2022年高一英语必修一语法归纳.docx

精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -精选资料可编辑修改,可打印别找了你想要的都有；精品训练资料全册教案,试卷,教学课件,教学设计等一站式服务可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 38 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料全力满意教学需求,真实规划教学环节最新全面教学资源,打造完善教学模式高一英语必修一unit1-5一、重点词汇及短语：upset, ignore, calm, concern,wonder , outdoors , purpose, settle, suffer, recover, pack, disagree,dare, grateful, add up, calm.down , have got to , be concerned about, go through, set down, a series of,in order to , at dusk, face to face,no longer/ not.any longer, suffer from, get/ be tired of, pack.up,get along with, fall in love, join in, get sth done,walk the dog,should have done, make.sth /adj., hide away, grow/be crazy about, do with, happen to do sth, take no notice of,have trouble with1. upsetadj.心烦意乱的,担心的（常接about/at/over等介词）eg. He was upset over his wifes illness.vt.使担心.使心烦（ upset, upset ）2. ignorevt.不理会.忽视（有意装作不理会）（近义词disregard ”看轻,无视,不顾”,指经过考虑后认为不重要）ignorantadj.没意识到的,不知道的be ignorant不知道,没意识到3. calmvt.& vi.（使）安静 /冷静calmdown（使）安静下来 /冷静下来eg. Go somewhere quiet and calm your friend down.adj.安静的.冷静的.冷静的（近义词quiet, silent, still ）calm ：安静的,冷静的.指无风浪或人的心情不兴奋.quiet ：安静的,安静的.指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有苦恼、焦虑.silent ：安静的,缄默的.指不说话或没有声音.still：静止的,不动的.指（人体等）无运动的.4. concernvt.（使）担忧.涉及.关系到be concerned about关怀.挂念eg. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her.可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料短语： at concerns关于. as/so far asbe concerned关于,至于 .be concernedover/at 关怀. be concerned with关于,牵涉到. be concerned in和有牵连. be concerned for关怀,为担忧n.担忧,关注,挂念5. wondervt.&vi.怀疑,想知道,诧异,对感到诧异n. 诧异U ,奇迹、奇迹 C后可接 if/whether,特别疑问词引导的宾语从句时wonder 指“想知道,对有怀疑”,接that 引导的宾语从句时wonder 指“对 感到古怪”eg. I wonder if/whether he is a university boy.I wonder who he is.We wonder that the little boy is a university boy.短语： wonder about想知道,纳闷. wonder at觉得古怪6. outdoorsadv.在户外,在野外n.户外outdooradj.户外的,野外的7. purposen.目的,方案,意图,目标短语：on purpose有意.with the purpose of带有的目的.for the purpose of为了的目的eg. Don t hurt your best friend on purpose.8. settlevi.安家,定居,停留vt.使定居,支配,解决,使沉淀,使安静settle down定居,用心于,安定下来settle in迁入settledadj.固定的,稳固的settlernC.移民者,殖民者settlementnC.定居点,住宅区. nU 沉降,解决9. suffervt.遭受,忍耐,经受vi. 受之苦,磨练suffer from遭受,患病eg. Mary is suffering from the sadness of her blindness.近义词： undergov.经受,遭受10. recovervt.& vi.痊愈,复原,重新获得/找到（强调自我复原）可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料近义词：restore复原（强调外力使得复原） eg. Jennie made a great effort to recover herself. recover from从中复原recoveredadj.痊愈了的recoverynU.复原11. packvi.& vt.捆扎,包装,打行李n.小包,包裹 a pack of一包.packup（把）打包 packetnC.一包,一叠parcelnC.包裹12. disagreevi.不同意（反义词： agree ） disagree with sb.不同意某人的观点 disagree to do sth.不同意去做某事disagreementn.不同意（反义词： agreement ）13. dare“敢于,胆敢”可做情态动词,也可做实义动词（dare to do sth./dare do sth. ）eg. How dare you say that to me.dare sb. to do sth.估量没胆去做某事eg. I dare you to jump from this wall.固定搭配： I dare say我想,大致,可能,或许（常做插入语）eg. I dare say it will rain today.14. gratefuladj.感谢的,表示谢意的 be grateful to/towards对表示感谢. be grateful for为表示感谢be grateful tofor为.而对表示感谢eg. I ll be very grateful to you if you give me an early answer.Im very grateful for all that youve done to us.Im very grateful to you for having helped me so much.15. add up合计addv.