2022年人教版高一英语必修宾语从句与表语从句详细讲解及练习.docx

精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -名词性从句在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句. 名词性从句的作用相当于名词, 因此主语从句、表语从句 、宾语从句和同位语从句分别作主句的主语、 表语、宾语和同位语.主语从句： Who will win the match is still unknown.宾语从句： I want to know what he has told you.表语从句： The fact is that we have lost the game.同位语从句： The news that we won the game is exciting.引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：连接词 不充当从句的任何成分 ：that ,whether ,if连接代词： what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever连接副词： when ,where ,how ,whyObject Clauses宾语从句一、宾语从句的概念：宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语.位置：通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后. 句子结构：主句+连词 引导词 + 宾语从句e.g.She asked if these answers were right. We can learn what we do not know.He will talk to us about what he saw in the U.S.A.I don t knowwhere we will hold the meeting.通过观看,我们可以知道宾语从句的语序用陈述语序：连接词 +主语+谓语+其他成分1) Could you tell me .A. you will get here whenB. when will you get hereC. get here when you willD. when you will get here2) Mother asked his son what for lunch at school.A. did he hadB. does he hadC. he hasD. he had3) Pointing to the young plant, he asked me that was the one we had seen in the picture.A. whatB. ifC. whereD. how二、连接词1、从属连接词 不充当从句的任何成分 ： that ,whether ,if1）、 I hear that he will be back in an hour.2）、I want to know if /whether he will go to the park with us用 it 做形式宾语的宾语从句时,it 常可以放在动词think,find,consider, believe, feel,make 等后作为形式宾语, 而真正的宾语 that 从句就放在句尾）（此时 that 肯定不行以省略）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -I think it necessary that you should read English aloud.We heard it that she would get married next month.3、that 从句位于句首时, that 不行省略.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_That he ever said such a thing I simply don 4、if 和 Whether 的区分t believe.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1）、由 连词 if 、 whether 引导的表示 “是否”的宾语从句. Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分,一般情形下,whether 和 if可以替换.例： I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow.2）、下面几种情形只能用whether和不定式连 whether to do sth.用作宾语时不用if 引导.例： Whether to go there hasnt been decided.They asked me whether to go shopping.宾语从句中有 or not 时不用 if 引导.例： I don t know whether the star will come or not.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if 引导例： I m thinking owf hether we should go fishing.宾语从句提前时：例： Whether this is true or not, I cant say.练习： 1. I asked her she had a bike.2. We re worried about he is safe.3. I wonder he is well.4. I don t know or not he is well.5. I don t know to go.2、连接代词和连接副词连接代词： what, who, whom, whose, which, wh+ever连接副词： when ,where ,how ,why由于连接代词或副词连接主句和从句,并在从句中担任句子成分,具有肯定的意义,不行省略.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Do you know what he said just now.I don t remembwehren we arrived.I asked him where I could get so much money.Please tell me who whom we have to see.1. Wang Hai told me he didn't go hiking yesterday afternoon（.how, why）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. Can you tell me else is going to be on duty today（. who, whom）3. He always thinks he can do bette（r. how, who）4. They don't know we are going hiking. when, what可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -5. I don't know so many people crowding round him. how, why6. Do you know shirt it is. whose, who s三、时态1. 主句用现在时或将来时,从句可用任何时态,依据实际情形而定I know that he lives here.I know that he lived here ten years ago.I have heard that he will come tomorrow.2.假如主句是过去的时态（一般过去时,过去进行时）,从句的时态肯定要用相对应的过去的某种时（一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时）I knew who lived here.I saw that she was talking with her mother.He said that his father had gone to Beijing.3. 从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时,仍用一般现在时.He told the boy that three and three is six.He told me that the earth moves around the sun.1. The young man asked it's summer or winter.A. eitherB. thatC. weatherD. whether2. We don't know they did it.A. howB. whoC. whatD. which3. The teacher asks us Jim can come back on time.A. thatB. ifC. whenD. what time4. Does anybody know we will have a sports meeting this weekend or not.A. ifB. whereC. whetherD. that5. Could you show me .A. how can I get to the stationB. where is the stationC. how I could get to the stationD. how I can reach the station8. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see .A. who is heB. who he isC. who is itD. who it is10. He says that if it tomorrow, he fishing.A. will rain, won't goB. rained, wasn't goC. rains, won't goD. rain, will goPredicative Clauses表语从句This is his job. This is what he does every day.