现在完成时与一般过去时的区别.ppt
ThePresentTense,英语课件,一.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情现在已经结束。,eg：1. Someone has just turned off the light.,有人刚把灯关了。,2. I have already finished my homework.,我已经完成了家作。,二.表示从过去某一时刻开始并一直延续到现在的动作或事情,但动作或事情可能仍在继续。,eg：1. I want to see how much the place changed since I saw it last.,我想看看从上次见到那地方以来它发生了多大变化。,2. I have learnt English for more than ten years.,我已经学了10多年的英语。,三.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历.,eg：1. Have you ever been to the Summar Palace?,你曾去过颐和园吗?,2. I have never had a car.,我从未有过汽车。,四.现在完成时还常与句型 This is the first time，Its the first time 连用。,eg：1.This is the first time he has driven a car .,这是他第一次开车。,五.现在完成时和最高级连用表示到现在为止是最的。,What a boring film！,Its the most boring film Ive ever seen.,现在完成时除了上述主要用法之外，还有一些其它用法，在此不一一讲解，请学生自已学习、掌握。,一部多么令人厌烦的电影啊！,这是我看过的最令人厌烦的电影。,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,第一单元已讲解了现在完成时，在第一册中也已讲解了一般过去时的主要用法。现将这两种时态的用法加以区别，以便使学生更好地掌握，区别两者的不同用法。,一.现在完成时和一般过去时都是说过去的事情，但现在完成时注意的不是事情本身，而是强调事情与现在保持的某种密切联系（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等）;而一般过去时，则只表示发生在过去的动作和事情与现在没有关系。,eg：1. He has bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他已经买了一本英汉字典。,eg：2. He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. 他曾买过一本英汉字典。,第一句用现在完成时时态，意为：“He bought an English-Chinese dictionary. And he still has it” “过去他买了一本英汉字典，现在他还有这本字典” 。,第二句用过去时只叙述过去他买过一本英汉字典这一事实，至于现在他是否有这本字典并未强调说明。,二当有一个表示过去某一特定时间的状语时，不用现在完成时，而用一般过去时:,eg：1. I saw the film on television yesterday .,但since(自以来)+某一过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句总是与现在完成时连用。,eg：1. They have known each other since 1950 .,2. Since he was a child,he has lived in England.,三常与一般过去时连用的典型的表示过去时间的状语,yesterday(昨天),the other day (前两天),just now(刚才)， 时间+ ago,last +时间 ; etc;,eg: 1. The plane took off ten minutes ago,飞机十分钟前起飞了。,eg: 2. We finished our task last week .,我们上周完成了我们的任务。,四常与现在完成时连用的表示到现在为止这段时间的词短语或从句:,so far (到现在为止)，up to (till,until)now直到现在，lately（最近）yet ,since+过去时间或叙述过去事情的从句。,eg：1. The weather has been hot so far this summer,到目前为止，今夏天气一直很热。,2.I havent seen her yet .,我还未见到过她。,五可与现在完成时连用，也可与一般过去时连用 的时间状语：,for +时间 ，this +时间,表示不确定时间： ever,never,before,just,recently,already,eg: 1.I have learnt English for three years.,我学英语（到现在）三年了（仍在学）。,2.I learnt English for three years.,我学了三年英语（现在不学了）。,3.I have written two letters this morning,今天上午我写了两封信，(说话时仍是上午)。,4.I wrote two letters this morning .,今天上午我写了两封信，（下午或晚上说的）。,注：表示不确定时间的状语，在句中无其它特定的过去时间状语时，或无表示过去动作的从句时常与现在完成时连用。,eg:1. I have not written to my parents recently.,我最近一直未给父母写信。,2. I have met him many times before.,我以前见过他多次。,现在完成进行时的主要用法,表示一个持续了一段时间，刚刚结束或仍在继续进行的动作。与现在完成时有所有同的是现在完成进行时强调动作本身或动作的持续性、持久性。,eg：1. Weve been looking for you everywhere.where have you been?,我们一直在到处找你，你上哪儿去了？,2. What have you been doing?,你一直在做什么？,3. Ive been writing a laboratory report. 我一直在写实验报告。