新视角大学英语4课程教材unit3sectionA.ppt

,New Horizon College English,Book Four,Unit Three Section A Longing for a New Welfare System,- 3 -,Pre-reading Activities,Text Understanding,Language Points,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,- 4 -,1. When you are sick, you may go to the school clinic. How much do you need to pay for your medical expenses?,Tips: You just need to pay 10% of your medicine bills.,Pre-reading Activities,I. Social Welfare,- 5 -,2. Why just 10%? Who pays the rest for you?, Its a part of the social welfare system. The government pays the rest for you.,Tips:,Pre-reading Activities,- 6 -,Public assistance programs, commonly called “welfare”, provide cash or benefits for particular categories of the financially needy.,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,- 7 -,The U.S. welfare system operates on both the federal and state levels. The federal welfare program is known as Social Security 政府的公共福利计划 that provides benefits or assistance for child care, disability, food and medical assistance.,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,- 8 -,The state welfare programs, on the other hand, provide assistance to both individuals and local communities with state schooling and social insurance.,Pre-reading Activities,Social Welfare,- 9 -,Which person is more likely to get welfare assistance? Why?,Pre-reading Activities,a rubbish picker, 78 years old, no living partner, no children,a teenage worker, 15 years old, parents died , working in a small coal mine,- 10 -,a child beggar, 7 years old, no chance to go to school,a three-year-old child, severely ill, no money for medical treatment,Pre-reading Activities,- 11 -,II. Words Related to Welfare,Pre-reading Activities,- 12 -,III. Spot Dictation,Pre-reading Activities,Directions: You will hear a passage. It will be read twice. Listen carefully and supply the missing words.,- 13 -,Pre-reading Activities,Cuts in welfare payments have left many clients so poor that they cannot _ or _ _. Many would describe their diet as being at the same level as a _. As a result most _ the system. Gifts from friends and relatives _ , money from pension is _ and the rent is _. Anything for a few more dollars. Of course the caseworkers know these things occur. Rather than helping their clients, caseworkers _ and are inclined to give out lectures when any help is asked for, which is a natural consequence of thinking _ every day.,afford to eat properly,to have a decent standard of living,household pet,cheat,are not declared,understated,exaggerated,expect them to bow down to them,they are being lied to,- 14 -,Pre-reading Activities,Text Understanding,Language Points,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,- 15 -,Text Understanding,The passage explores the problems of the present welfare system first and then expresses the desire to have a new system. According to the author, a disabled person with spinal cord injuries脊椎损伤, he is forced to account for every penny while enduring lectures by the caseworkers. It is hard to have his wheelchair repaired and even harder to make a gradual shift away from welfare. That is why he longs for a new system under which the disabled like him can earn part or all of their own livings.,Main idea of the text ?,- 16 -,How is the text organized?,The passage is composed of three parts: how people behave under the present welfare system, what the problems are with it, and what solutions should be applied to the problems. The organization of the whole passage goes after the problem-solution pattern with examples from the authors own experiences.,Text Understanding,- 17 -,Part One Paras. 1 - 3,Part Two Paras. 4 - 14,Part Three Paras. 15-17,On one hand, most welfare clients cheat the system for more money. Are there any examples here? (Para.1),Problem 1: Clients are forced to report anything new to caseworkers. Is there any example here? (Paras. 4 - 8),Problem 2: It is difficult for clients to have their wheel- chairs repaired. Is there any example here?(Paras. 9 - 12),Solution 1: There needs to be a lawyer to protect the rights of clients. Example?(Para. 15),Solution 2: The welfare system should help those who are to earn their own livings. How?(Para. 16),Problem 3: If clients make money, as the authors own experience reveals, they have to account for every penny.