2022年高一必修一英语第四单元重点总结及练习含答案.docx

精品_精品资料_Unit4Earthquakes重点词汇及短语1.burstinto+n=burstoutdoing突然·····起来,burstintotears=burstoutcrying2.asisknowntoeverybody 总所周知3.beinjured受伤4.cutacross 穿过横穿5.asusual 像平常一样6.give替out 散发出8.give精疲力竭aspeech 演讲7.insteadof代9.putupshelters搭建避难10.bepleasedtodosth.愿意做某事11.be豪proudof以·····而自12.thenumberof·····的数量13.intheopenair在户外14.rightaway立刻15.inruins破败不堪成废墟 16.digout 掘出17.atanend终结18.anumberof很多大量的19.too ·····to ·····太·····而不能20.tensofthousandsof成千上万的21.betrappedin=becaughtin被困在·····中22.all·····not ·····=notall·····并非全部·····都23.tothenorthof=northof在·····的北面24.berescuedfrom被从·····解救出25.beburied被掩埋被埋藏26.buryoneselfin=beburiedin用心于埋头于27.thinklittleof评判不高thinkhighlyof称赞赐予较高评28.asif似乎20.be/getshocked震惊21.atanend终结1) rightaway立刻,马上=immediately/atonce/rightnow/innotime可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_你必需立刻交作业.Youmusthandinyourhomeworkrightaway.2) welln.井adv.好.充分的e.g.thinkwell充分思考Learnitwell.好好的学.adj.健康的Youdontlookwell.你看上去气色不太好.int.好啦.好吧vi./vt.涌出.涌上Tearswelledupinhereyes.泪水涌上她的双眼.3) millionn.百万详细数字+million 单+n.百万 确数millionsof+n.大量,很多,好几百万 概数 用法同 billion,hundred,thousand 等3 百万美元3milliondollars好几百万美元millionsofdollars4burstvi./vt.burst,burst（使）爆裂. 使）破裂.（使）爆发e.g.Theballoonburst.汽球爆破了.Heburstwithanger.他勃然大怒.Theboybursttheballoon.那男孩把气球弄破了burstintosth./burstoutdoingsth.突然.起来e.g.Sheburstintotears/laughter.=Sheburstoutcr ying/laughing.她突然哭 / 笑起来.c.n.突然破裂.爆发aburstof.一阵.e.g.aburstoflaughter/anger一阵笑声 / 大怒5) asif似乎.似乎=asthough 引导表语、状语从句1+陈述语气 从句可能性大Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.看起来似乎要下雨了.2+虚拟语气 从句内容非真实的ShetreatsmeasifIwerehersister.她待我就像我是她姐妹一样.Heturnedaroundasifhehadntseenme.他转过身,似乎没观察我.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_6) atanend终止.终结=finishedovere.g.Thewarwasatanend.战争终止了.相关短语：intheend最终.最终attheendof在的终点bytheendof到,底（末）为止etoanend终止（物作主语 ,不及物）putanendtosth.终止（人作主语 ,及物）e.g.Themeetingcametoanend.会议终止了.Thechairmanputanendtothemeeting.主席终止了会议.7ruinc.n.废墟;遗迹 常用复数e.g.theruinsofYuanmingyuan迹u.n.毁坏.破坏.破圆明园遗产e.g.Thepanyisfacingruin.那公司面临破产.vt.毁灭.使破产e.g.Thefireruinedthehouse.火把房子烧毁了.Thebadnewsruinedhishope.这个坏消息毁灭了他的期望.inruins严峻受损.破败不堪.成为废墟.落空e.g.TheearthquakeleftthecityofTangshaninruins.的震使得唐山这座城市成了一片废墟.Hiscareer/planisinruins.他的事业尽毁. /他的方案落空.8shockvt. 使震惊.震惊u.n.休克c.n.冲击.震惊.震惊常用结构： beshockedat/bysth.对惊讶beshockedtodosth.因做某事而惊讶shockingadj.骇人听闻的,令人震惊的e.g.他们对这个骇人听闻的消息感到非常震惊.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Theywereshockedat/bytheshockingnews.或Theyweres hockedtoheartheshockingnews.她的死对我是个很大的震动.Herdeathwasagreatshocktome. 9）rescuec.n./u.n.援救.营救e.g.arescueteam一支营救队短语：e/gotosbsrescue来/ 去救援 / 帮忙某人Thefirefighterscametotheirrescue.消防人员来营救他们.vt.rescued,rescuing援救.营救常用结构rescuesb./sth.from（从中）搭救 /营救出某人Thefirefightersrescuedthemfromthefire.消防人员把他们从大火中救了出来.10） trapn.陷阱,圈套,阴谋.困境vt.使陷入困境 ;设陷阱,诱骗（-pp-）入betrappede.g.Theyin/by被weretrapped困住,陷intheburninghotel.他们被困在失火的酒店里.trapsb.intodoingsth.