2022年八级下册第四单元---- .docx

精品_精品资料_（优秀）八年级下册第四单元-He said I was hard-working.【This is all】一、直接引语和间接引语（一）直接引述别人的原话,叫做直接引语.用自己话转述别人的话,叫做间接引语,间接引语一般构成宾语从句.直接引语必需放在引号内,间接引语就不用引号.直接引语改为间接引语时,除将引语部分变成宾语从句外,仍必需对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、的点状语等进行转变.1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时,通常受转述动词said, asked 等的影响而使用过去化的时态, 即把原先的时态向过去推,也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时,现在进行时变为过去进行时等.eg: Tom said to me,“ My brother is doing his homework.” Tom told me that his brother was doing his homework.2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、的点状语等等的变化.依据意义进行相应的变化.eg: She asked Jack,“ Where have you been.” JacSkhwe haesrkeedhe had been.He said,“ These books are mine.” He said that those books were his.（二）直接引语改为间接引语时,都使用陈述语序,但是由于原句的句式不同,所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同.1. 陈述句的间接引语陈述句由直接引语变间接引语,通常由that 引导,可以省略.eg: “ I want the blue one. he told ”us.我想“要蓝色的. ”他说. He told us that he wanted the blue one. 他说他想要蓝色的.She said to me,“ You can t settle anythi她ng对n我ow说. ： “此刻”你无法解决任何事情.”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ She told me that I couldn t settle anythin她g 对the我n说.2. 疑问句的间接引语那时候我无法解决任何事.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_直接引语假如是疑问句,变成间接引语后,叫做间接疑问句.间接疑问句为陈述语序,句末用句号,动词时态等的变化与间接陈述句相同.引述动词常用ask, wonder, want to know, inquire.间接疑问句一般有三种：(1). 一般疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether 或 if 引导.eg:H“as he ever worked in Shangha i. ” Jim asked.他在上“海工作过吗？ ”吉姆问. Jim asked whether/if he had ever worked in Shanghai. 吉姆问他是否在上海工作过.“Can you tell me the way t o the hospital.The”old man asked.那个老人问： “你能告知我去医院的路吗？ The old man asked whether/if I could tell him the way to the hospital.那个老人问我是否能告知他去医院的路.(2). 特别疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,仍由原先的疑问词引导.eg:“Which room do you live in.” He“你as住ke哪d.个房间？ ”他问我. He asked me which room I lived in.他问我住哪个房间.“What do you think of the film.She ask”ed.她问 “你怎么看这部电影？ ” She asked her friend what she thought of the film.她问她的伴侣怎么看这部电影.(3). 挑选疑问句由直接引语变为间接引语时,由whether/if引o导r .如：“ Is it your bike or TomMum askse.d. 妈妈问： “这是你的自行车仍是汤姆的？”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ Mum asked whether/if it was my bike or Tom3. 祈使句的间接引语妈妈问这是s我.的自行车仍是汤姆的.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_当祈使句变为间接引语时,间接祈使句的引述动词常用tell, ask, order, beg, request,order 等,而把直接祈使句变成带to 的不定式短语.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_eg:Jack said,Plea“se come to my house tomorrow, Mary.杰克说：”“玛丽,明天请到我家来.”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ Jack asked Mary to go to his house the next day.杰克请玛丽其次天到他家去.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The teacher said to the students,Stop talking“.老师”对同学们说：“不要讲话了. ”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ The teacher told the students to stop talking. 老师让同学们不要说话了.“Don t touch anything.” “H不e 要sa碰id任.何东西.”他说. He told us not to touch anyt hing. 他对我们说不要碰任何东西.4. 动词时态和代词等的变动1. 某些代词,限定词,表示时间或的点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规章如下： 直接引语间接引语today that daynow then, at that moment yesterday the day beforethe day before yesterdaytwo days beforetomorrowthe next day / the following daythe day after tomorrowtwo days after, / in two days next week/ month etc the next week/month etclast week/ month etcthe week / month etc. before here therethis that thesethose comego bringtake2. 假如引述动词为现在时形式,就间接引语中的动词时态,代词,限定词和表示时间或的点的副词不用变化.而假如引述动词是过去时,以上内容就要有相应变化.