2022年初中时态复习讲义3.docx

_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载中学英语动词时态复习I. 一般现在时1. 一般现在时的用法 1） 表示常常的或习惯性的动作,等）连用；常与表示频度的副词 （always, often, usually,every day例: He often goes swimming in summer. 他夏天常常游泳；2）表示现在的状态；例： My father is very busy. 我父亲很忙；3）表示主语具备的性格、特点和才能等；例： My sister is always ready to help others . 我妹妹总是乐于助人；4表示客观真理,客观存在,自然现象；例：Shanghai lies in the east of China. 上海位于中国东部；5）在条件状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将要发生的动作； （主将从现）例： I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告知他这个消息；2. 动词的第三人称词尾变化：当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s 或-es：规章 动词原形 第三人称单数一般在词尾加 -s play plays 以字母 s, x, ch, sh, o 结尾的词 pass passes 加 -es,读 iz,假如动词原形 fix fixes 词尾已有 e,就只加 -s；teach teaches wish wishes do does 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词,先 study studies 变 y 为 i, 再加 -es,读 z；carry carries 留意：动词 have 的第三人称单数是 has. 写出以下动词的单数第三人称形式；1. cook _2.watch_3.build_4.have_5.wash_ 6. enjoy _7. go _8 receive _9 cry_10. close _ 11. drive _ 12. choose _13. play _14. reach _ 巩固练习：1、Lucy likes going skating with her friends. （改写成否定句）_ 2、His watch costs 300 yuan. （变成一般疑问句并否定回答）_ II. 一般过去时1. 一般过去时的用法1）表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态；常和表示过去的时间状语 last week, an hour ago, just now, the other day, in 1982等连用；例： Where did you go just now. 刚才你上哪儿去了？yesterday, 2）表示在过去,常常或反复发生的动作；例： When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 巩固练习：1、 Yesterday I went swimming. 改写成否定句； _ _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 12 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载2、 He was born in Shanghai.对划线部分提问 _ 3 我昨天买了一辆新自行车；_ 2. 动词过去式的规章变化：构成规章动词原形动词过去式一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,look looked 结尾是 e 的动词在末尾加 -d play played work worked like liked live lived 词尾只有一个辅音字母的重读plan planned 闭音节, 此辅音字母, 再加 -ed stop stopped 词尾是“ 辅音字母 y”的动词,study Studied 先变“y” 为“i”再加 -ed worry Worried 写出以下动词的过去式形式；1. put _2. drink _3. cry _4. pull _5. ride _ 6.begin _7. sit _8. run _9. take _ 10.sweep _ 11. stop _ 12.die_ 13.prefer _ III. 一般将来时1.一般将来时的构成：shall）：表示将1 will+ 动词原形（ 在疑问句中,主语为第一人称时,常用助动词来某时要发生的动作或存在的状态；例： Shall we go to the zoo. 我们要去动物园吗？2 be going to +不定式,表示按方案,支配要发生的事；例： What are you going to do tomorrow. 明天准备作什么呢？表示确信如此或有迹象说明某事即将发生；例如： Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云,快要下雨了；come, go, arrive, 3 be + V-ing, 表示按方案或支配要发生的动作；留意：常见的有 leave 等；例： I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了；巩固练习：1. Mrs. Brown is going to buy a digital camera. （对划线部分提问）_ 2. Sam will visit Brazil next week. （变成一般疑问句并否定回答）_ 4. 他们今晚要去看足球赛；_ IV. 现在进行时 1. 结构： am/is/are+动词的现在分词 2. 动词 V-ing 的构成形式_精品资料_ 规章-ing 原形-ing 形式第 2 页,共 12 页一般在动词原形末尾加listen listening spending spend - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 以不发音字母e 结尾的动词,学习必备欢迎下载having have 先去掉 e,再加 -ing prepare preparing 以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如sit sitting 果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应begin beginning run running 先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ing lie lying 以 ie 为重读音节结尾的动词,先去掉 e,把 i 改为 y,再加 -ing die dying prefer preferring 以 er 结尾的动词, 如是重读音节结尾,先双写r,再加 -ing；water watering 反之,就直接加 -ing 写出以下动词的现在分词形式；1、win 2、relax 3、jump 4、make 5、have 6、talk 7、 tie 8、cheer 3. 