没有被动语态的动词(4页).doc
-没有被动语态的动词-第 4 页 没有被动语态的动词一。常见的系动词look （看起来），sound (听起来)，taste （尝起来），smell （闻起来），feel（感到），go （变得），grow (变得)等。二、一些不能接宾语的动词短语也没有被动语态。1The war broke out in 1937.（break out,爆发)2The story took place in a small mountain village.(发生，take place)三、甚至有些及物动词和可以接宾语的动词短语要看他们作什么意思讲，有时也只能有主动语态而不宜于用被动语态。1We have six classes every day. (have,上课)2The hall can hold more than 500 people. (held,容纳)3The project lasted 14 years and cost I billion US dollars.(last,延续)4No dish suits all tastes. (suit,适合)类似的还有fit ,catch ,get ,take ,own ,meet 等。四、而有些动词和短语兼有及物和不及物两种用法，所以前者有被动语态，而后者没有。1He serves in the Navy Department. (服役，不及物)2Hamburger is served in this restaurant. (供应，及物)3The plane toke off at eight last night. (起飞，不及物)类似的还有look into （作往里看，不及物；作调查、研究，及物） look up (作好转，不及物；作查阅，及物)等。五、而如果及物动词后的宾语是反身代词，相互代词；或者宾语前面有和主语同一人物的物主代词；或者是同源宾语的动词，也常常不能转换为被动语态。例如：1The thief hid himself behind the door . (宾语为反身代词)2We should learn from each other. (宾语为相连代词)六、带宾语从句的句子常常没有被动语态1Marx found that his English was too limited.2I dont know where he lives.但是，如果主句的谓语动词是believe ,say ,know ,report 等，且宾语从句是由that ,whether引起的，则常可以用It is believed (say ,know ,report) that (whether)的句型。七、有些及物动词有其习惯性用法，常用主动代替被动：1It is a pretty material ,but it doesnt wash.比较：My shirt is usually washed by myself.2. The new Ford is selling badly.比较：All newspapers have been sold out.类似的还有clean ,lock ,write ,play ,start ,cut等。八、最后要说的是另一种情况：英语中有不少动词及动词短语常用被动形式来表示主动的含义。1Be seated, please!2We must be prepared for the worst.类似的还有be determined to ,be absorbed in , be gone , be married to , be hidden , be interested in and advanced mathematics ,experienced school , learned man 等中这些定语用的过去分词也是用过去分词表主动。I dreamed a good dream.我做了一个好梦一般不会说 A good dream was dreamed. AS的基本用法as . as用于比较句型,中间插入的是形容词或副词的原级。意思是"达到与什么相同的程度"。如：He is as strong as a horse. 他力大如牛。二、习惯用法1. as soon as意思是"一.就.",引导一个时间状语从句。如：I'll call you as soon as I finish my homework. 我一完成我的作业,就给你打电话。2. as long as意思是"长达.之久；只要."。如：She has searched the information about dinosaurs on the Internet as long as three hours. 她在因特网上搜索有关恐龙的信息已经长达三个小时。3. as much as意思是"高达.；与.一样多"。是用来表达极其多的语气。如：Some of the stones weigh as much as fifteen tons.有些石头重达15吨。 as.as用法：as.as意为"和一样"，表示同级的比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。其基本结构为：as+ adj./ adv. +as。例如： (1)This film is as interesting as that one.这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。 其否定式为not as/so +adj./ adv. +as。例如： This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。若有修饰成分，如twice, three times, half, a quarter等，则须置于第一个as之前。例如： Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.你的袋子比我的贵一倍。 几个关于as.as的常见句型： （1)as.as possible Please answer my question as soon as possible.请尽快回答我的问题。 (2)as.as usual/before She looks as pretty as before.她看起来和以前一样漂亮。 (3)as long as. (引导条件状语从句) It took us as long as three years to carry out the plan.我们花了长达三年的时间才完成这项计划。 (4)as far as He walked as far as the railway station yesterday evening.昨天傍晚，他一直散步到火车站。 (5)as well as She cooks as well as her mother does.她烧菜烧得跟她母亲一样好。 as.as的结构：as + 形容词或副词原级 + as1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so as。He cannot run so/as fast as you.2）当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式。 as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one.Your room is the same size as mine.4) 倍数+ as + adj. + as<=> 倍数+ then + ofThis bridge is three times as long as that one.This bridge is three times the length of that one.Your room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine.
