英语词性变换归纳及练习(6页).doc

-英语词性变换归纳及练习-第 6 页一、名词变为形容词的方法1. 在名词后面加-y可以变成形容词(尤其是一些与天气有关的名词)。例如：rainrainy, cloudcloudy, windwindy, snowsnowy, healthhealthy, lucklucky等。注意：1)如果名词以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写词尾的辅音字母再加-y。如：sunsunny, funfunny等。2)少数以不发音的e结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉e再加-y。例如：noisenoisy, iceicy 等。2. 一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful可以变为形容词。例如：carecareful, thankthankful, helphelpful, useuseful, beautybeautiful等。3. 一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish或-n构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。例如：ChinaChinese, JapanJapanese, EnglandEnglish, AmericaAmerican, IndiaIndian, Australia Australian(注意CanadaCanadian)。4.在名词后加-ous变为形容词。例如：dangerdangerous等。5. 在名词后加-ly变为形容词。例如：friendfriendly, lovelovely等。6.在名词后加-less构成含有否定意义的形容词。例如：carecareless(粗心的)，useuseless(无用的)，hopehopeless(没希望的)，homehomeless(无家可归的)等。7. 一些以-ence结尾的名词，把ence改为ent变成形容词。例如：differencedifferent, silencesilent等。二、动词变为名词的方法1.词形不变，词性改变。例如：work, study, water, plant等可以用作动词，也可以用作名词。2. 一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。例如：workworker, teachteacher, singsinger, jumpjumper, playplayer, learnlearner, visitvisitor, inventinventor等。注意：1)以不发音的e结尾的动词，在词尾加-r。例如：drivedriver, writewriter等。2)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-er。例如：runrunner, winwinner， beginbeginner等。3. 在动词词尾加-ing变成名词(方法与动词变为现在分词的方法相同)。例如： meetmeeting, buildbuilding, waitwaiting, washwashing, swimswimming, shopshopping, beginbeginning等。三、形容词变为副词的方法一般在形容词的词尾加-ly可以变成副词。例如：quickquickly, slowslowly, loudloudly, suddensuddenly 等。但是，以下几点值得注意：1. 一些以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词，要把y改为i再加-ly。例如：happyhappily, angryangrily, luckyluckily, heavyheavily, noisynoisily 等。2. 有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词，去掉e加-y。例如：possiblepossibly, terribleterribly等。3. 少数以e结尾的形容词，要去掉e再加-ly。例如：truetruly等。但绝大多数以e结尾的形容词仍然直接加-ly。例如：politepolitely, widewidely等。4. 以-l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly，而不是只加-y。除非是以-ll结尾的才在词尾只加-y。例如：usualusually, carefulcarefully, usefulusefully, fullfully等。1. Would you mind making a little less _? They are having a meeting at the moment. (noisy)2. The Smiths live on the _ floor of the highrise. (nine)3. All the great _ are respected（尊敬）by the world. (invent)4. My pet is a _ cat. She is very lovely. (male) 5. Ill do my homework more _ next time. (care)6. When you study a foreign language, its important to make a good _. (begin)7. Everyone knows such kind of books is _ to children. They shouldnt be sold at any bookstore. (harm)8. In the past punishment（惩罚）was decided by the university. The student had no _ but to accept it. (choose)9. Our teacher told us the _ story I had ever heard at yesterdays class meeting. (sad)10. The _ Lesson is very difficult but very important. You must learn it by heart.(twelve)11. They looked very _ in the idea. (interest)12. After they got on the bus, they found two _. (sit)13. Help _ to the fish, everyone. (you)14. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to get _ information about it. (far)15. A _ sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)16. He seemed very _. He got a D in the English test. (happy)17. Before you start this work, you should try to realize its _. (important)18. March 8 is _ Day. (woman)19. This book belongs to you. Where is _? (me)20. The visitors are _ students. (main)21. Do you know about the _ of the book? (write)22. Can you show me your _ of coins? (collect)23. To my _, I got full marks for maths last week. (surprised)24. In this new housing estate there stand a lot of high and magnificent _. (build)25. In winter, most of the rivers and lakes are _. It becomes a world of ice. (freeze)26. Then he slowly walked _ the house. (pass)27. Do you know who is the _ of the English contest? (win)28. Peter is very _. Im sure he will come to take care of your baby when hes asked to. (help)29. The Yangtze River is the _ longest river in the world. (three)30. _ to meet all of you here. (please)31. Now more and more gardens are being built in our _. (neighbour)32. Its very important for us to learn English _. (good)33. Both our teacher and my mother are satisfied with my _. (honest)34. Oliver Twist ate the cake _. (hungry)35. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies _. (hard)36. We are all pleased to hear that the _ went on very well. ( operate)37. The children in this kindergarten have been trained to take care of _ though they are only six years old. (they)38. Could you tell me who will give us a _ on childrens education? (speak)39. These modern machines work . (automatic)40. This cartoon film is _ than the one I saw last Saturday. (fun)41. Will you please tell me how much the _ is? (post)42. The twin sisters used to be _ in Hollywood. (act)43. Actions speak more _ than words. (loud)44. I am _ about my schoolwork because I haven't worked hard this term. (worry)45. Your pet dog is so _ that all of us like to play with it. (love)46. It has been snowing _ for a whole day. (heavy)47. We have been told the _ of the case. (true)48. Have you made your _ yet? (decide)49. People from Italy are called _. (Italy)50. I _ where he comes from. (wonderful)51. The weather in April is _, so youd better take more clothes with you. (change)52. Ferries come and go on the river as _ as boats. (quick)53. Listen, everybody, we will meet at the _ of the cinema at 4 pm. (enter)54. You cannot eat so much fast food, because it is _. (health)55. It is reported that three _ have been put into prison. (Canada)56. Time flies _ and never returns. (swift)57. We saw her running _ the street just now. (cross)58. Do English people shake hands as often as _? (Germany)59. We all know that theres no _ thing on the moon. (live)60. In order to make the trip _ for his children, Mr. Green kept the name of the destination (目的地) a secret. (excite)61. A _ team from China will arrive in America next week. (medicine)62. This morning I lost my handbag and this afternoon I fell off my bike and broke my leg. I think it is an _ day. (luck)63. Many students are not able to pay their college _. (expensive)64. British people eat a large number of . (potato)65. She seems an _ girl. (honesty)66. We tried all sorts of _, but they were all useless. (medical)67. The digital (数码) camera is one of the _ of the modern science. (wonderfully)68. I wouldnt do business with such a _ man. (fool)69. Carl looks much _ than before. (health)70. I was _ to meet Jane in a foreign country. (surprise)71. The mother was _ to the brave man who had saved her son. (thank)72. I happened to meet a group of _ on my way home yesterday. (France)73. The little boy can run a marathon in _ than three hours. (little)74. I was told that my class teachers daughter would leave _ school this July. (second)75. Its a _ to have a picnic with all the family members. (please)76. The lost calculator has been returned to its _. (own)77. Be sure to let me know whenever you are in _. ( dangerous)78. The completion (完成) of the big bridge made every one of us _ and happy. (exciting)79. The _ is not so good as we expected. (perform)80. What a _ day it is today! Shall we go to have a picnic in the countryside? (sun)81. The tall _ is one of my fathers best friends. (art)82. Have you decided to take the headmasters _? (advise)83. Even _, he lost his job. (bad)84. Please answer the _ questions. (follow)85. Many people became after the fire. (home)86. The of the restaurant is quite good. (serve)87. _ speaking, the computer has become an important part of our life. (general)88. I thought the _ was quite dull at yesterdays party. (recite)89. The _ of the river is still a secret. (long)90. No one knew why the baby kept . (cry)91. Life today is becoming harder and busier, so everyone should have his own way of _. (relax)92. In _ to hard work, we need some good ways to succeed. (add)93. I am fond of _ fiction. (scientist)94. Its _ of you to make such a decision. (wisdom)95. Quite a few _ houses have been built for the tourists around the lake. (wood)96. The passenger plane landed at last after flying in the storm for about one hour. (safe)97. My family have been to Beijing _ to climb the Great Wall. (two)98. One shouldnt give up easily if he is determined to _. (success) 99. Lauras husband works as a _ in a bank. (message)100. The harder you work; the _ progress youll make. (great)Keys：s 19.mine 20.mainly 21.writer 22.collection 23.surprise 24.building 25.frozen 26.past 27.winner 28.helpful 29. third 30.Pleased 31.neighborhood 32. well 33.honesty 34.hungrily 35. hardest 36.operation 37.themselves 38.speech 39.automatically 40. funnier 41.poster 42.actresses 43.loudly 44. worried 45.lovely 46.heavily 47.truth 48. decision 49.Italians 50. wonder 51.changeable 52.quickly 53.entrance 54.unhealthy 55.Canadians. 56.swiftly 57.across 58.Germans 59. living 60.exciting 61.medical 62. unlucky 63.expenses 64.potatoes 65.honest 66.medicine 67.wonders 68.foolish 69. healthier 70.surprised 71. thankful 72. Frenchmen 73.less 74. secondary 75.pleasure 76.owner 77.danger 78. excited 79.performance 80. sunny 81.artist 82.advice 83.worse 84.following 85.homeless 86. ser vice 87.Generally speaking 88.recitation 89.length 90 crying 91.relaxation 92.addition 93. science 94.wise 95. wooden 96. safely 97.twice 98. succeed 99. messenger 100.greater