现在进行时的用法：1 表示现在说话时正在发生或进行的动作；例： We are waiting for you now. 我们正在等你；巩固练习：1、Bruce often writes letters in English. （用 now 改写句子）_ 2、They are surfing. （对划线部分提问）_ 3、瞧,那些孩子们玩的真兴奋；_ 4、这些天工人们始终在尽力修补那些坏了的帐篷；_ 用所给动词的正确形式填空；1. Uncle Wang usually _ go to work by bike. 2. Be quiet . The patient _ sleep. 3、Look, a number of Young Pioneers _plant trees over there. V. 过去进行时 1. 结构： was/were+动词的现在分词 -ing 2. 过去进行时的用法：1 表示在过去某时刻正在进行或发生的动作,通常与准确的过去时间状语连用；例： At this moment yesterday, I was packing for camp. 巩固练习：1、Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.D. makes A. madeB. is makingC. was makingVI. 现在完成时_精品资料_ 1. 结构：助动词have/has + 过去分词cut find 第 3 页,共 12 页2. 写出以下动词的过去分词形式：bring catch do eat get forget - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - pay know 学习必备欢迎下载buy see come sleep spend tell 3. 现在完成时的用法1 表示过去发生的事情或进行的动作,终止于过去,对现在造成的影响；句中动词通常是短暂性动词；例如： Have you ever cooked at home. 你吃晚饭了吗？You have already grown much taller.你已经长高了很多；2 表示从过去开头连续到现在,并可能连续； 往往和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,如： for一段时间； since+过去时间点或从句； （Since 用来说明动作起始时间,for 用来说明动作连续时间长度） ,提问用 How long.例如： It has been five years since he joined the army .他参军五年了；They have learned English for eight years .他们已学了八年的英语了；3 留意的问题：1 短暂性的动词 appear, begin, borrow, lend, buy, close, come, die, fall, find, finish, join, kill, leave, sell, stop 不能与连续性时间（一段时间）连用；例如： He has joined the army for five years. （错误）He has been in the army for five years.正确 2 现在完成时不与详细的过去时间连用,如：等；yesterday, last week, in 1998, two days ago3 have/has been to 和 have/has gone to 的区分：have/has been to have/has gone to 4 比较一般过去时与现在完成时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或状态,强调动作,不和现在发生联系,常与详细的过去时间状语连用, 如 yesterday, last week, ago, in1980, in October, just now 等,；现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调的是现在的情形,不能与表过去的时间壮语连用；I saw this film yesterday. （强调看的动作发生过了）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响,电影的内容已经知道了）Why did you get up so early. （强调起床的动作已发生过了）He has been a League member for three years. （强调他是团员）巩固练习：1、-Do you know our town at all.-No, this is the first time I _ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 2、-Have you _ been to our town before. -No, it's the first time I _ here. A. even, come B. even, have come C. ever, come D. ever, have come 3、Do you know _. A. how long has he lived here B. how long he has lived here C. he has lived here how long D. he has lived how long here VII. 过去完成时1. 结构：助动词 had过去分词2. 过去完成时的用法：_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 12 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已完成的行为或存在的状态；去；常与“by/before+过去时间” 构成的短语连用；即发生的时间是过去的过例如： The train had already left before we arrived. 在我到达之前,火车已经开走了；He said that he had learned some English before. 他说过他以前学过一些英语；巩固练习 :1. You don't need to describe her. I _ her several times.A. had met B. have met C. met D. meet 2. -I'm sorry to keep you waiting. -Oh, not at all. I _ here only a few minutes. A. have been B. had been C. was D. will be3、The students _ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _ in the office.A. had written, left B,were writing, has leftC. had written, had left D. were writing, had left 4、My dictionary _, I have looked for it everywhere but still_ it.A. has lost, don't find B. is missing, don't findC. has lost, haven't found D. is missing, haven't found.