(Para. 13),Current situation describing,Problems with the system,Solutions to the problems,Problem 4: The law does not encourage clients to make a gradual shift away from welfare.Evidence? (Para.14),Solution 3:A new system is needed to encourage clients to develop their talents without guilt. (Para.17),All the same, some like me have opted to live a life of honesty. Are there any examples here? (Para.2),On the other, welfare case-workers, like detectives, expect every client to beg. Why? (Para.3),Text Understanding,- 18 -,Text Understanding,Q and A about the text:,Retell the Procedure to Ask for Wheelchair Repairs,case worker,medical worker,wheelchair repair company,main welfare office,the handicapped client,Whats your conclusion?,Its very difficult for welfare clients to ask for extra financial help.,- 19 -,Pre-reading Activities,Text Understanding,Language Points,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,- 20 -,Language Points,to long for (Title),经过多年战争后，人们都盼望和平。,People longed for peace after many years of war.,Example,have a desire for; want very much,- 21 -,Language Points,be supposed/expected to (L1),2. Youre supposed to ask the teacher if you want to leave the room.,Example,a. be believed to be b. be required to do sth. according to a rule,1. shes supposed to have had five hundred pairs of shoes.,普遍认为,应该,- 22 -,Language Points,raw (L2),raw material/cotton/sugar/silk 原材料/籽棉/粗糖/生丝,Example,a. (of food) not cooked b. (of materials) in its natural state c. (of information) not yet processed,raw meat 生肉,This information is only raw data and will need further analysis. 原始数据,- 23 -,Language Points,bleed (L. 2),2. Hed been wounded in the arm and was bleeding heavily.,Example,a. force sb. to pay a lot of money b. lose blood,1. The west is bleeding poorer countries dry through interest payments on their debts.,西方正通过债务利息榨干贫穷国家的财富。,向榨取,- 24 -,Language Points,opt to do sth. (L6),What do you opt to do after you graduate from University ?,Example,choose to do sth.,- 25 -,Language Points,to drum up (L. 6),During the season of Christmas each year, traders use their own unique tricks to drum up their business.,每年圣诞节期间，商家们各显神通来招揽生意。,Example,try hard to get support, customers, business, etc. 竭力争取(支持);兜揽(生意),- 26 -,Im tempted to get paid under the table. But even if I yielded to that temptation, big magazines are not going to get involved in some sticky situation. (L.8) Meaning: I feel a desire to be paid without being known to others. But even if I couldnt resist that temptation and wanted to be paid under the table, big magazines I am working for wont agree to get themselves into trouble by telling lies for my sake.,Language Points,- 27 -,Language Points,under the table (L. 8),They were charged with taking money under the table.,Example,in a secret way,- 28 -,Language Points,sticky (L. 9),2. Her hands were sticky from the ice cream.,1. a sticky problem / situation,Example,a. difficult or unpleasant b. covered in a substance that sticks to things that touch it c. ( of the weather) hot and damp,3. a sticky, humid afternoon,一个又热又潮的下午,棘手的,黏的,- 29 -,Language Points,make a fool of sb. (L. 12),Cf: make a fool of oneself,Your brother is making a fool of you.,Example,trick sb. into behaving foolishly,He was drinking and making a fool of himself.,他喝酒时，出尽了洋相。,愚弄，欺骗,出洋相,- 30 -,Language Points,to be entitled to (do) sth. (L. 13),1. Everyone is entitled to (air) his own opinion.,Example,have the right to have or do sth.,2. This ticket does not entitle you to travel first class.,对享有权利；有权做某事,- 31 -,Language Points,liberal (L. 14),2. Her parents are very liberal and allow her a lot of freedom.,1. He liked to think of himself as a liberal.,Example,n. 开明的人 a. open to new ideas a. generous,3. She is very liberal with her money.,- 32 -,Language Points,to lecture sb. about sth. (L. 29),Hes always lecturing me about the way I dress.,他总说我穿着不得体。,Example,就某事训斥某人,- 33 -,Ive heard that you put a lot more miles on that wheelchair than average. (L.31) Meaning: Ive heard that you use your wheelchair more often than the average clients do. No wonder thats why your wheelchair is always breaking down.,Language Points,- 34 -,There is no provision in the law for a gradual shift away from welfare. (Para. 14) Meaning: There is not an item of law to encourage welfare clients to be gradually independent of the welfare system. 逐渐脱离福利照顾,Language Points,- 35 -,Language Points,to lend oneself to (L. 56),Some problems do not lend themselves to financial solutions.,Example,be easily used for a particular activity or result,适宜于；有助于,Her voice doesnt lend itself well to blues.,- 36 -,Language Points,to convict sb. of doing sth. wrong (L. 66),We have no right to order him to leave school unless there is enough evidence to convict him of cheating in the exam.,我们无权勒令他退学，除非有足够的证据证明他考试作弊。