的人称和数要和谓语一样.3）留意人称代词的宾格形式.4）留意冠词用法,例如：He is an honest student.中的 an 不能写成a.5）留意拼写、 标点符号和大小写, 例如：receive, believe, fourteen, forty, ninth, restaurant等.4描写人物时,要生动详细,例如：1）外表特点：tall, short, fat, thin, strong, weak, ordinary-looking等. 2）服饰颜色：red, yellow, blue, white, green, brown, black等. 3）内心境域：glad, happy, sad, excited, anxious, interested 等. 4）感情描写：love, like, hate, feel, laugh, cry, smile, shout等. 5）动作描写：come, go, get, have, take, bring, fetch等.5上下文要连贯. 上下文的连贯性也是评分的一条原就,因此同学们应把写好的句子,依据故事情节,事情发生的先后次序（时间或空间）,使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理,使文章连贯、自然、流畅.同学们应留意下面过渡的用法：1）表示并列关系的：and, as well as, or）表示2转折关系的：but, yet, however）3表示时间关系的：when, while, after, before, then, after that）表示因果4 关系的：so,therefore ,as a result）表示目5的的：in order to, in order that , so as to, so that）6可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -表示列举的：for example , such as）7表示总结性的：in general, in all, in a word,generally speaking 6不会表达,另辟蹊径.中考作文给分是以要点和语言精确度而定,不以文采打分.造句越简洁精确越好,造复合句简洁出错,简洁被扣分,阅卷场上有句话：“错误面前人人公平,文采好不加分”.如遇到个别要点表达不出来或难以表达,可采纳变通的方法,化难为易,化繁为简.总之,所造句子要正确、得体、符合英语表达习惯.6.改病句 ：认真检查,改正错误.中考作文时,由于时间紧、内容多,同学们出错在所难免.因此,改错这一环节必不行少.中考作文评卷是依据要点、语言精确性、上下文 的连贯性来给分,依据错误多少来扣分.因此,中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要.检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：1）格式是否有错.2）拼写有无错误.3）语言是否用错.4）时态、语态错误.5）标点错误.6）人称是否用错.三. 留意事项书面表达要特殊留意书写工整,卷面干净. 每年阅卷老师在十来天的时间里要看十几万考生的作文,工作量之大,时间之紧,可想而知.书写是否工整,卷面是否干净与得分高低直接有关.【中考范例】VII.书面表达假如你叫张强.请依据下面美国伴侣Bob 的来信内容,结合你自己的情形写一篇语言连惯、符合规律的英文回信.要求： 1. 认真阅读来信的内容,从中获得你需要的信息.2. 词数： 80 左右.回信的开头、结尾已给出,但不计入总词数.留意：回信中不得显现你的真实的址和所在学校的名称.Dear friend,Hello ； I myour new friend.My name is Bob. I mfifteen. I mAmerican.I livein New可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -York.I am a middle school student. I m good at maths. It is very interesting. My favoorut riiste spbasketball. And I am not only a basketball fan but also a good player. I like pop music. My friends and I often sing pop songs together.After school, I am interested in getting on-line. I have knowna lot about China from the Internet. Now IrnminlgeaChinese. I hope I will visit your country one day.Please writeto me and tell me something about your life. I mlookingforward to hearing from you.Yours, BobDear Bob,Yours, Zhang Qiang【解析】 依据前面提到第六个步骤,我们来写一下这篇书面表达.1.审题目：通过审题目我们可以知道：本篇书面表达应是写一封回信,写信人是张强,收信人是 Bob,信的内容应是介绍张强自己的情形.2. 圈要点：依据来信判定,写回信必需包括以下要点：1、收到对方的来信.2、情愿和对方交伴侣. 3、自己的姓名、年龄和住址.4、自己的身份、特长和爱好.5、自己的期望.3、列提纲： 1. got your letter 2. glad to be your friend3. name, zhang Qiang, fifteen, live in Shaanxi 4. a middle school student,like English, like sports, good at drawing, 5. hope we ll meet in China可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -4、定基调： 1. 时态： 收到来信用一般过去时,介绍情形用一般现在时,期望用一般将来时.2. 人称用第一人称.3.可按提纲的次序来写.4. 开头和结尾题目已经给出.5、写全文： Dear Bob,I got your letter yesterday. I m very glad to be your pen friend. My name is Zhang Qiang. I fifteen years old, too. I live in Shaanxi.I m a middle school student, too. I like English and physics very much. I also like sports, but I m good at drawing. I know a little about America. Could you tell me something more about yourcountry in your next letter.I hope we ll meet in China some day. I m sure we ll have a good time together. Please write to me soon.Yours, Zhang Qiang6、改病句：认真复查一边,如有错误,加以改正.【满分演练】（ 1）华山是中国名山之一.假设外国友人到你校参观后,预备去旅行.请依据以下要点向外国友人简洁介绍华山（the Hua Mountain ） 1位于陕西东部,是中国闻名的旅行胜的,每年有大批中外游客前去旅行观光.2乘汽车去大约要花1 个小时.