使某人陷入圈套,用计使某人做某事11） digoutdig-dug-dug;digging找出,挖出,掘出,发觉digoutthetruth找出真相digsth./sb.outof（从中）掘出.挖出他不得不从雪里把车挖出来.Hehadtodighiscaroutofthesnow. 12）buryvt.1掩埋.掩埋.隐匿e.g.Hisbodywasburiedunderatree.他的尸体被埋在一棵树下.2用心致志于某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_buryoneselfinsth. sb.beburiedinsth.埋头于.用心于e.g.Heburiedhimselfinhisstudies.=Hewasburiedinhisstudies.他埋首于学习.13） frightenvt.恐吓,是惊讶,使可怕e.g.Thedogfrightenedthechild.狗吓坏了小孩.frighten.away把.吓跑e.g.Thebarkingofthedogfrightenedthethiefaway.狗吠声把小偷吓跑了.了frightensb.intodoingsth./frightensb.outofdoingsth.恐吓某人 不 做某事frightc.n./u.n.惊骇,惊讶frighteningadj.令人惧怕的,惊恐的,可怕的frightenedadj.感到可怕的,受惊吓的14） congratulationn.庆贺,贺词（常用 pl. ）“就某事庆贺某人”offer/sendonesstosb.on/uponsth.或offer/sendsb.one sson/uponsth.e.g.我们庆贺他的成功.Weofferedourstohimonhissuccess. congratulatevt.庆贺,庆贺sb.on/uponsth.就.向某人祝贺oneselfon/uponsth.庆幸自己 .e.g.他庆幸自己考试及格.Hedhimselfonpassingtheexam.15) judgec.n.裁判员.法官.审判员.鉴赏家vt.&vi.判定.判决.审理.评判Neverjudgefrom/byappearances.别以貌取人.常用结构：judge+n.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_e.g.Youcantjudgeabookby/fromitscover.你不能凭封面来评判一本书.judge+sb.tobee.g.Ijudgedhimtobeabout50.我判定他大约 50岁.judge+sb./sth.+adj./n.e.g.Ijudgedhimtheoldest.我判定他年纪最大.judge+clausee.g.Ican tjudgewhichanswerisbetter.我无法判定哪个答案更好些.judgingby/语）from从看 , 依据判定（作状e.g.Judgingfromhisresponse,hewassatisfiedwiththeperformance.从他的反应看来,他对这场演出是中意的.Judgingbyhisaccent,hemustbefromtheU.S.A.从他腔调判定,他肯定来自美国.judgementc.n.判定.判决u.n.判定力.识别力16) expressvt.表示.表达expressonesopinion/idea/attitude/meaning/表达某人的看法 / 想法/ 态度/ 意思等expressoneself表达自己的意思Trytoexpressyourselfclearly.尽力把你的意思表达清晰吧.n.快车.速递expressionn.表达.表情.表达法重点句子分析1Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.Read ingthinklittle/poorly/badly/illofsb./sth.对某人 / 物评判不高、不好、不看重thinkalot/highly/wellofsb./sth.对某人/ 物评判很高、很好、很看重e.g.他不看重钱.Hethinkslittleofmoney.读者们对她的书评判很高.Thereadersthinkhighlyofherbook.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Herbookishighlythoughtofbythereaders.被动：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_2Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.三分之二的人在的震中死去或受伤.Reading可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_分数的表达法,分子用基数词one,two,分母用序数词first,second,当分子大于 1 时,分母的序数词要用复数形式,如,1/5 为 one-fifth,4/5 为 four-fifths.“当分数 / 百分数 of名词 / 代词”作主语时,谓语的单复数由of后的名词/ 代词打算.e.g.Aboutthree-fifthsoftheearth s surfaceiscoveredwithwater.beTenpercentof thestudentsarefromChina.be3Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometreslongandthirtymitreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Readingcutacross1走捷径,穿过去假如穿过这片的,我们可节约时间.Wecansavetimeifwecutacrossthisfield.2和.相反,违反他的讲话和他以前说的相反.Hisspeechcutacrosswhathehadsaidbefore.4) Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins. Readinglie1 说谎lied,lied2 位于,在于3 躺着4 处于某种状态lay,lainlie“出于某种状态”+adj./介词短语e.g.战争过后,这村庄成了一片废墟.Thevillagelayinruinsafterthewar.书打开在桌子上.Thebooklayopenonthetable.5) Everywheretheylookednearlyeverythingwasdestroyed.他们所看到的的方几乎一切都被摧残了.everywhere(1) adv.