添加,增加（近义词： increase ）,将相加,补充说add A to B在 B 中加入 A add up to合起来为add to 增加,增加（多指抽象意义）可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料addin把加进去,包括16. have got to不得不,必需（近义词：have to ）两者的区分：1. have got to的否定形式是 haven t got to,疑问句形式 have 提前. have to 的否定形式和疑问句形式是借助助动词do/does/did .2. have got to不和 will,情态动词连用, have to 可以.17. go through经受,经受.浏览,查阅.认真检查.经过（近义词为 suffer, experience）区分 go through和 get through1. get through指通过（考试等）,完成,接通电话2.表示“通过”时,go through不用于被动语态,而get through常用于 get sth.through 结构中18. set down登记（ write down, put down, take down, note down）,放下（ put down ）,登记19. a series of一连串的,一系列,一套a series of+ n.Cpl.+ v.三单seriesnC.（单复数同型）连续,系列in series连续,逐次.in series with与串联/相连20. in order to do sth.为了做（so as to do sth. ）in order not to do sth.为了不做so as not to do sth. in order that目的状语从句（ so that ）in order to 放句首和句中,so as to 只放句中21. at dusk在黄昏时刻22. face to face面对面的23. no longer/ not.any longer（强调时间）不再（近义词： no more/notany more 感情颜色更浓）24. get/ be tired of对厌烦（精神上）（近义词：get/ be sick of ）be tired with/from（体力上）对厌倦近义词： exhausted （语气最强）, tiresome 令人厌恶的, tired （泛指）25. get along/on with与相处,在方面进展可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料egI can get along well with my classmates.I get along well with my English study.反义词： have a hard time with, have trouble with have trouble/have a hard time in doing sth.26. fall in love with sb. 和某人 相爱（强调动作）be in love with sb. 和某人 相爱（强调状态）27. join in参与,加入（聚会、活动等）=take part injoin参与（团体,组织,人群等）attend参与,出席,到场（会议,班级等）participate参与（参与某一项活动,常与in 搭配）enter进入（某个空间等）28. get sth done使被eg. Please get your hair cut. Ive had it.29. walk the dog遛狗=take the dog for a walk30. should have done本应当做（实际没做） Shouldn t have done本不应当做（但实际做了）表示对过去的虚拟31. make.sth/adj.使（宾补）eg. She made her diary her best friend.Rainy days make my sad.32. hide away藏起来,躲开33. grow/be crazy about对迷恋/狂热 be crazy to do sth.疯狂的做某事34. do with处理,与相关eg. What do you do with the little puppy.=How do you deal with the little puppy.Ive grown so crazy about everything to do withnature.35. happen to do sth.=do sth. by chance=do sth. by accident碰巧可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料36. take no notice of=ignore; take notice of=pay attention to=notice二、重点句型：1. Your friend comes to school veryupset .adj. 作状语,用来补充说明主语your friend来学校时的心情.此处作相伴状语.与副词做状语修饰谓语不同,形容词做状语更多的留意描述主语所处的状态.一 般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开,可位于句首、句末或句中,在意义上相当 于一个状语从句.2. While walkingthe dog, you were careless and it当时间状语从句,让步状语从句或方式状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一样时,从句的主语和 be 动词可以省略.3. She and her family hid away for nearlytwenty-five months beforethey were discovered.段时间 +before“在.之后才 .”4. I don t want to set down a series of facts in a diaryas most people do （就像大多数人一样的做）as 引导的方式状语从句5. Your friend,who doesn t work hard , asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper.who 引导的非限定性定语从句.Make a list of reasonswhy friends are important to you.Do you want a friendwhom you could tell everything to定语从句：reasons why+ 定语从句. a friend whom+ 定语从句.I can well remember thatthere was a time whena deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowerscould never have keptme spellbound .There was a time when+定语从句. could have done情态动词表对过去的估量.keep sb. done 宾补, spellbound是 spellbind 的过去分词,指“被吸引的,被迷住的”6. So shemade her diary her best friend. make sb./ sth.+ n. （宾补）7. I want this diaryitself to be my friend.可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料itself 做 diary 的同位语,是it 的强调形式.8. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtainshanging before very dusty windows.piece of materialhung to cover a window.