2022年初三英语期末复习知识点总结.docx

精品_精品资料_一、基础自测 : 1.Hea machine,itleaning the glass of the windows.A.found,is used toB.discovers;is used forC.invented; is used to D.inven ted;was used for 2.Scoops are used forthings.A.scoopsB.scoopedC.scoopingD.scoop 3.Do you know.A.were potato chips invented by mistakeB.was potato chips invented by mistakeC.potato chips were invented by mistakeD.potato chips was invented by mistake4.Salt tasted.It isin East and South China.A.sour;produced B.salt;produces C.salty;produced D.salty;producing 5.English isusefullanguage,isnit.tA.aB.anC.theD./6.In ancient China, cupsthree legsdrinking wine. A.with;were used for B.in;were used as C.with; were used to D.had;were used for 7.The kind of bookswell andout in this bookshop.A.sells; are sold B.sells;sells C.is sold; sellsD.is sold; is sold8.He is often heardEnglish in the park in the morning.A.reading B.to read C.read D.reads9.Don tmake such a little childat home alone at night.A.to stay B.stays C.stayed D.stay10.I saw a strangerinto our office quietly.A.came B.come C.coming D.to come11.Idon tknow if hehere tomorrow. If he,please tell me.A.will come,will comeB.comes,comes C.will come,comes D.comes,will come 12.If he canTom,he willthe last match.A.win,winB.beat,beat C.beat,winD.win,beat二、学问梳理：Unit 1可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一、学问点1. Check in :在旅社的登记入住.Check out:在旅社结账离开.2. By:通过 .方式（途径）.例：I learn English by listening to tapes.在 .旁边.例： by the window/the door乘坐交通工具例： by bus/car在之前,到为止.例：by October在 10 月前被例： English is spoken by many people. 3.how与 what的区分：how通常对方式或程度提问,意思有：怎么样如何,通常用来做状语、表语.what通常对动作的发出者或接受者提问,意思为什么,通常做宾语,主语.Whatthink of.How like .Whatdo with.How deal with.What like about. How like .What s the weather like today. Hows the weather today.What to do. How to do it.e.g. What do you think of this book.=How do you like this book.I don tknowwhatI shoulddowiththematter.=Idon tknowhowI shoulddeal withit.What do you like about China.=How do you like China.I do n t knowwhat to donext step.=I dont knowhow to do itnext step. What good / badweatherit is today.（weather为不行数名词,其前不能加a ） What a fine / baddayit is today.（ day 为可数名词,其前要加a ）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ aloud是副词 ,重点在 出声能让人听见 ,但声音不肯定很大 ,常用在读书或说话上.通常放在动词之后.aloud没有比较级形式.如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听. loud可作形容词或副词 .用作 副词时 ,常与 speak, talk, laugh等动词连用 ,多用于比较级 ,须放在动词之后.如 :She told us to speak a little louder.她让我们说大声一点. loudly是副词 ,与 loud同义 ,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人厌恶或打搅别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后.如:He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public.他不当众大声谈笑.5. voice指人的嗓音也指鸟鸣.sound指人可以听到的各种声音.noise指噪音、吵闹声6. join加入某团体并成为其中一员attend出席参与会议或讲座join in与 take part in指参与到某项活动中去.7. all 、 both、 always以及 every复合词与 not连用构成部分否定.其完全否定为：all-none,both-neither,everything-nothing,everybody-nobody.8. be afraid of doing sth. / sth.可怕 be afraid of being alone be afraid to do sth.可怕be afraid that唯恐担忧,表示委婉语气9. either：放在否定句末表示“也”两者中的“任一”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_10 .a,an与序数词连用表示“又一”,“再一”.例： Please give me a second apple.11. have trouble/difficult/problem in doing . 干 . 遇到麻烦,困难12. unless除非,假如不,等于“ifnot ”本身就表示否定 ,引导条件状语从句,主句为将来时 ,条件状语 从句用一般现在时表示将来.例： My baby sister doesn t cry unless she s hungry.