也可以乘火车去.3登山便可领会其云海（the sea of clouds）、奇松（ wondrous pines）、怪石（ unique rocks）等秀丽的风景及早晨漂亮的日出.留意：1字数： 80 词左右.2请不要逐字翻译.（ 2）依据提示和要求完成下面短文可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -假如你（ Li Lei ）在去年夏令营熟识的一个伴侣Jim 从英国给你寄来一件礼物 一件红色的衬衫,并附有一封信.在信中他向你问好,他想知道你近来在忙些什么.请你给他写 一封回信（ 100 个词左右）表示感谢.回信要包括以下内容：1. 向 Jim 问好并对他表示感谢.2. 礼物是你最喜爱的颜色,尺寸很合适,你特别喜爱.3. 告知Jim 你近来很好,上周刚过完生日,生日聚会很喧闹.询问Jim 的近况,并表示期望他能来中国.留意 1. 信的格式已经给出.2. 信中不得使用真实的人名、的名.（ 3）依据中文意思和英文提示词语,写出意思连贯、 符合规律的英文文段.所给英文提示词语必需都用上,中文提示内容不必逐句翻译,每组英文提示所写出的句数不限.今日是 6 月 23 日星期日,天气晴朗.你和你的同学张宏参观了西安市动物园.那里的动物特别好玩,人见人爱.当你看到有位游客在向猴子投喂食物时,就上前阻挡并说请你用英文写一篇日记,记述今日的经受.（请留意日记格式）1 fine day, sun, bright 2 visit, Beijing Zoo3 animal, so interesting, people, love 4 see, visitor, throwto, stop, say（ 4）依据中文设置的情形、英文提示词语以及表格所供应的信息,写出语法正确、 意思连贯、符合规律的英文文段.留意 1. 字数 6080.2. 所给的英文提示词语及表格所供应的信息必需都用上.（可适当发挥）3. 发言稿的开头和结尾已给出.假设你是张斌, 今年暑假你将参与学校组织的赴加拿大“绿色之旅 ”夏令营活动. 请你预备一篇在开营式上的自我介绍发言稿.name, Zhang Bin, fifteen years old , live in Xian, favorite subject, biology可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -InterestFree Time ActivitiesFuture JobHope可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_drawinggo camping,draw pictures of plants, enjoy the singing of birds in naturebiologist, grow upgood friends,do one s best, make the earth 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Dear friendsI m very glad to introduce myself to you. That s all. Thank you for listening.（5）依据中文提示和英文提示词语写一篇短文.今年暑假, 有一批美国中同学要来你们学校拜访.请你写一篇有关西安的简介,以便和他们沟通.留意： 1.字数 100 左右.2.必需使用所给英文提示.Capital of Shaanxi,Lie in the Northwest, many places of interest, autumn, best season（6）看图写话.依据以上四幅图和提示词语,写出一篇语法正确、意思连贯、语句通顺、 符合规律的短文,开头已给出.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -要求： 1. 表达要用第三人称.2. 词数 6080 个左右.3. 要表达自己的看法或想法.4. 选用以下词语：rush hour, cross, make sure, come over, traffic rules Last Monday, Tim got up at 7:40 in the morning.（ 7）请你参考图文提示,写一篇6080 词的短文.留意： 1. 语言规范,语意完整,内容丰富.2. 表达符合图意,书写规范.3. 给出自己的观点.4. 文章的开头已给出.参考词： pollute, turn off the tap 水龙头 , dry, save节省vt., water resources 水资源 From the pictures we know that （ 8）请依据下面四幅图,写一篇70 个单词左右的短文.文章开头已经给出,不算入总词汇数内.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -参考词汇：on fire着火 firefighter n. 消防员 put out灭火Jack was woken up by the shouting“ Fire. Help. Fire. Help.”（ 9）看图写话.要求： 1. 依据图画所供应的语境,写出意思连贯、语言流畅、语法精确、符合规律的短文.2. 至少使用两种时态,70 词以上.不得使用真实姓名、的名、学校名.3. 标题和第一句已给出,但不计入70 词之内.TAKING CARE OF TREESOne day Lin Tao and Mei Mei were playing in the garden.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -（ 10）依据所给图画用英语写一篇约80 词的短文.11假如你所在的学校要出一期英语壁报.你预备就自己经受的一件事写一篇英语短文向壁报投稿. 下面五幅图记录了你上个星期六与老师和同学到南河边参与植树活动的全过程.请你就以下五幅图写一篇英文短文.留意： 1. 短文内容要包括全部图画中的主要内容2. 词数： 70 903. 生词提示：桶 bucket 锄头 hoe可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -（ 12）请依据下面6 幅图和表格的提示,写一篇题为“Changes in Our Hometown ”的英语短文.（词数： 5080,不包括已经给出的单词）内容要点：过去现在旧房高楼河水污浊河水清亮步行、骑自行车乘公交车、小汽车Changes in Our HometownOverthepast tenyears,great changes havetakenplaceinourhometown.Inthe past, 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -【练习答案 】1参考答案：The Hua Mountainis one of the most famous mountains in China. It lies inthe east of可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Shaanxi.Every year thousands of Chinese and foreigners pay a visit there. Itot far from here. s n可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_It takes you about one hour to get there by bus. You can also go there by train. When