现在分词和过去分词作后置定语,及其区分.8. It was the first timein a year and a halfthat Id seen the night face to face强调句： It was the first time that+过去完成时9. Its no pleasurelooking through these any longer Its no pleasure doing sth.做某事不开心10. She found it difficult tosettle andIt 做形式宾语,to do sth. 做真正的宾语.find it difficult to do sth.类似的动词有 think,consider等.11. It was such fun to watch it run句型 It is + n. to do sth .It 做形式主语, to do sth, 做真正的主语.感官动词watch sb. do sth.不带 to 的不定式做宾补.三、语法：直接引语和间接引语（陈述句和疑问句）1、直接引语 ：直接引用别人的原话.直接引语通常放在引号内.eg ：My mother always says,“You should study hard.”2、间接引语 ：用自己的话转述别人的话.间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达.eg ：My mother always told me that I should study hard.3、直接引语和间接引语的转换（ 1）句式的转换陈述句去逗号和引号,用say that/tell sb. （ that也可以省略）接宾语从句.said/told sb. 后面的从句要做人称、时态等的变化.Eg: He usually says that,“I am the cleverest in the world.”-He usually says that he is the cleverest in the world.一般疑问句去逗号和引号,用if/whether接宾语从句,改用陈述语序.从句中要做人称,时态等相应变化.Eg: He asked me,“Will you go with me.”- He asked me if I would go with him.可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料特别疑问句去逗号和引号,用特别疑问词引导宾语从句,改用陈述语序.从句中要做人称,时态等相应变化.Eg: I asked the students, “How many words have you learned. ”- I asked the students how many words they had learned.-He asked me to pass him the book.（ 2）人称的转换 一随主,二随宾,三不变（ 3）时态的转换动词的时态：当直接引语表示客观真理或常常性的特点时,转换成间接引语时,保持原先的一般现在时.当主句的谓语动词是现在时态,宾语从句中可以依据实际情形选用不同时态.但是假如主句的谓语动词是过去时,宾语从句的谓语从句做如下调整：一般现在时 -一般过去时一般过去时 -过去完成时一般将来时 -过去将来时现在进行时 -过去进行时现在完成时 -过去完成时过去完成时 -过去完成时记忆口诀： 主现从不限,主过从也过,客观真理永不变.（ 4）指示代词,时间状语,的点状语和动词的变化指示代词 this-that, these those,时间状语 now then, today that day, tonight that night, tomorrowthe next day, next weekthe next week, last night the night before, yesterdaythe day before, the day before yesterdaytwo days ago, agobefore的点状语here-there动词的变化 come go, bring takeEg: Doris said to me,“I will go to see you tomorrow and take you a present.”- Doris said to meshe would cometo see me the next dayand bring me a present.可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料备注：假如当时当的转述,时间、的点状语不变,指示代词不变.四、交际运用：如何友好的表达同意或不同意Attitudes:Are you afraid that./ Ive grown so crazy about. /I didnt dare. Agreement and disagreement：I agree./ I think so./ Exactly./ I dont agree./ I don t think so./ I m afraid not. Certainty:That s correct./ Of course not.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_一、重点词汇U2 English around the world可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_voyage, actually, base, gradually, latter, identity, frequent, frequently, command, request, recognize,straight , enrich, fluent, standard, expect,however ,because of , come up,at present , make use of,such as, play a part in,more than,go to thepictures,at the end of , than ever before, communicate with,a large number of, Only time will tell. without a second thought,believe it or not, to this day1. voyagenC.航行,航海vi.去航海2. actuallyadv.实际上,事实上3. basevt.以.为依据n.基部,基的,基础be based on以. 为基础eg. Good oral English is based on good pronunciation. basicadj.基本的,基础的basicallyadv.基本上,根本上4. graduallyadv.逐步的,逐步的（近义词：little by little ）gradualadj.逐步的,逐步的5. latteradj.较后的,后半的,后面的,两者中 后者的 lateradj.稍后的,待会的latter 强调次序上靠后的, later 强调时间上过会的the latter后者（反义词： the former ）可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料6. identityn.本身,本体,身份,个性/特性identifyvt.识别identificationn.鉴明,验明identicaladj.