第三版大学英语新视野第四册课后翻译.pdf
中庸思想是儒家思想的重要内容。孔子所谓的“中”不是指“折中” ，而是指在认识和处理客观事物时的一种“适度”和“恰如其分”的方法。 孔子主张不仅要把这种思想作为一种认识和处理事物的方法来看待， 而且还通过自身修养和锻炼， 把它融入自己的日常行为当中，使之成为一种美德。中庸思想是儒家思想的核心，也是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。从它形成到现在，一直为民族精神的构建、民族智慧的传播、民族文化的发展发挥着不可估量的作用。 The Doctrine of the Mean is the core ofConfucianism. Theso-called “mean” by Confuciusdoesnt mean “compromise”but a “moderate”and “just-right” way when understandingandhandling objective things. Confucius advocatedthat thisthought should not only be treated as away to understand anddeal with things but alsobe integrated into ones dailyconduct tomakeit avirtue through self-cultivation andDoctrine of the Mean is not only the core of Confucianism butalso an important componentof traditional Chinese culture.From the time itcame into being to the present, it has playedaninvaluable role in the construction of nationalspirit, thetransmission ofnational wisdom, and thedevelopment ofnational culture.第二单元中国的四大名著是指三国演义 水浒传 西游记 红楼梦四部著名小说。它们的创作时间均处于元末明初至清代期间， 其内容反映了中国古代的政治和军事斗争、 社会矛盾、 文化信仰等各个方面。四大名著具有很高的艺术水平， 代表了中国古典小说的高峰。 书中的许多人物和场景在中国家喻户晓， 并且已深深地影响了整个民族的思想观念和价值取向。四本著作在中国古代民俗、封建制度、社会生活等多个领域皆有巨大的研究价值，是中国乃至全人类的宝贵文化遗产。 The four great classic Chinese novels are Romance of the ThreeKingdoms, Outlaws of the Marsh,Journey to the West and A Dreamof Red the four novels were written during the period from thelate Yuan and early Ming dynasties to the Qing Dynasty. Theyallreflect various aspectsof ancient China,includingpolitical and military strife, social conflicts and culturalbeliefs.Thefournovelsareofsupremeartisticstandards,representing the peak of Chinas classic novels.Lots of the characters and scenes in the books are Well-knownin China and have exerted profound influences on the ideologyand values of the entire nation. Highly valuable for theresearch of Chinas ancient customs, feudal system, and sociallife, the four classic novels are precious cultural relics ofChina as well as the human society as a whole.第三单元近年来，随着互联网技术的迅猛发展， 互联网经济已成为一个热门话题。 以蓬勃发展的电子商务为代表的互联网经济已成为经济发展的重要引擎。我国政府高度重视发展互联网经济，提出了“互联网 +”的概念，以推动互联网与医疗、交通、教育、金融、公共服务等领域的结合。 这将为互联网经济的发展提供极大地发展潜力和更广阔的发展空间。随着“互联网+”战略的深入实施，互联网必将与更多传统行业进一步融合，助力打造“中国经济升级版” In recent years, with the rapid development of Internettechnology, the Internet economy has become a hot issue. Asrepresented by the promisingE-commerce, the Internet economyhas become a strong driving force for the economic development.Our government attaches great importance to developing theInternet-economy and proposes the concept of “Internet Plus”,aiming to integrate the Internet with other industries, suchas health care, transportation, education, finance, and publicservice. This will create great potential and broad prospectsforthedevelopmentoftheInterneteconomy.Withtheimplementation of the“Internet Plus” strategy, the Internetis certain to be integrated with more traditional industriesand help build “the upgraded version of the Chinese economy”.第四单元苏州园林是中国古典园林最杰出的代表， 大部分为私家所有。苏州园林始于春秋，兴于宋元，盛于明清。清末苏州已有各色园林170余处，为其赢得了“园林之城”的称号。现保存完好的园林有 60 多处，对外开放的有十余处。其中沧浪亭、狮子林、拙政园和留园分别代表着宋、 元、 明、 清四个朝代的艺术风格， 被称为 “苏州四大名园” 。苏州园林宅园合一，可赏，可游，可居，其建筑规制反应力中国古代江南民间的生活方式和礼仪习俗。苏州园林不仅是历史文化的产物，同时也是中国传统思想文化的载体。1997 年，苏州园林被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录” Suzhou gardens are the most outstanding representatives ofclassical Chinese of them were privately-owned. The gardensfirst appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period,developed in theSong and Yuan dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qingdynasties. By the late Qing Dynasty, Suzhou hadgot as many asover 170 gardens of diverse styles, Winning it the name “TheCity of Gardens”. Now, over 60gardens are kept in goodcondition, of which more than 10 are Open to the public. TheSurging Wave Pavilion, the Lion Grove Garden, the HumbleAdministrators Garden and the Lingering Garden are called thefour most famous gardens in Suzhou representing the artisticstyles of the Song, Yuan,Ming and Qing dynasties gardens areassemblies of residences and gardens,which makes them suitableplacesforliving,visitingandappreciating.Thearchitectural principles of lthe gardens are a demonstrationof the lifestyles and social customs of the ancient Chinesepeople in the south of the Lower Yangtze River. Suzhou gardensare not only a product of Chinese history and culture, but alsoa carrier of traditional Chinese ideology and 1997,Suzhougardens were inscribed on the World Heritage List by UNESCO.