新版新目标英语八年级上册unit2知识点总结(5页).doc

-新版新目标英语八年级上册unit2知识点总结-第 5 页Unit2 How often do you exercise?Section A1. exercise v/n (1) v 锻炼 He exercises every day. (2) n 可数名词 练习 操 do morning exercises 做早操 do eye exercises 做眼保健操 不可数名词 锻炼 We often do / take exercise on weekends. Doing morning exercises is good for our health. 做早操对我们的健康有益。2. on weekends=on the weekend在周末 美国英语 at weekends=at the weekend在周末 英国英语3 help with sth= help sb (to) do.sth 帮助做某事 They help with this problem. They help you relax. 他们帮助你放松4. Whats your favorite. ? = What. do you like best？你最喜欢的.是什么？5.(1)sometimes有时 adv Sometimes he comes by bike and sometimes by bus. (2) sometime adv 在某个时候 可用于一般过去时与将来时。 You can hand in your homework sometime before Friday. 你可以在周五前某个时候交作业。 (3)some time 名词短语 一段时间 I'll be away for some time. 我将离开一段时间。 (4)some times 名词短语 几次 time可数名词 次数 I have been to the Great Wall some times. 我去过长城几次。(5)记忆口诀： 分开“一段时间”，相聚“某个时候”； S连住是“有时”，分开“几次”、“几倍”行。 some和time分开写表示“一段时间”，连着写表示“某个时候”；有S连着写表示“有时”，分开写表示“几次”、“几倍”6. hardly adv. 刚刚,仅仅 hardly ever几乎从不 几乎没有; 几乎不 一般位于动词前(1)hard adj. 硬的 困难的、艰难的 adv. 努力地 刻苦地 猛烈地 位于动词之后 The ground is as hard as stone after the drought. 长期乾旱之后土地硬得就像石头一样。 Don't be too hard on her she's very young. 别对她太严了-她还小呢。 They work very hard. 他们工作非常努力。 (2) be hard on sb 严格对待或严厉批评某人 be hard for sb to do sth 难做的; 难懂的; 难答的; 困难的7. No, I never go shopping. 不， 我从不购物。 (1) go shopping 去购物 go+ v. Ing 形式表示进行某项活动 go swimming/ shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking 去游泳/购物/滑冰/滑雪/钓鱼/爬山/徒步旅行。(2) 频率副词always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never频率副词词义频率英文释义always总是100%all the timeusually通常90%often, generallyoften经常80%(at) many timessometimes有时50%at times, now and thenhardly ever几乎不10%almost not, not at allnever从不0%not ever, not at any time(1) how often多久一次，提问动作频率 可用频率副词回答,也可用频率短语回答once a day ， twice a week，four times a month，every day 等。(2) twice a week 一周两次 表示频率的短语，表示频率的短语由次数a时间名词构成；一次或两次用 once和twice表示，而三次或三次以上，用数词times结构。 once a month twice a day three times a week，five times a year 等。(3)  疑问词how用法A.怎样，用什么手段，方法/交通工具 How did he do it? / I dont know how to swim. How do you come to school?B.情况如何（指身体健康状况）  How are you?C. how many，how much表示“多少” how many后接可数名词复数，how much接不可数名词。 How many times do you go to the park? How much are those pants?D. how many times 询问多少次，其答语表示次数。once twice，three times How many times do you go to the movies a month? About three times.E. How old.? 询问年龄 How old are you? I am five.F. How about? 如何？ 怎么样？ How about going to the movies?G. how long 询问多长时间，其答语表示一段时间, 也可询问某物有多长。 How long will it take to get to the station？ About half an hour。H. how soon 询问过多久，多久以后，多快， 用来未来的时间,答语in two hours，in three days How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。I. how far 多远，询问距离 路程的远近8. free adj 空闲的 有空的；自由的；不受约束的；免费的 n freedom be free=have time有空 反义be busy in ones free time在某人空闲时间里 be free to do sth 自由地做某事 They enjoy free medical care. 他们享受免费医疗。9. be full 满的；忙的 full(满的) empty（空的），full(饱的)hungry（饿的）。 I am full, so I dont want anything.10.eat breakfast吃早饭=have breakfast， 其中间不加冠词， 但当三餐前有形容词修饰时，要加不定冠词 a 或an。 have a big dinner 吃一顿丰盛的晚餐11. How come？怎么回事？怎么会？ 为什么？表示某件事很奇怪，有点想不通； 可单独使用，也可以引导问句=why How come 开头的问句仍然用陈述语序句子 How come you didnt tell me about it?=Why didnt you tell me about it?How come Tom didnt come to the party? 12.maybe 和may be maybe 也许，大概，可能（一般放句首） Maybe you are right. 也许你是对的 may be 可能是，也许是 情态动词+be结构。（位于句中）You may be right. 你也许是对的。13. go to bed 上床睡觉 强调动作及过程，但不一定睡着 go to sleep 强调入睡，睡着，进入梦乡14. stay up 熬夜 不睡觉 I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。 