中考动词时态考点分析一、依据时间状语确定时态的原就1. Hurry up. The play for ten minutes. 2022 辽宁 A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 析 1. C；since 后接时间的起点, for 后接时间段,主句动词用现在完成时,应留意 瞬时动词与连续性动词的使用；二、在复合句依据时态呼应确定时态的原就2. Do you know if back next week. If he back, please let me know. 2022 黑龙江 A. he comes; will come B. will he come; comes C. he will come; comes D. will he come; will come 析 2. C；if 既可引导宾语从句,也可引导状语从句；充当宾语从句的连接词时,相当于 whether,词义是 “是否 ”；充当状语从句的连接词时,词义是 “假如 ”；从时态看,if 引导宾语从句时谓语动词的时态应依据主句的时态作相应的变化；引导表示将来动作或状态的条件句时,如主句用一般将来时,就从句通常用一般现在时表示将来；三、依据上下文已有时态信息点确定时态的原就3. When this kind of computer . -Last year. 2022 天津 A. did; use B. was; used C. is; used D. are; used 析 3. B ；此例由下句的时间状语推断出一般过去时态,并且要考虑到被动语态；_精品资料_ 四、利用上下文语意确定时态的原就第 5 页,共 12 页4. Hi. Lin Tao. I didnt see you at the party. - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载-Oh, I ready for the maths exam. 2022 江西 A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got 析 4. B ；此例由 didn t, at the party 推断出应用过去进行时；五、时态中的 “特别 ”计策的原就5. The teacher told us yesterday that December 25 Christmas Day. 2022 辽宁 A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 析 5. A ； 有些动词其动词的时态是“违反常理 ”的；如宾语从句表示的是一个客观事实或客观真理时,其时态不受主句限制而用一般现在时表示；中考真题训练1. The population of the world _ still _ now. （2022·甘肃兰州）A. has; grown B. is; growing C. will; grow D. is; grown2. -Good evening. I _ to see Miss Mary. （ 2022·甘肃兰州）-Oh, good evening. I m sorry, but she is not in. A. have come B. come C. came D. had come3. I first met Lisa three years ago when we _ at a radio station together. （2022·甘肃兰州）A. have worked B. had been working C. were working D. had worked4. If you carefully, you the report well. （ 2022·广州）A. will listen; will be understood B. will listen; understand C. listen; will understand D. listen; understand5. They about eight hundred English words by the end of last term. （2022·广州）A. will learn B. had learned C. are going to learn D. have learned6. How did the accident happen. （2022·广州） You know, it difficult to see the road clearly because it . A. was; was raining B. is; has rained C. is; is raining D. will be; will rain7. Attention, please. There a football game between China and Korea this evening. A. is going to be B. has been C. has D. will have8. What does your sister like doing in her spare time ？She watching TV . （2022· 湖北武汉）A. likes B. liked C. has liked D. had liked9. When Jessy to New York？ Yesterday. （ 2022·湖北武汉）A. does; get B. did; get C. has; got D. had; got10. How clean the bedroom is. （2022·湖北武汉）_精品资料_ Yes, I am sure that someone it. 第 6 页,共 12 页A. cleans B. cleaned C. has cleaned D. had cleaned11. My friend _ me. I have to leave now. （2022·河北）A. waits for B. waited for C. is waiting for D. was waiting for 12. Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he _.（2022·河北）A. will arrive B. was arriving C. arrives D. arrived - - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载13. I _ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser. （2022·河北）A. write B. wrote C. am writing D. will write 14. -Are you going to help John with his Chinese this evening.-NO, He _ to England. He will be back next month. （2022·山东威海）A. returned B. has returned C. returns D. will return 15. -Who s won the first prize in the competition.