（）（） 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -一般结构是 “主语+系动词 +表语从句 ”.系动词有那些了 . 常见的系动词分为三种：A 表示特点和状态：be, look, sound, taste, smell, seem, appea等r B表示由一类状态转为另一类状态：get, become, grow, turn, fall, go, come, run等 C表示某种状态的： remain, keep, prove, continue, stay等从句连接词分为三类：引导表语从句的连接词一般不省略.连接词: that / whether /as if /as though if 不引导表语从句 连接代词 : who / whom / whose / which / what连接副词 : when / where / why / how / because用横线画出表语从句： The question iswhether we can rely on him.That is becausewe were in need of money at that time.He looked as if he was going to cry.That is whyI was late. 过观看,我们可以知道表语从句的语序也是用陈述语序留意：1、that 引导的表语从句, that 仅起连接作用,无意义,在句中不作任何成分,通常不行省略.这种从句往往是对主句主语的内容起进一步说明的作用.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The fact is that he hasn t yet recofrvoemr Our purpose is that he can realize his faults.* 名词主语 +be+that 引起的表语从句illness.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_表示事实,真理的名词,如：fact, truth 表示看法,观点、问题、麻烦的名词,如：idea, opinion, belief, view, news, advice, feeling, suggestion, plan, trouble, question, problem等The fact is that our team has won the game.The truth is that she was the very person we are looking for.2. whether 引导的表语从句,连接词whether 起连接作用,意为“是否、到底、到底”在句中也不作任何成分（留意：if 不能引导表语从句 .The question is whether we can rely on him.What the doctor doubts is whether my mother will recover from the disease soon.3、连接代词 what,which,who,whom,whose 除在句子中起连接作用外,仍可在从句中从当主语、表语、定语,且各有各的词义.Tom is no longer what he used to be.The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job.The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -4. 连接副词 where, when, why, how除在句中起连接作用外, 在从句中仍充当时间、 的点、方式、缘由状语,本身具有词义.That wshere I can t agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties.My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.5. 其他连词 as if, because, as, as though引导的表语从句because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/It is because, ”结构中.as if/though 引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become等后面,常用虚拟语气,表示不存在的动作或状态.It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door.My anger is becauseyou haven t written to me for a long time.1. That s thetyPcaarlled on us to do.A. whyB. whatC. howD. that2. The reason is he is unable to operate the machine.A. becauseB. whyC. thatD.Whether3. She looked she were ten years younger. A.thatB.likeC.asD.as though4. Jane is no longer she was four years ago.A. whatB.whichC. thatD.when5 your father wants to know is getting on with your studies.A. What; how are youB. That. how you areC. How.that you areD. What.how you are6. The trouble is we are short of tools.A. whatB. thatC. howD. why that7. America was was first called“ India” by Columbus.A. whatB. whereC. the placeD. there where8. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer .A. what it used to beB. what it was used to beingC. what it used to beingD. what it was used to be9. he really means is he disagrees with us.A. WhatthatB. ThatwhatC. WhatwhatD. Thatwhat10. The energy is makes the cells able to do their work.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. such可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -综合练习：1 I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week Is that you had a few days off.A whyB whenC whatD where 2 I ask her come with meA if she willB if will sheC whether will sheD will she 3 It was a matter of would take the positionA whoB whoeverC whomD whomever 6 It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wantsA howeverB whateverC whicheverD whenever8 Go and get your coatIt's you left itA thereB whereC there whereD where there 9 I wonder how much A does the watch costB did the watch cost C the watch costedD the watch costs10 It was he said disappointed me A what.thatB that.thatC what.whatD that.what11 "Is Mary from New York City." "I don't know"A from what city does she come fromB from what city she come C what city does she come fromD what city she comes from13 Have you seen Henry lately. My boss wants to know _ A how he is getting alongB how is he getting along C what he is getting alongD what is he getting along15 You can t imagine w_hen they received these nice Christmas presents A how they were excitedB how excited they wereC how excited were theyD they were how excited16 Why the explosion occurred was the laboratory attendant had been careless A forB becauseC sinceD that17 We gave him help we couldA whichB whatC thatD this 20 Where do you think .A has he goneB has he beenC he's goneD was he可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 6 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载