2022年最新英语同步练习题考试题试卷教案中考英语语法考点 .docx
精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 中考英语语法考点 01 名词概要名词的概念在不同的语法教课书中有不同的说明和分类方法,但就实际应用来讲仍是不要过分地追求其理论概念,而更多的要把留意力放在其应用上来;我们不妨把它分为两大类:专出名词与一般名词;顾名思义,专出名词是指: 个人、事物、机关等所专有的名称, 如,the Great Wall ,America 它们是不能随便变动的; 而一般名词中就包括个体名词, 如 pen, worker 它表示单一的个体人或事物;集体名词,如: family, class, team,它表示的是由如干个个体组成的集合体;物质名词,如: water,paper 它表示的是一种物质,原材料;而后一种是抽象名词,如 :work, time它表示着一种在实际生活中看不见、摸不到,但却与实际生活紧密相关的某些动作、状态、品质的抽象概念;种类:专出名词 John, the Communist Party of 一般名词类名词 nurse, boy, worker, pencil, dog, table 集体名词 class, family, army, police, team, people 物质名词 water, steel, glass, cotton, wood, sand 抽象名词 happiness, love, work, life, courage, honest 功用:主语 My family is now in New York. 表语 His father is a scientist. 宾语 We love our great motherland. 宾语补足语 He made London the base for his work. 定语 The girls are making paper flowesrs. 状语 The car cost him 1000 dollars. 同位语 Mr Brown, a famous scientist, will come here. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名词在使用中的难点在于名词的数,即可数名词与不行数名词的实际应用;不行数名词不能用数字运算, 所以它通常只有单数形式; 它包含有专出名词、 物 质名词、抽象名词等,如: English, air, water, cotton, work 可数名词是可以用数 量加以运算的名词, 所以它具有单数形式和复数形式两种;可数名词复数形式的 构成规律是:1. 一般情形加 s,如:penpens, doctordoctors, boyboys,其读音规章是在清辅音后读 s,在元音和浊辅音后读z;如 :mapmap ,boyboys. 2. 在以 s,sh,ch,x结尾的名词后面加 es,如: busbuses,classclasses, 其读音为iz;3. 以 ce,se,ze,dge结尾的名词加 s,其读音为 iz;4. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的名词,要将y 变为 i 再加 es,读作 z,如:factoryfactories, country countries, familyfamilies.但要留意的是以元音字母加 y 结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如 :boyboys, daydays;5. 以 o 结尾的名词的复数形式一般要加 es,但假如 o 前面是元音字母或外来词,缩写词以 o 结尾的就只加 s,如: tomatotomatoes, heroheroes; photophotos, radioradios, pianopianos 6. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词的复数形式要将 knifeknives, leafleaves, 但有些例外的词如f 或 fe 变为 v 再加 es,如:roof 的复数形式是 roofs;7. 不规章名词的复数形式是要单个记忆的,它没有规律可循,如:manmen, womanwomen, childchildren, footfeet, toothteeth, mousemice 8. 单复同形的名词有: fish, sheep, deer9. 单数形式但其意为复数的名词有:people,police 等;名词仍有格的变化,其主格可作主语,宾格可作宾语;仍有全部格,用来表示人或物的全部,以及领名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 属关系;表示有生命的名词的全部格其单数形式是加's 其复数形式是 s',如其结尾不是 s 的复数形式仍加 's,如: a student's room, students' rooms, Children's Day. 在表示时间、距离、世界、国家 名词的全部格要用 's,如:a twenty minutes' walk.但无生命名词的全部格就必需用 colour of the flowers 随堂练习:of 结构,如: the capital of our country, the 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake 2 We need some more_. Can you go and get some, please. A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe 3 _are_for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using 4 What big_ the tiger has. A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree_. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave 6 -Can we have some _. -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear 7 On the table there are five_. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 4 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 8 They got much _ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories 9 He gave us_ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C. an advice D. a advice 10 When we saw his face, we knew_ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 4 页