,Example,declare guilty 宣判有罪；使服罪,Compare: accuse sb. of；charge sb. with,- 37 -,I dont think that politician can drum up much support with all his speeches. There were a few sticky moments during the meeting. The government is trying to keep a low profile on this issue. Being unemployed entitles you to free medical treatment.,得到,僵局,低调,使你有权,Language Points,- 38 -,I hereby certify that the above information is true and accurate. An anonymous letter alerted police to the possibility of a terrorist attack at the airport. You must be alert to possible dangers. There seems to be an electrical problem. Ill get someone to look into it.,证明,向报警,警惕,检查,Language Points,- 39 -,How do you account for this sudden disappearance of all the money? Some novels quite readily lend themselves to adaptation as plays; others do not. The jury convicted the accused man of theft. There wasnt enough evidence to convict him.,解释,适合,宣判有罪,证明有罪,Language Points,- 40 -,You are legally entitled to take faulty goods back to the store where you purchased them, but you are supposed to account for why you want to do so.,1. 从法律上说，你完全可以将质量不过关的商品退还给那家商店，但是应该解释清楚为什么。,to be entitled to do,legally,to account for,Translation,- 41 -,You only need to fill out a form to get your membership, which entitles you to a discount on goods.,2. 你只需填写一张表格就取得了会员资格，它可以使你在买东西时享受打折的优惠。,to fill out a form,to entitle you to a discount on goods,Translation,- 42 -,3. 一年前,那位汽车经销商(dealer) 以优质服务来招揽顾客,如今他的生意已十分红火。,by offering good services,One year ago, the car dealer tried to drum up buyers by offering good services. Now, his business is thriving.,to drum up buyers,Translation,- 43 -,4. 这桩刑事案件经过仔细调查后，他被证明犯了谋杀罪。,The crime was looked into carefully before he was convicted of murder.,to look into carefully,to be convicted of murder,Translation,- 44 -,5. 我的车子在高速公路上抛锚后,我打电话向高速公路巡逻队(the Freeway Service Patrol) 求助,20分钟后他们帮我解了围,留下了一张150美元的收据。,I called the Freeway Service Patrol for help after my car broke down on the freeway. Twenty minutes later, they came to my rescue and left a $ 150 receipt.,to break down,to come to my rescue,Translation,- 45 -,6. 由于面临失业的危险，这些工人只好接受了管理部门的意见，重新回去工作。,to yield to,Faced with the threat of losing their jobs, these workers yielded to the managements advice and went back to work .,to be faced with,Translation,- 46 -,7. 拐走孩子的那名中年男子向男孩的父亲敲诈了两万美金，来补偿他公司的损失。,The middle-aged man who took the boy bled the father for $20,000 as a compensation for the loss of his company.,Translation,- 47 -,8. 这个靠救济过日子的人开始慢慢地建立了自己的市场，生意日渐兴隆。,The man living on welfare began to set up his own market, one step at a time and his business is thriving.,the man living on welfare,business be thriving,one step at a time,Translation,- 48 -,Pre-reading Activities,Text Understanding,Language Points,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,- 49 -,Summary,Life in a wheelchair is _. Living on welfare is just like sharing a dinner of raw pet food _ the cat. Many welfare clients do not have money to _ a decent life. _, lying and cheating the welfare system _ extra money becomes normal. However, some unusual individuals, who have _ to live a life of complete honesty, do _ the truth to caseworkers and _ any extra income they make. Being honest, however, is not _ its problems. Caseworkers will greatly_ the frequency of their visits and leave _ a small,tough,with,live,As a result,for,made a choice,tell,without,declare,increase,behind,- 50 -,Summary,mountain of paper work _ the client to fill _. The rules say that not a penny is to be _ for. _ a single gift, _ small, is to be unreported. These rules and the natural consequent lying _ tend to transform caseworkers _ being helpers of the poor _ being detectives constantly _ for any forms of cheating.,for,out,unaccounted,Not,no matter how,unfortunately,from,to,searching,- 51 -,Pre-reading Activities,Text Understanding,Language Points,1,2,3,Unit Three,Summary,4,5,Writing,- 52 -,Fast food,快餐在中国十分流行，它是现代快节奏社会的最佳反映。 a 快餐受欢迎有两条原因； b 然而，从营养角度讲，快餐却差强人意。 3. 对快餐还是以偶尔品尝为宜。,Writing,- 53 -,Fast Food,Fast food is becoming more and more popular in China, especially among children and teenagers. Today, it is rather difficult to find another thing that symbolizes the fast pace of modern life as powerful as fast food. For the popularity of fast food, there are mainly two reasons. For one thing, it is convenient and saves the customer much time. You just need go into a fast food restaurant, order your food, and your food will be served in no time. You can either eat it there or,Writing,- 54 -,Writing,take it away. For another, at fast food restaurants, The environment is clean and comfortable, the service is excellent, and the quality of food is guaranteed. All these explain why fast food attracts so many people. Despite its popularity, fast food is far from satisfactory in terms of nutrition. It is usually not composed of a balanced diet and is low in nutrition. Thus, doctors suggest people, especially children, eat fast food as little as possible.,- 55 -,Although cooking at home is time-consuming and the following washing-up tiresome, it offers healthy and delicious meals your body likes and needs. Fast food is only a good alternative when you are in a hurry, or when you feel like trying something new. Therefore we should do no more than taste it once in a while.,Writing,