（2022·山东烟台）-Henry_ . He has _ it for a week. A. is, won B. is, got C. has, had D. has, been given16. -Is this the place that you _ . （ 2022·四川成都）-No. I ve never been there before. A. have visited B. will visit C. are visiting 17. It _ outside. Youd better take an umbrella with you. （2022·江西）A. rains B. is raining C. rained D. has rained 18. -Can I help you. （2022·江西）-I bought this watch here yesterday, but it _ work. （2022·江A. won t B. didn t C. doesn t D. wouldn t 19. I used to love this film when I was young, but I _ it that way any more.苏南京）A. don t feel B. didn t feel C. haven t felt D. hadn t felt 20. -How was your trip to the ancient village.（2022·湖北宜昌）-Fantastic. We _to a museum of strange stones. A. go B. went C. are going D. will go 21. Where is Peter. （2022·湖南娄底）He volleyball with his friends in the school gym. A. plays B. played C. is playing22. -Hello. Can I speak to Mr. White.（2022·江苏无锡）-Sorry, he isn t here right now. He _ to the theme park. A. will go B. was going C. has gone D. has been 23. -_ you _ your drawing. （2022·陕西绥德）-Not yet. It will be done in a few minutes. A. Did; finish B. Will; finish C. Do; finish D. Have; finished24. She _ as an animal trainer since 2022. （2022.北京）A. has worked B. works C. will work D. have worked25. They _ her to the party, so she was very happy. （2022.北京）A. invite B. invited C. will invite D. are inviting26. Mr. Green _ to the manager now. You d better call him later. （2022.北京）A. talk B. talked C. is talking D. was talking27. Prison Break is the best American TV play that I _ these years. （2022.安徽）A. watch B. will watch C. have watched D. was watching28. -Alice, turn down the TV , please. I _ on the phone. -Oh, sorry. （2022.安徽）C. am talking D. talkA. have talked B. talked 29. - Where are the Greens, may I ask. （ 2022·吉林通化）- Well, they _ to England. They have been there for nearly a week now. _精品资料_ A. have been B. are going to C. have gone D. will go . t meet them30.The teachers_ the office for a few minutes when we arrived. We didn第 7 页,共 12 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - A. had been away from 学习必备欢迎下载D. have left B. had left C. have been away from 31. Has your father finished his report. （2022·扬州）Sorry, I don t know . He _ it this morning. A. was writing B. wrote C. has written D. had written 32. It s time for dinner. Where is your father, Emma. He _ his bike in the yard. （2022 ·新疆阜康）A. clean B. cleaned C. is cleaning D. will clean 33. -Hi, I _ you for a long time. （2022·朝阳）-I _ in Beijing. I ve just come back. A. hadnt seen; am B. havent seen; shall be C. didnt see; will be D. haven t seen; was 34. Today is Thursday, and Tom lost his bike last Sunday. We may say “_”. A. Tom has lost his bike four days ago B. Tom has lost his bike for four days C. Tom lost his bike for four days D. It s four days since Tom lost his bike 答案： 15 BBCCB 610 AAABC 1115 CCBBC 1620 ABCAB 2125 CCDAB 2630 CCCCA 3134 ACDD 直接引语变间接引语的用法及讲解定义： 直接引语： 直接引用别人的原话,并在原话前后加引号；John said, "Im going to Lon don with my father." 约翰说： "我要和父亲到伦敦去；" （引号内是直接引语）间接引语： 用自己的话转述别人的话,多数以宾语从句的形式构成；John said that he was going to London with his father. 约翰说,他要和他父亲去伦敦；（宾语从句是间接引语）直接引语与间接引语相互转化时应留意的问题第一：人称的变化；顺口溜：在直接引语变间接引语时:“ 一随主；二随宾,第三人称不更新” ；“ 一随主 ” 是指假如从句中的