处处,处处Youcanseeflowerseverywhere.你处处可看到鲜花.2conj.无论哪里=wherever无论你走到哪里,都能看到鲜花.Youcanseeflowerseverywhereyougo.3n.处处,处处Everywhereseemstobequiet.6) Allhopewasnotlost.不是全部的期望都破灭了.处处似乎很寂静.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_all,both,each,every 等词与否定词 not 连用,构成部分否定,表示 “不都 ,不全是”的意思. no,none,never 等词用于全部否定.e.g.Allthatglittersisnotgold.闪光的不都是金子.Allthestudentsdidn t passtheexam.=Notallthestudentspassedtheexam.不是全部同学都通过考试. 有的同学通过了考试,有的没有通过. Noneofthestudentspassedtheexam.没有一个同学通过考试.16、大量的修饰不行数名次agreat/gooddeal/alargeamountof/much修饰可数名次many/anumberof/agreatgoodmany即可修饰可数名次也可修饰不行数名次plentyof/alotof/lotsof/alargequantityof/quantitiesof/amassof/massesof即时活用：1、Ispent ofmytimeinthiswork.A.aplentyB.agoodmanyC.agooddealD.greatdeal答案： C2、 Howmanybooksdoeshehave.-Hepossesses them.A.plentyofB.verymuchC.agreatdealD.anamountof答案： Dprotectvt.爱护用法归纳：（1）protectsth.Toprotecttheenvironment,weshoulddriveless.为了爱护环境,我们应当少开车.（2） ） protectsth./sb.from+n.Youshouldwearapairofdarkglassestoprotectyoure yesfromthesnow.下雪天你应当戴副墨镜爱护你的眼睛.（3） ） protectsb./sth.fromdoingGeYouspeakscarefullyinpublictoprotecthimselffro mbeinghurt.葛优在公共场合说话很当心,爱护自己不被损害.（4） ） protectAagainstB可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Thetreebeltscanprotectthisareaagainstshiftingsand.护林带能爱护这个的区不受流沙的侵害.即时活用：可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_1、Heraisedbothhisarmstoprotecthisface l.thebal可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. fromB.forC.withD.to答案： A2. Atthemeeting,wereachedaconclusionthatweshoulddo可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_whatwecould polluted.theYellowRiverfrombeingfurther可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A.toprotectB.protectingC.protectD.protected答案： A3. You dbetterwearyoursunglassestoprotectyoureyes t hesun.A.fromB.withC.inD.under答案： A可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_4. Asyouknow,itismydutyto sfrombeinghurtwhentheyareindanger.myyoungersister可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. preventB.saveC. stopD.protect答案： D1.Peterwaskilledintheearthquake. Italkedwithhimlastweek.A.Whatapity.B. Ibegyourpardon.C.Sorrytohearthat.D.Isth atso.2.Wellnotattendthemeeting weareinvited.A.ifB.andC.unlessD.once3. Theydidn tattendtheconference.They alongtripabroad.A.preparedB.werepreparingforC.werepreparingD.arepreparingfor4. Washyourhandswithsoap theexperiment.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. intheendofB.attheendofC.totheendofD.bytheendof可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. Hisstrengthhadalmost thedesert.whentheyfoundhimin可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A.givenoutB.giveninC.givenupD.givenoff可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_cametothemeeting,B.thenumbers6. Manypeople ly.A. numberD.anumber ofwhom leftearC.thenumber可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_7.I llspendmyholidayinShanghai, liesonthecoast.A.whoB.whichC.whereD.that可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_8. On