=My baby sister doesn t cry if she isn t hungry.Unless you take more care, you ll have an accident.假如你不多加当心的话,你会出事的.13. instead: adv.代替,更换.例： We have no coffee, would you like tea instead？ 我们没有咖啡了,改喝茶好吗？It will take days by car, so let s fly instead.开车去要好几天了,咱们仍是坐飞机吧.Tom was ill, so I went instead.汤姆病了,所以换了我去.instead of doing sth.作为某人或某事物的替换 例： Let s play cards instead of watching TV. We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.Give me the red one instead of the green one.14. spoken口头的,口语的. spoken English口头英语speaking讲话的,说某种语言的.Speaking skills讲英语的才能可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ What/ how about +doing sth.如： What/ How about going shopping. Whydon tyou + do sth.如： Whydon tyou go shopping. Why not + do sth. .如： Why not go shopping. Let s + do sth.如： Let s go shopping Shall we/ I + do sth.如： Shall we/ I go shopping.16. too to太而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth.如： I m too tired to say anything.我太累了,什么都不想说.17. notat all一点也不根本不如：I like milk very much. Idon tlike coffee at all.我特别喜爱牛奶.我一点也不喜爱咖啡.not常常可以和助动词结合在一起,at all就放在句尾18. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth.= be excited to do sth.对感兴奋如：I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=I am excited to go to Beijing.我对去北京感到兴奋.19. end up doing sth终止做某事,终止做某事如：The party ended up singing.晚会以唱歌而终止. end up with sth.以终止 如：The party ended up with her singing.晚会以她的唱歌而告终.20. first of all首.先.to begin with一开头可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_21. also也、而且（用于确定句）常在句子的中间either也（用于否定句）常在句末too也 用于确定句 常在句末 =as well22. make mistakes犯错mistake sb. for把错认为make mistakes in doing sth.在干某事方面出错by mistake错误的.由于搞错mistakemistookmistaken如： I often make mistakes.我常常犯错.I mistook him for his brother.我错把他认成了他的哥哥.make a mistake犯一个错误如： I have made a mistake.我已经犯了一个错误.23. laugh at sb.笑话.取笑（某人） 如： Don t laugh at me.不要取笑我 .24. enjoy doing sth .喜爱做愿意做如：She enjoys playing football.她喜爱踢足球.enjoy oneself过得开心 如： He enjoyed himself.他过得开心.25. one of +the+形容词 zui高级 + 名词复数形式其中之一如： She is one of the most popular teachers.她是 zui受欢迎的老师之一.26. It s + 形容词 +for sb. to do sth. 对于某人来说 做某事如： It s difficult for me to study English.对于我来说学习英语太难了.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_27. practice doing练习做某事如：She often practice speaking English.她常常练习说英语.28. decide to do sth. 打算做某事如：LiLei has decided to go to BeiJing .李雷已经打算去北京.29. deal with处理 如： I dealt with a lot of problem.30. worry about sb./ sth.担忧某人 /某事如： Mother worried about his son just now.妈妈刚才担忧他的儿子.31. be angry with sb.对某人愤怒如：I was angry with her.我对她愤怒.32 . perhaps = maybe或许33. go by 时间 过去 如： Two years went by.两年过去了.34. see sb. / sth. doing观察某人正在做某事强调正在发生see sb. / sth. do观察某人在做某事如：如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.她观察他正在教室里画画.35. regard as 把看作为 .如：The boys regarded Anna as a fool.这些男孩把安娜看成傻瓜.36. too many很多修饰可数名词如： too many girls too much很多修饰不行数名词如： too much milkmuch too太修饰形容词如： much too beautiful37. change into将变为如： The magician changed the pen into a book.这个魔术师将这本书变为一本书.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_39. compare to 把与相比如： Compare you to Anna, you are lucky.你和安娜相比,你是幸运的.Unit 2一、学问点1. used to过去常常做某事, 暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态. 后跟动词原形 . used to do sth.There used to be.（反意疑问句） didn t there.否定形式为 : didn t use to或 usedn t to疑问形式为 : Diduse to . 