you are at thetop of the mountain, you ll find clouds, wondrous pines and unique rocks around you. In the early morning when the sun rises, the sky loo ks very beautiful. It s really a nice place to visit.2参考答案：36 Zhonghua street Xi;an, China June21st, 2022Dear Jim：How are you. Many thanks for the shirt. I m very happy to hear from you again. I love the shirt very much, Jim,and red is my favourite colour. You remembered. It s just my size. Every time I wear it, I will think of you.I m fine here in China. Last week I had a birthday party. Many of my classmates came and my mother made us a lot of good food. We really had a wonderful time together. How are youdoing in England, Jim. I miss you very much. I always miss the days we were together last summer. I hope you can come to China someday.Please write back soon.Your friend,Li Lei3参考答案：Sunday June 23rd可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -It was a fine day today and the sun was bright. I visited Xian Zoo with my classmate, Zhang Hong. The animals there were so interesting that all the people loved them. When I saw a visitorthrowing food to the monkeys, I went/ran to stop him/her and said,“ Animals are our friends andwe must take good care of them.”4参考答案：Dear friends,I m very glad to introduce myself to you. My name is Zhang Bin. Im fifteen years old. I live in Beijing. One of my favoritesubjects is biology. I m interested in drawing. In my free time, I often go camping, draw some pictures of plants, and enjoy the singing of birds in nature. I want tobe a biologist when I grow up.I feel lucky to join you. I hope we can be good friends and do our best to makeThat s all.Thank you for listening.5参考答案：Xi an is the capital of Shaanxi with a long history. There are many places of interest, such as the Dayan Pagoda, the Xiaoyan Pagoda, the Bell Tower and the Terra Cotta Warriors. Since it liesin the Northwest of China, the winter here is long and it sometimes snows. Autumn is the bestseason in Xi an, for it s neither too cold nor too hot. One of the most famous traditional foods is“ Yangroupao ” .6参考答案：Last Monday, Tim got up at 7:40 in themorning. It was the rush hour. He rode his bike toschool very fast. He was crossing the street when a car came at that moment. Tim s bike hit and he fell to the ground heavily. The driver was very kind and stopped to make sure that Tim wasall right. Then a policeman came over. He told Timto ride more slowlynext time and it was dangerous. Tim thanked him and went to school. Allof the young men should obey the traffic rules.7可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 13 页,共 16 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -参考答案：From the pictures we know that much water has been polluted. Some factories are pouring waste water into rivers and lakes. The water becomes dirtyand lots of fish have died. Many people often waste water. For example, they often forget to turn off the taps. If we don htaveenough water, land will be dry and crops will die. We can t live without water. So we should tryour best and encourage everyone to protect waterresources. We must save water and stop polluting it. If we do that, Things will be much better.8参考答案：Jack was woken up by the shouting “ Fire.Help. Fire. Help.W”h at had happened. Helooked out of the window. Wow. He found that his neighbour s house was on fire. Jack jumped off the bed and rushed to