stay up late 熬夜到很晚，迟睡15. at least 最少 原形little 比较级less 最高级least we should sleep at least 8 hours.我们至少得睡8个小时。Section B1.want v (1)want+名词 想要 I want a job. 我想要一份工作。(2)want to do sth. 想要做某事 Do you want to go to the movies with me？ 你想和我一起去看电影吗？(3)want sb. to do sth. 想要某人干某事 I want you to help me with my math. 我想要你帮我学数学。2.She says its good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。(1)be good for对有好处 对有益 Doing exercise is good for our health. 进行锻炼对我们的身体有好处。 Watching TV too much is not good for your health.(2)be good at 擅长于=do well in He is good at playing football. 他擅长踢足球。(3) be good to对好 The old woman is good to us. 那个老太太对我们很好。(4) be good with 和.相处得好 3.health n 健康 adj healthy健康的 My grandmother is over 80 years old, but she is very healthy. 我奶奶八十多岁了，但她非常健康。 We should keep in good health.我们要保持健康。4. find 表示“发现”时，其后可接各种形式的复合结构(1) find +宾语+n（宾语补足语）有时可在宾语补足语前加上to be Youll find it a difficult book. 你会发现它是一本难懂的书。 Youll find it to be a difficult book. 你会发现它是一本难懂的书。(2) find +宾语+adj（宾语补足语）有时可在宾语补足语前加上to be。I found the book easy. 我觉得这书读起来比较容易。We find the story (to be) very interesting. 我们发现这个故事很有趣。(3) find +宾语+adv （宾语补足语）Did you find her in? 你发现她在家吗? I went to her house but I found her out. 我到她家发现她不在家。 用作宾补的adv只能是in, out, up, down, upstairs, downstairs等表示处所的副词小品词，而不能是其 他普通副词。(4) find +宾语+不定式（宾语补足语）He found the patient to be a small boy. 他发现病人是一个小男孩。用作宾补的不定式常为to be（常可以省略），但当find用于被动语态时，可以用其他动词Her blood was found to contain poison. 她的血液里被发现有毒。He was found to have helped himself to public money. 他被发现挪用了公款。(5) find +宾语+现在分词（宾语补足语）I found him standing at the door. 我发现他正站在门口。(6) find +宾语+过去分词（宾语补足语）He found the door locked. 他发现门锁上了。(7) find +宾语+介词短语（宾语补足语）We found her in tears. 我们发现她在哭泣。We found the map quite out of date. 我们发现这地图已完全过时。(8) find+it+adj+to do sthI find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。I found it interesting being back at school again. 我发现再次回到学校很有意思。(9) find+ that 从句。I found that the book was very interesting. 我发现这本书很有趣。(10) find sb do sth  一种状况，反复发生的事情 find sb doing sth. 发现一种动作正在进行 5. although cojj 尽管；虽然 表转折关系=though although和but不能同时使用 Although I get up early, I cant catch the early bus. = I get up early, but I cant catch the early bus. I dont pass the exam, although I study every hard. =I study very hard, but I dont pass the exam. 类似的because跟so，用了because就不能再用so了。 I didnt have supper, because I had a stomacheache.= I had a stomacheache, so I didnt have supper.6.ask (1) ask sb. to do 叫做某事 Teacher asked me to clean the classroom.(2) ask sb. not to do sth.叫不要做某事 Teacher asked me not to clean the classroom.(3) ask sb. about sth. 问某人关于某事的情况 We asked our students about their free time activities.(4) ask sb. for help 向某人求助 ask teacher for help 向老师寻求帮助7.go online上网=use the Internet=surf the Internet8.be surprised 惊讶 be surprised to do sth 惊讶做某事 be surprised that + 从句 to ones surprise 令某人惊讶的是 to their surprise令他们惊讶的是to Li Leis surprise令李雷惊讶的是9. be afraid of sb/ sth 害怕某人某事 be afraid of doing sth害怕做某事 be afraid to do sth 害怕去做某事 be afraid that + 从句 恐怕，担心10.The best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 原形good 比较级better 最高级best I think the best way to relax is to listen to music. 我认为最好的休闲方式是听音乐。11.but和however but 并列连词 然而，但是 可直接连接两个句子，表转折。 however 副词 然而，但是 不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开12. Percent 百分数，没有复数，基数词+percent 百分数做主语时，谓语变化取决于百分数修饰的名词 Twenty percent of the students agree with you百分之二十的学生赞同你 Thirty percent of time passes.百分之三十的时间过去