第五单元中华文明曾对世界文明产生过重大影响。 近年来，随着我国经济的发展和国际地位的提升，历史悠久的中国文化正引起世界新的关注。越来越多的中国元素为当今世界时尚、 文学、影视作品等提供了创作灵感，成为热门题材。这一现象表明，世界需要中国文化。在这种背景下， 我国决定实施文化 “走出去” 大力推动了我国文化产业的发展，正成为提升我国国家形象和综合实力的有效途径。Chinese civilization once had a significant influence on worldcivilization. With the development of ourcountrys economyand the rise of her international status in recent years,Chinese culture, which has a long history, is once againattracting global attention. More and more Chinese culturalelements provide inspiration for and become popular subjectsof fashions, literature and movies around the shows that theworld needs Chinese culture. It was in this context that Chinadecided to implementthe “Culture Exporting” strategy so asto enhance her cultural exchanges with the rest of the severalyears efforts, great achievements have been made in thisrespect.“CultureExporting”hasgreatlypromotedthedevelopment of our cultural industries. It is becoming aneffective approach through which China enhances her nationalimage and comprehensive strength.第六单元博鳌亚洲论坛是一个非政府、非营利性的国际组织。它是由 25个亚洲国家和澳大利亚发起的，于 2001 年正式成立，总部位于中国南部的海南省博鳌镇。博鳌亚洲论坛以平等、互惠、合作和共赢为主旨，致力于推动亚洲各国之间的经济交流、协调与合作，并增强亚洲与世界其他地区的对话和联系。 它为有关国家的政府、企业及专家学者提供了一个共商亚洲以及全球事务的高层次平台。 通过区域经济的进一步合作，博鳌亚洲论坛将推进亚洲国家实现发展目标， 为建设一个更加繁荣、稳定、和平的新亚洲作出贡献。Boao Forum for Asia (BPA) is a non-governmental,non-profitinternational organization. Initiated by25 Asian countries andAustralia, it was officially founded in 2001. The organizationis headquartered in Boao Town in Chinas Hainan Province. Withequality, mutual benefit, cooperation and win-win as itsobjectives, EPA is devoted to promotingeconomic exchanges, coordination and cooperation between Asiancountries as well as enhancing dialogs and ties between Asiaand other parts of the world. The forum provides a high-levelplatform where governments, businesses and scholars fromrelevant countries discuss Asian and global further regionaleconomic cooperation,BFA will facilitate the realization ofAsian countries goals and contribute to a new Asia that boastsgreater prosperity, stability and peace.第七单元城乡一体化是我国现代化和城市化发展的一个新阶段， 是要通过对城乡发展实行统筹规划，并通过体制改革和政策调整， 破除城乡二元经济结构，实现城乡在政策上平等，在产业发展模式上互补，让农村居民享受到与城镇居民同样的文明和福利。 城乡一体化是一项重大而深刻的社会变革。它使整个城乡经济能够全面、协调、可持续的发展。只有大力推进城乡一体化，妥善处理城乡关系，加强城乡合作，缩小城乡差距，才能确保到 2020 年我国实现全面建设小康社会的宏伟目标。Urban-ruralintegrationisanewstageofChinasmodernization and urbanization process. It aims to break theurbanandruraldualeconomicstructurethroughmakingintegrated plans for urban and rural development, and throughsystem reform and policy adjustment, so that the urban and ruralareaswillfinallyachieveequalpoliciesandrealizecomplementarydevelopingpatterns,enablingtheruralresidents to enjoy the same level of civilization and equalbenefits with the urban residents. Urban-rural integration isasignificantandprofoundsocialreformwhichenablescomprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development of theentire urban-rural economy. Only by enhancing urban-ruralintegration,andbyproperlymanagingurban-ruralrelationships,increasingurban-ruralcollaborationandnarrowing the gap between urban and rural areas, can weguarantee that our country realize the blueprint goal ofbuilding a well-off society- in an all-round way by 2020.第八单元近年来， 社会的发展和就业形势的变化对大学生提出了更高的要求。 越来越多的大学生不再局限于书本知识的学习， 他们开始走出 “象牙塔” ，利用业余时间积极投身于社会实践活动。 通过社会实践活动，大学生可以更多的了解社会， 增强社会责任感，提高分析问题和解决问题的能力。同时，参加社会实践活动还可以帮助学生认识到自身的不足，明确未来努力的方向。所有这些都将为他们积累社会阅历和工作经验，为未来的就业或创业打下良好的基础。Inrecentyears,thesocialdevelopmentandchangesinemployment situation have put higherrequirements on collegestudents. Instead ofconfining themselves to the knowledge inbooks,more and more college students are stepping-outof the“Ivory Tower” and taking an active partin social practice intheir spare time. Throughsocial practice, college students canhave a deeperunderstanding of society, increase their senseofsocialresponsibility,andimprovetheiranalyticalandproblem-solving abilities. Meanwhile, takingpart in socialpracticecanalsohelpstudentsrecognizetheirownshortcomings and have a clearidea about where they are to goin the future. Allthese benefits will help them build up socialandwork experience, which will lay a solid foundationfor themin finding jobs or starting their ownbusinesses in the future.