时态变化情形如下：直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时过去完成时 不变 一般将来时过去将来时cancouldmaymight【Just do it】直接引语与间接引语的转换1. My teacher said,“ The earth goes around the sun.”My teacher saidthe eartharound the sun.2. He says to me,“ You must get up early tomorrow.”Heme that get up early .3. They say,“ They are listening to the radio in this room now.”They say theylistening to the radio inroom.4. My father said to me,“ Don t play in the street.”My fatherme in the street.5. “ Do you have a book.” he asked.He asked me a book.6. “ You d better take the number 104 bus to the hospital, Tim.” I said. ITim the number 104 bus to the hospital.7. The girl said to me,“ I will come here this evening.”The girlme come evening.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_8. Tom told us not to read in bed.Tom us,“ in bed.”9. Mike asked me if I d go with him to see his teacher the following day.Mike me,“ go withto seeteacher.【This is all】二、重要句子1. I m mad at Marc我ia生. 玛茜娅的气.“ mad”在此意为“愤慨的,愤慨的”,be mad at.意思是“生的气”,“对发怒”,相当于be angry with, .eg. The teacher was mad at the boy. The teacher was angry with the boy. be mad about 意为“对迷的发狂” eg. I am mad about collecting stamps.get mad 意为“变疯,变的愤慨”eg. I got mad yesterday because of his lie. be mad for 意为“特别想要 -”She is mad for playing football.她特别想玩电脑嬉戏.2. Lana said she would bring some drinks and snacks to your house.“ bring.to. ”表示“（从别处把某人或某物）带来”.bring 的反义词是take,表示把某人或某物“带走（到别处）”.eg. Please bring the book to school tomorrow.Please take the empty cup away.3. You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this afternoon to return it.suppose 的基本意思是 “猜想.以为.假定 ”,其后常接宾语从句、不定时作宾语.如宾语从句为否定时,否定要前移.1） . suppose + that 从句,表示 “推测.假定 ”.eg： I suppose that you are right. 我想你是对的. I don t suppose that you are right. 我想你是错的.2） . suppose +名词 / 代词 + to be.,表示 “认为 是”.eg： Many people suppose him to be over 50. 很多人认为他已经50 多岁了.3） be supposed to do s.th.被期望 /应当做某事,相当于should,如与否定词连用,就表示“不许-,不行 -”. eg: You are supposed to learn a lot. 你应当多学点.Children are not supposed to play in the garden.不行让孩子在花园里玩.4. Lana said she wasn”t mad at Marcia anymore. 拉娜说她不再生玛西亚的气了.not anymore 不再. not 常位于 be 动词、情态动词或助动词之后,anymore 常位于句末,相当于no more.no more 常位于句中,放在be 动词之后、实义动词之前,两者常常可以互换.eg:He does not live here any more.他不在住在这儿了. =He no more lives here .辨析 :not any more/no more 与 not any longer/no longernotanymore=no more 表示数量或程度上的“不再”增加,通常修饰非连续性动词.Eg: The baby isn t crying anymore.=The baby is no more crying.这个婴儿不再哭了.notany longer=no longer 表示时间或距离上的“不再”延长,通常修饰连续性动词.Eg: I cant stand it any longer.我对此再也不能忍耐了.5. It s just that I find science really difficult.只不过我觉得科学真的挺难得.It s+强调部分 +that 此句是强调句型,正常的语序结构为：I just find science really difficult.在强调句型中,强调部分放在前面,其他部分置于that之后,强调部分通常为主语、宾语、表语、或状可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_语. Eg:It was Jim that broke the window yesterday.强调主语 昨天是吉姆打破窗户的.6.I said that was OK and that I was sure she would get over it . 我说行,我信任她会原谅我的.get over 克服（困难、偏见、问题等）,复原（健康、疾病等）,属于动词+介词结构. Eg: She cant get over her shyness. 她不能克服她的羞怯.It took him three months to get over his illness.他花费了三个月的时间克服疾病.over 系列：be over 终止look over 认真检查fall over（被）绊倒turn over 翻转 /滚 think over 认真考虑over and over again 一再、反复【Just do it】Complete the sentence.1. not anymorenot any longer(1) I m full, Ieat.(2) He said hewait for me.2. oninat about with to(1) They had a partya cool summer evening.(2) He likes travelingnight.(3) Yesterday he said he would have a tripa week.(4) Lucy got upsixthe morning yesterday.(5) They arrivedthe morning of April 14.(6) We will have a meetingFriday afternoon.