,PART B:EXERCISES,一.Find the choice : 1.When I was at school,I_to the library every day. A.go B.was going C.have goneD.went 2.The new books_yet. A.havent arrived B.hast arrived C.didnt arrive D.dont arrive 3._you ever_to shanghai. A.Havent arrived B.Hasnt arrived C.Didnt arrived D.Havebeen,4.He_his lunch. A.had B.have had C.has had D.ate 5.For years,doctors_millions of patients lives with the help of microscopes. A.saved B.have saved C.has saved D.were saving,6.I was so happy to see John again last Sunday ,We _each other for more than two years. A.havent seen B.hadnt seen C.didnt see D.hasnt seen 7.We _three lessons this month. A.have learned B.learned C.has learned D.were having,8.I_to Paris several times. A.went B.have gone C.have been D.was going 9.Alice _ in china for ten years. A. has lived B.have lived C.lived D.has live,10.My uncle _in this city since 1980. A.lives B.have lived C.has lived D.lived 11.By now old Wang _in that factory for twenty years. A.have worked B.worked C.works D.has worked,12.Christianity(基督教) has become a worldwide religion(宗教) since it _almost two years ago. A. begin B.begins C.began D. has begin 13.Shakespeare _many plays such as Hamlet,and Romeo And Juliet. A.writes B.have written C.wrote D.has written,14.When we lived in phoenix we _ at Arizona State university. A.studied B.have studied C.study D.were studying 15.I wrote to my parents three month ago but I_to my parents lately. A.havent written B.dont write C.didnt write D.will not write,16.Li Ming _to Shanghai.He will be back next month. A.went B.have gone C.has gone D.will go 17.She _an actress for some time . A.was B.being C.is D.has been,18.Professor Chen _our exams yet. A.didnt mark B.hasntmarked C.will not mark D.havent marked 19.He left last year and_away ever since. A.is B.have been C.was D.has been 20. I_my task the other day. A.finished B.have finished C.finish D.will finish,二. choose the one that is wrong: 1.I lived in this city since I was a child . 2.I lost my pen, I have to write with a pencil . 3.Hangzhou is the most beautiful city I saw . 4.She has read the book last week .,C,5.My classmates and I have visited the memorial hall of chairman Mao yesterday . 6.My grandmother has lived with us since my grandfather has died six years ago .,7.After breakfast she takes a walk to buy the morning paper she does this every morning for ten years . 8.It was very hot lately ,but its beginning to get a bit cooler . 9.Have you gone to the great wall?Yes,I have ,I went there last Sunday .,三.Fill in the blanks For the last three days I 1_(work ) hard.When we moved in three days ago ,everything was in a mess ,but now I 2 almost ( finish) the job. Today I 3 (work)since breakfast and 4 (not have )anything to eat . Anne 5 (bring )me a sandwich an hour ago but I 6 (tell) her not to come into the kitchen.,I 7 (never,forget) what 8 (happen) several years ago when she tried to help me ,I 9 (hot have )many accidents since then but Anne 10 (often,warn)me to be careful . she 11 (warn) me again this morning at breakfast time ,but I 12 (work)for four hours and nothing 13 (go)wrong.Now I 14 (drop) the tin of paint .Has anything like that ever happened to you？,练习参考答案 一.1.D 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.A8.C 9.D 10.C 11.D 12.C13.C14.A15.A 16.C 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.A 二.1.A 2.A 3.D 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.B 1.lived-have lived2.lost-have lost 3.saw-have seen 4.has read-read,5.have visited-visited 6.has died-died 7.does-has done 8.was-has been 9.gone-been 三.1. have been working 2.have finished 3.have been working 4.have not had 5.brought 6.told7.have never forgotten 8.happened 9.have not had 10.has often warned 11.warned 12.have been working 13.has gone14.have dropped,THE END,