或 Used to . be/get used to doing sth.习惯于 , to为介词 .2. wear表示状态 . =be in +颜色的词put on表示动作 .dress +人 给某人穿衣服 .dress sb. / oneself have on表示状态（不用于进行时态）5. 反意疑问句 : 陈述部分的主语为this, that,疑问部分主语用it;陈述部分主语用these, those,疑问部分用 they做主语 .例: This is a new story, isn t it.Those are your parents, aren t they. 陈述部分是there be结构 , 疑问部分仍用there例: There was a man named Paul, wasn t there.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_例: I am in Class 2, aren t I. 陈述部分与含有not, no, never, few, little, hardly, seldom, neither, none等词时 ,疑问部分用确定 .例: Few people liked this movie, didn t they.但陈述句中如带有否定前缀或后缀的单词时, 这个句子仍视为确定, 后面仍用否定 .例: Your sister is unhappy, isn t she. 陈述部分的 主语如为不定式或V-ing短语 , 疑问部分主语用it.例: To spend so much money on clothes is unnecessary, isn t it. 陈述句中主语是nobody, no one, everyone, everybody等指人的不定代词时,疑问部分用they做主语 ; 如陈述部分主语 是 something, anything, noting, everything等指事物的不定代词时, 疑问部分用 it做主语 .例: Nobody says one word about the accident, do they. Everything seems perfect, doesn t it.当主语是第 一人称 I 时, 如谓动为think,believe,guess等词时 , 且其后跟宾丛,这时疑问句部分的人称, 时态要与宾语从句保持一样, 同时仍要考虑否定转移.例: I don t think he can finish the work in time, can he. 前面是 祈使句 , 后用 will you.let s 开头时 , 后用 shall we.6. be terrified of可怕的程度比be afraid of深.8. no more 用在句中 =not any more 用在句尾 指次数 ; no longer 用在句中 =notany longer 用在句尾 指时间 .11. afford + n. /pron.afford + to do常与 can, be able to连用 .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_The film couldn t afford to pay such large salaries.12. as well as连词 , 不但而且强调前者 . 如引导主语 , 谓动与前者在人称和数上一样例: Living things need air and light as well as water.生命不仅需要水 , 仍需要空气和阳光 .I as well as they am ready to help you.不仅是他们 , 我也情愿帮忙你.13. alone = by oneself独自一人 .lonely孤独的 , 孤寂的 .17. be/ become interested in sth.对感爱好 be interested in doing sth.对做感爱好 show great interest in在方面产生极大的爱好 a place of interest一处名胜 some places of interest如： He is interested in math, but he isn t interested in speaking English.他对数学感爱好,但是他对说英语不感爱好. interested adj.感爱好的,指人对某事物感爱好,往往主语是人 interesting adj.好玩的,指某事物 / 某人具好玩味,主语往往是物 an interesting book / man18. 可怕be terrified of sth.如： I am terrified of the dog.be terrified of doing sth. 如： I am terrified of speaking.21 .spend动词,表示“花费金钱、时间” spend on sth.在某事上花费（金钱、时间）可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He spends too much time on clothes.他花费太多的时间在衣着He spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥.pay for花费如： I pay 10 yuan for the book.我花了 10 元买这本书.take动词 有“花费”的意思常用的结构有：It takes sb. to do sth. 如： It takes me a day to read the book.22. chat with sb.与某人闲聊如： I like to chat with him.我喜爱和他谈天.23. worry about sb./ sth.担忧某人 / 某事worry是动词be worried about sb./sth.担忧某人 / 某事worried是形容词如： Don t worry about him.不用担忧他.Mother is worried about her son.妈妈担忧他的儿子.24. all the time始终、始终25. take sb. to +的方送/ 带某人去某个的方如：A person took him to the hospital.一个人把他送到了医院.Lui took me home.刘把我送回了家. home的前面不能用 to26. hardlyadv.几乎不、没有hard困难的.猛烈的hardly ever很少hardly修饰动词时,通常放在助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前助动词 / 情态动词 hardlyhardly +实义动词如：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_I hardly have time to do it.我几乎没有时间去做了.It rains hard outside, I could hardly go out.27. in the last few years.在过去的几年内常与完成时连用如：I have lived in China in the last few years.在过去的几年内我在中国住.28. be different from与不同30. make sb./ sth. +形容词make you happymake sb./ sth. +动词原形make him laugh33. help sb. with sth.