nhishands.thebadnews,shecriedwithherface i可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A. hear;buryB.hear;buriedC.heard;buryingD.hearing;buried可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_farfromtheclub,therewasseatedinitplayingcardswith9. Notagarden, owner可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_was ternoon.hischildreneveryaf可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A.itsB.whoseC.whichD.ofwhich10. It squite toscoreagoalinFIFAWorldCup.A.aprizeB.apriceC.anhonourD.a valuetheteacherinthestreetyesterday taughtmthreeyearsago11. Imet eEnglishA. whichB.whenC.whereD.who可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_12. Thepeoplethereweregreatly thingchangedoveranight.toseeevery-可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_A.pleasedB.shockedC.interestedD.moved可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_13. Tellusaboutthepeopleandtheplaces erentfromours.A. thatB.whoC.whichD.whomarediff可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_14. isnowonderthebuildingis .A.It;inruinsB.That;inruinsC.This;inru inDIt;inruin15. DoyoumindifIopenthewindow. ,butI vecaughtabadcoldtoday.A.No,notatallB.Yes,ofcoursenotC.Yes,pleaseD.I msorryPabloRuizPicassowasthefavouritechildofhisfamily.H ewastheonlyboyamongagreatmanygirlcousins.That wasenoughtomakehimimportant,butthefatherlovedhimespecially,becauseheknewhissonwasgoingtobeana rtist.PabloknewthewordforpencilevenbeforehecouldseeMamma andPapa.Whenhewassmall,hespenthoursby himselfmakingdelightfullittledrawingsofanimalsandpe ople.Ifhismothersenthimouttoplayinthesquare,h ewenton drawing in the dust under the trees. DonJoseRuiz,Pablo sfather,wasdirectorofthemuseum insouthernSpain.He earnedonlyasmallsalary,buttherewasnotmuchworktodoandhewasabletopracticehishobby,whichwaspa intingpigeons.Donlovedpigeonsverymuch.Hepaintedthem deadoraliveinonesandtwosandindozens.Sometimeshepaintedthemonpaper,cutthemoutandstuckthemonto canvas 画布 ;sometimeshestuckrealfeathersontohispictures.HeknewagreatdealtaughtitalltoaboutPablo.thetechniqueofpaintingandheLifeinMalagawasverypleasant.Inthehotsunshinefatherandsonwouldwalkdowntothebeachtolookattheboatsontheshoreorwanderaroundtheopenmarkets.Theymadeastrangepair.Donwastallandthin,withredhairandbeard,sadgrayeyesandafinesetofwhiskers 腮须.Hewassoshyandcorrectthathewasnicknamed“ theEnglishman ” .Pablowasquitetheopposite.Hehadhismot her ssmall,strongbuild 体可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_格;hehadstraightblackhair,andbrightblackeyesthat noticedeverythingthatwasgoingonaroundhim.36.Picasso sfatherlovedhimespecially,because.A.hewastheonlyboyinthefamilyB.hewasgoingtobeanimportantC.heshowedthegiftlychildhoodD.helookedlikepersonofan histohisartist motherfamilyinhisear37.Pablo sfatherpaintedalotbecause.A.hedidn thaveenoughmoneyB.hehadplentyoftimeC.he lookedliked afterthe thepigeons, museumespeciallythe