动词过去分词作定语和表语.ppt

关于动词过去分词作定语和表语现在学习的是第1页，共37页Task oneLook at the following story and find the usage of past participle (“-ed”)现在学习的是第2页，共37页StorylA boy called Tom went to the cinema one night. It was a horror film, but he was interested in it. Sometimes he felt excited, sometimes he felt frightened. After the film, the tired boy came back home. Once home, the exhausted boy现在学习的是第3页，共37页Key pointsl“-ed” can be used as _ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies. eg. tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Toml“ed” can also be put after the link-verbs (be, feel, become, get, seem) and used as _ . eg. be interested in feel excited/frightenedattributepredicative现在学习的是第4页，共37页Task twoCan you find out the position of “ed” used as attribute from these examples?linjured fingers 一个受伤的手指一个受伤的手指 a finger injured in the accidentlspoken English 英语口语英语口语 a language spoken by many peoplelwritten exercises 书面练习书面练习 a book written by Lu Xun现在学习的是第5页，共37页Key pointslSingle “-ed” word is usually used _ the noun it modifies.l单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之单个过去分词做定语常放在它所修饰的名词之前。前。l“-ed” phrase is usually used _the noun it modifies.l过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之过去分词短语作定语常放在它所修饰的名词之后。后。afterbefore现在学习的是第6页，共37页Task three Please find more examples in the reading passage of each usage.现在学习的是第7页，共37页AttributelSo many thousands of terrified people died lsoon the affected person died. lHe immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street lthat polluted water carried the virus.lhelp ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 现在学习的是第8页，共37页PredicativelBut he became inspired when he thought about help ordinary people exposed to cholera.lHe became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.lHe was determined to find out why.现在学习的是第9页，共37页过去分词作定语和表语总结过去分词作定语和表语总结现在学习的是第10页，共37页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语1.1.单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成被动和完成的意的意义，常作前置定语义，常作前置定语( preposed attribute )。 eg. terrified people 受到惊吓的人们受到惊吓的人们 polluted water 被污染的水被污染的水 a closed door 关闭的门关闭的门注意注意： -ed作前置定语时，有时只有被动意义。作前置定语时，有时只有被动意义。 eg. spoken English 英语口语英语口语 written exercises 书面练习书面练习现在学习的是第11页，共37页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词做前置定语时只有完成的意义词做前置定语时只有完成的意义 fallen leaves 落叶落叶 the risen sun 升起来的太阳升起来的太阳 the developed countries 发达国家发达国家 a returned student 一名留学生一名留学生 a retired teacher 一名退休教师一名退休教师现在学习的是第12页，共37页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语2.2.过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和完成意义。 eg. The books written by Lu Xun are popular鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。鲁迅写的书很受欢迎。 Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago 我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥我们要去看那座建于几百年前的桥。 He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water. 他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。现在学习的是第13页，共37页一、过去分词作定语一、过去分词作定语3. 过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省过去分词可作非限制性定语，相当于省略式的定语从句。略式的定语从句。 e.g The books, (which were) written by Lu Xun, were very popular. The bridge, (which was) built in 1999, is very beautiful.现在学习的是第14页，共37页现在分词和过去分词做定现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别l现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。l现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。现在分词表示进行，过去分词表示状态或完成。 boiling water 正在烧正在烧(煮沸煮沸)的水的水 boiled water 已煮沸的水已煮沸的水 developing countries 发展中国家发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家发达国家 falling leaves 落叶落叶(正在进行正在进行) fallen leaves 落叶落叶(已经完成已经完成)现在学习的是第15页，共37页现在分词和过去分词做定现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别语的区别The boy killing the dog is her brother. The boy killed by the man is her brother.现在学习的是第16页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看1.The Olympic Games,_ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912. A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first playing解析：解析：A first played in 776B.C. = which was first played in 776 B.C.现在分词作定语表示动作现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生正在发生，与修饰词，与修饰词是是主谓关系主谓关系。不定式作定语表示不定式作定语表示将要发生将要发生的动作。的动作。现在学习的是第17页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看2.Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 解析：解析：A 考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的考查过去分词作后置定语，与所修饰的名词之间是被动关系。名词之间是被动关系。现在学习的是第18页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看3. Dont use words, expressions or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be known D. known解析：解析：D现在学习的是第19页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看4. I dont know the girl _ in the snow storm. A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching 解析：解析：B 小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以小女孩被困在暴风雪中，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。