帮某人某事help sb. to do sth.帮某人做某事She helped me with English.她帮忙我学英语.She helped me to study English.她帮忙我学习英语.34. fifteen-year-old作形容词15 岁的fifteen-year-olds作名词指 15 岁的人fifteen years old指年龄15 岁如：a fifteen-year-old boy一个 15 岁的男孩Fifteen-year-olds like to sing. 15岁的人喜爱唱歌.I am fifteen years old .我是 15 岁.35 .支付不起can t /couldn t afford to do sth.can t / couldnt afford sth.如： I can t/couldn t afford to buy the car.I can t/couldn t afford the car.我买不起这个辆小车.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Zhou run as fast as her could/can.她尽她 zui快的才能去跑.37. get into trouble with遇到麻烦38. in the end zui后39. make a decision下打算下决心40. to ones surprise令某人惊奇如：to their surprise令他们惊奇to LiLei s surprise令李雷惊奇41. take pride in sth.以而骄傲如：His father always take pride in him.他的爸爸总是以他而骄傲42. pay attention to sth.对留意,留心如：You must pay attention to your friend.你应当多留意你的伴侣.43. be able to do sth.能做某事如：She is able to do it.她能够做到.44. give up doing sth.舍弃做某事如：My father has given up smoking.我爸爸已经舍弃吸烟了.复合句与简洁句的转化：when - at the age ofso that - too to . / enough toso that in order to do sth.because - because ofif .- without /with 可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_if-祈使句 + and / or +简洁句宾语从句 - 特别疑问词 + 动词不定式be afraidbe surethat +从句动词不定式be sorryIt seems / seemed that sbsb. seems / seemed to do sth.Sb. hopes / hoped thatsb. hopes / hoped to do sth.二、 短语1. be more interested in对更感爱好 .2. on the swim team游泳队的队员 .3. be terrified of可怕 .4. gym class体操课 .5. worry about.担忧 .6. all the time始终, 总是7. chat with与闲聊8. hardly ever几乎从不9. walk to school = go to school on foottake the bus to school = go to school by bus10. as well as不仅而且11. get into trouble遇到麻烦12. make a decision做出打算13. to one s surprise使某人惊讶的是可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_15. pay attention to留心, 留意16. consist of由组成 / 构成 .be made up of由组成 / 构成 .17. instead of代替 , 而不是18. in the end zui后, 最终19. play the piano弹钢琴Unit 3一、学问点1、被动语态英语有两种语态：主动语态和补动语态主动语态表示是动作的执行者被动语态表示主语是动作的承担者Catseatfish.（主动语态）猫吃鱼.Fishis eatenby cats.被动语态 鱼被猫吃.被动语态的构成由“ 助动词 be及物动词的过去分词”构成助动词 be有人称、数和时态的变化, 其变化规章与 be作为连系动词时完全一样.时被动语态结构例句态可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一般现 在amare + 过去分词Englishisspokenin many countries.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一般过 去时was + 过去分词were +过去分词Thisbridgewasbuilt in 1989.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_情can/should可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_态may+be+过去分动词The work must bedone right now.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_词must/被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者,或者只需强调动作的承担者时,要用被动语态.2. allow sb. to do sth.答应某人做某事（主动语态）如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night.妈妈答应我每晚看电视.be allowed to do sth.被答应做某事（被动语态）如： LiLy is allowed to go to Qinzhou.莉莉被答应去钦州. allow doing sth答应做3. get their ears pierced穿耳洞让/ 使（别人）做某事get sth. done过去分词 have sth. done如：I get my car repaired. = I have my car repaired.我让别人修好我的车I want to have my hair cut.我要理发 .4. enough足够可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_enough名词如： enough food足够食物enoughto足够去做如：I have enough money to go to Beijing.我有足够的钱去北京.She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了.5. stop doing sth.停止做某事Please stop speaking.请停止说话.stop to do sth.停止下来去做某事Please stop to speak.请停下来说话.6. 看起来似乎 sb. seem to do sth.= It seems that +从句He seems to feel very sa