(7) My mother was madme.(8) My teacher was angrymy mistakes.(9) I arguedmy teacherthe key.(10) I agreewhat you saidthe meeting.(11) My brother is madfootball.【To be strong】 .Complete the sentence .1. Lisa always gets nwhile she is waiting for her exam results.2. 假定 you had a million dollars how would you spend it.3. 信息 are usually sent by computers in the modern world.4. It isn t a good habit for you to c others homework. You should do it yourself or you may go to ask the teacher if you are not clear about it.5. My math teacher said I was hard-working, which is真的 .6. She said she was very lto meet her old friend at the station that day.7. It is his 自己的 idea that science is more important than English.8. Max told me that his grandpa was in good h.9. They have lived together as hand wife for years.10. Nothing 曾经 happens in this small village.11. Please give your rcard to your parents when you get back home.12. How many edo you need to put these letters in.13. The mountain is about 800 meters asea level.14. She said she was having a惊喜 party for Lana.15. What do you have to do to be a v. .Choose the correct answer.1. I told my classmates Uncle Wangthe TV set for us.A. will mendB. would mendC. is mendingD. can mend可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2. The police asked the man.A. where did he liveB. where does he live C. where he livedD. where he lives3. -was your summer holiday. - I enjoyed myself.A. HowB. WhereC. WhenD. What4. Tina said sheto the meeting the next Tuesday.A. won t goB. isn t goingC. wouldn t goD. wasn t go5. Thomas told us he wasn t madMarcia anymore.A. inB. withC. atD. to【To be perfect】Choose the correct answer.1. You shouldthe lessons since there will be an important test tomorrow.A. go overB. turn overC. get overD. look over2. Cheer up. I m sure you ll soonthe difficulty.A. get upB. get intoC. get overD. get to3. The teacher told us the eartharound the sun.A. wentB. goesC. goingD. move4. What happened“ Young Lives” last night.A. onB. inC. toD. of5. I was at Linda sohusea homework project when the UFO arrived.A. work onB. working onC. workD. working 6.- What s your sisters hobby. - She .A. is good at singingB. is well in singingC. is good at singD. do well in singing7. Ihego there by himself.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. think . won tB. think. isn t going toC. don8. Dad wanted to know. is Dt .thdionnk t t.hinwk ill可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. w hy didn t I thinmkath was interestingB. w hy I didn t thminakth was interestingC. why did I think math wasn t interestingD. why I thought math wasnt interesting9. They said theya birthday party at 9:00 last night.A. were havingB. are havingC. hadD. have10. “your dream ”was sung by Zhang Liangying for Beijing 2022 Olympic Games.A. Send upB. Open upC. Turn upD. Take up11. Sorry, I forgotthe book to school.A. bringingB. to bringC. takingD. to take12. It is very popularshort messages among young people today.A. to pass onB. pass onC. to pass toD. pass to13. People choose names like Alex and Fred because these names are.A. well knowB. well knownC. known wellD. know well14. I said to my daughter, “ Donmtake any mistakes in it.”= I my daughter any mistakes in it.A. asked. don t make B. ordere.d didn t makeC. told . not to make D. told . to not make15. “.” she asked her son.A. Where you have beenB. Where you wentC. Where had you beenD. Where have you been可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载