应用过去分词作后置定语。 现在学习的是第20页，共37页二、二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语1.1.过去分词作表语，表示主语的过去分词作表语，表示主语的感受感受或或所处的状态。所处的状态。 No wonder he was so excited.l可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有：可以用作表语的常见的过去分词有： delighted, disappointed, upset, astonished, excited, frightened, interested, puzzled, exhausted, satisfied, inspired, surprised, pleased现在学习的是第21页，共37页二、二、过去分词作表语过去分词作表语2.许多动词的过去分词已经被当许多动词的过去分词已经被当作形容词使用。如：作形容词使用。如：broken, disappointed, excited, moved, puzzled, pleased, surprised, lost等。等。 现在学习的是第22页，共37页过去分词作表语与被过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别动语态的区别l-ed作表语主要表示动作的作表语主要表示动作的完成完成和和状态状态，相当于一个形容词；，相当于一个形容词；l被动语态的过去分词被动语态的过去分词动词动词意味很强意味很强,句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常跟跟by短语。短语。 The glass is broken. The glass was broken by Tom.现在学习的是第23页，共37页过去分词过去分词作表语与作表语与现现在分词在分词作表语的区别作表语的区别l-ing表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，表主动与进行，常用于表示事物的性质，汉语常翻译为汉语常翻译为“(某事某事/物物)使人使人,令人令人” ；l-ed 含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人含有被动的意思，经常用于说明人的感觉，汉语常译为的感觉，汉语常译为“(某人某人)感到感到”。eg. What he said was encouraging. We were encouraged at what he said.现在学习的是第24页，共37页-ed作表语与作表语与-ing作表语作表语的区别的区别此类词常见的有：此类词常见的有：lsurprising, surprised; exciting, excited; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; satisfying, satisfied; inspiring, inspired; pleasing, pleased; tiring, tired; boring, bored.现在学习的是第25页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看1. Mr. Smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring 解析：解析： A。第一空应填。第一空应填tired，来源于系表结，来源于系表结构构be tired of；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，；第二空表令人感到枯燥的，应填现在分词应填现在分词boring。 现在学习的是第26页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看2. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour. A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay 解析：解析：C 该题考查分词作表语的用法该题考查分词作表语的用法。“to pay sb by the hour” 计时给某计时给某人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的人报酬。此题被动结构作表语。类似的有：有：get burnt, get hurt , get wounded.现在学习的是第27页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看3. As soon as he entered the city, he _. A. was losing B. got losing C. grew lost D. got lost 解析：解析： D get lost 迷路了迷路了4. What surprised me most was that the leader of that country got _ . A. kill B. killing C. killed D. to be killed 解析：解析：C 过去分词表被动过去分词表被动现在学习的是第28页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看5.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _ as the plane was making a landing. A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating 解析：解析： C。remain seated 为系表结为系表结构，不具有被动色彩。构，不具有被动色彩。 现在学习的是第29页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看 6. - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm. It does have a _ smell. A. pleasant; pleased B. pleased; pleased C. pleasant; pleasant D. pleased; pleasant 解析：解析： D。pleased，满意的；，满意的； pleasant，令人愉快的。，令人愉快的。 现在学习的是第30页，共37页Task fourlComplete the table with phrases that have the same meaning.Preposed AttributePostpositive Attribute1. terrified people1. people terrified of2. reserved seats2. 3. polluted water3. 4. a crowded room4. 5. a pleased winner5. seats reserved for water polluted by a room crowded with a winner pleased with现在学习的是第31页，共37页Task four6. astonished children 7. a broken vase8. a closed door9. the tired audience10. a trapped animal现在学习的是第32页，共37页Task five lComplete the sentences using the past participle given to you as the predicative.l1. He got _ about losing the money.l2. The painter looked so _ after working for a whole day. tired blamed infected shocked excited disappointed blamedtired现在学习的是第33页，共37页Task fivel3. I was _ with he film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.l4. Everybody was _ to hear of the death of the famous film star.l5. Everybody is really _ about the new Olympic stadiums(奥运场馆奥运场馆).l6. His wound became _ with a new virus.disappointedshockedexcidedinfected现在学习的是第34页，共37页用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移到修饰非人的事物，变成所谓的转移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直移形容语。这种过去分词在形式上直接修饰物，但它所修饰的事物仍与人接修饰物，但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关。直接有关。The general stared at him in startled admiration.将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。将军以惊讶而赞赏的眼光注视着他。现在学习的是第35页，共37页考题练练看考题练练看1. There was an _ look on his face when the actress appeared. A. excited B. excite C. exciting D. excitement 解析：解析：A 激动的表情应为激动的表情应为excited look，现在学习的是第36页，共37页感谢大家观看感谢大家观看9/2/2022现在学习的是第37页，共37页