完全相同的,同一的be identical with/to和完全相同eg. The theme of this movie is identical with that of that book.7. frequentadj.频繁的,常见的frequentlyadv.常常,频繁的8. commandn.& vt.命令,指令,把握have a command of对有把握command 引导宾语从句,从句需用虚拟语气（should do且 should 可省略）9. requestn. & vt.恳求,要求request that宾语从句用虚拟语气（ should do且 should 可省略）make a request for恳求,要求in great request大众特别需求on request应的要求request sth. from sb.向某人要某物at one s request/ at the request of sb.应的要求as requested依照恳求come into request变得缺乏by request of依照恳求,应邀comply with one s request 顺应某人的恳求10. recognizevt.辨认出,承认,公认eg. Sorry, I didn t recognize you when you wore your sunglasses yesterday. recognizeas认出是recognize 指“承认”时的固定用法：recognize sb. to be承认某人是be recognized as/to be某人被承认是11. straightadv. 直接,挺拔. adj. 直的,笔直的,正直的eg. Please go straight, and turn left at the first corner, then youll see a straight street.be straight with对坦诚12. enrichvt.使富有,充实,改善,使肥沃可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料后接具有抽象含义的一些名词作宾语.13. fluentadj.流利的,流畅的Fluentlyadv.常常,频繁的14. standardadj.标准的,模范的（无比较等级）eg. Mary speaks standard English.nC.标准,水平,规格,规范eg. This is a book that is a standard of literary excellence.15. expectvt.预期,期望,盼望,预料adj.expected预期的,预料的n.expectation期望,预料expect sb. to do sth.期望某人做某事16. howeveradv.可是,但是,然而 转折翻译,一般做插入语,可放句首,句中或句末,常用逗号隔开（近义词： in spite of this, nevertheless）conj.不论怎样,无论以何种方式（相当于no matter how ）引导让步状语从句17. because of由于,由于,多亏（近义词：thanks to, due to, owing to）后加名词性短语because of可用于强调句中： It was because of the job that he had taken the flat.because of后可接 what 从句,但此时what 从句为宾语从句： She got angrybecause of what her boyfriend had said.because 是连词,引导缘由状语从句18. come up走近（ draw near, approach）,上来,提出,（植物等）长出的面,显现,（太阳）升起come on 出场,进展,加油come about发生 come up to达到come out出版,结果是,出来 come across/upon偶遇,偶然发觉come to 复原知觉,共计,达到come by经过,获得come along加紧,过来可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料come down下来,倒下,流传下来,病倒come back回来,回忆起,复原19. at present现在,目前presentn.目前,礼物adj.出席的,在场的,现在的,进行的vt.赠送,提交,上演,介绍for the present临时up to/till the present直到现在be present to显现在面前live in the present适应当下形势present sb. with sth./ present sth. to sb.赠送某人某物There is no time like the present.机不行失,时不再来20. make（ good, full/the best/the most, little） use of（好好,充分,未）利用,使用make use of sth. to do sth.使用某物去做某事be of great use= be very usefulbe of no use无用 come into use开头被使用be in use在使用 be/go out of use不再使用,废弃put/bringinto use 使得到使用Its no use doing sth.做某事是无用的use sth. to do sth/ for doing sth用某物来做某事be used to do sth./be used for doing sth.被用来做某事get/be used to doing sth.习惯于be used as被用作21. such as 例如,像这种的（用于列举事物,一般不全部列举.插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间,不与and so on连用）for example例如（用来举例说明,有时可作为插入语放在句中,不影响句子其他部分的语法关系）namely= that is全部列举出来22. play a part in扮演一个角色,参与 = play a role in23. more than副词短语可修改编辑可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_精选资料当后面加数词时,指“超过”=over当后面加名词、代词或动词时,指“不仅仅,不只是” = not only eg. Hibernation is more than sleep. Its a deep sleep.not more than “不超过” no more than=only“仅仅”24. go to the pictures去看电影 =go to the movies25. at the end of在之末（做状语、表语及修饰词）当后接时间（一般过去时/一般将来时）（反义词：at the beginning of）.后仍可接的点by the end of在最终之前 常常结合完成时来考察 in the end最终,最终（ at last , finally ）,不接 of26. than ever before比以往更（做时间状语）27. communicate with与沟通communicate也可做为 vt.communicate sth. to sb. communicationn.沟通28. a large number of绝大部分（后接可数名词的复数,谓语动词用原型） the number of的数量（后接可数名词的复数,但谓语动词要用三单形式）修饰可数名词复数的词,表示“很多”：a good/great many, quite a few, a large/great/small number of修