必修五第四单元单词及语言知识学习点讲解.ppt

1.记者，新闻工作者 2.牵涉，涉及，包括，卷入 3.编辑 4.照片，给-拍照 5.摄影师 6.摄影 7.难忘的，永远记得的 8.任务，分配 9.快乐的，欣喜的 10.值得赞扬的，令人钦佩的,journalist,involve,editor,photograph,photographer,photography,unforgettable,assignment,delighted,admirable,11.不同寻常的，独特的 12.帮助，协助，援助 13.助手，助理，售货员 14.递交，呈递 15.职业，专业 16.专业的，职业的，专业人员 17.同事 18.渴望的，热切的 19.集中，聚集 20.集中，全神贯注于,unusual,assist,assistant,submit,profession,professional,colleague,eager,concentrate,concentrate on,21.业余爱好者 22.更新，使现代化 23.获得，取得，学到 24.评估，评定 25.通知，告知 26.最后期限 27.参加面试者，接受采访者 28.期间，同时 29.依赖，依靠 30.情况，病例，案例,amateur,update,acquire,assess,inform,deadline,interviewee,depend on,meanwhile,case,31.控告，谴责，指责v 32.因-指责或控告 33.指责，谴责，控告n 34.故意地 35.为了- 36.否认，拒绝 37.怀疑的 38.犯罪的，有罪的，内疚的 39.（进退两难的）困境，窘境 40.需求，要求,accuse,accuse-of,accusation,deliberately,so as to do,deny,skeptical,guilty,dilemma,demand,1.involve vt 包括；包含；牵涉；牵连（某人/某物） 1)The strike involved many people. involve sb/sth in sth/doing sth 使某人/物参与某活动/陷入某种情况 2)Dont involve me in solving your problem. 3)He was involved in a heated discussion. 4)The witnesss statement involves you in the robbery.,许多工人参加了罢工。,你解决你的问题，不要把我拉进去。,他参与了一场热烈的讨论。,证人的证词证明你与劫案有关。,2.assist help 帮助；援助；协助 1)Our monitor assists with many of our head teachers duties. 2)Two men are assisting the police in the enquiries. 3)你将协助史密斯先生准备一份报告。 总结：,班长帮我们班主任老师做了好多工作。,有两个人协助警方进行对他们的询问。,You will be required to assist Mr. Smith in preparing a report.,Assist sb in/with sth,Assist sb in doing sth,assistance assistant 4)Can I be of any _? 3.Eager adj.full of interest or desire 热切的，热心的，渴望的 1)We are eager for success. 2)全世界的人们都渴望和平。 3)Every child is eager to go to university. 总结：,帮助，帮忙，援助,助手，助理，店员,assistance,我们渴望成功。,People all over the world are eager for peaceful life.,Be eager for sth,Be eager to do sth,4.concentratefocus (ones attention, effort, etc.) on sth vt 处理; 冲洗 process a film / photos 冲洗胶卷/照片 Pictures are being processed. 图像正在处理中。,process datas 处理数据 process cakes 加工蛋糕 process n. 步骤; 程序; 过程; 工作流程 the process of 的步骤或过程 in (the) process of 在中; 在进行中 Reforming the education system will be a difficult process. 教育制度的改革将是一个艰苦的过程。,16. appointment n. 任命, 委派, 工作, 职位, 约会, 预约 appoint v. 任命, 委派确定或决定某事物 appoint that sth. (shall be done) 命令某事 take an appointment就职 by appointment按照约定 keep/ break ones appointment 守/违约 make/ fix an appointment with与某人约会 They were appointed to be headmasters . 他们被任命为校长。 I have an appointment for tea this afternoon . 我今天下午有一个喝茶的约会。,17.ahead of 有三个小伙子在我们面前。 我在最后期限的前几天完成了工作。 提前 拓展：前进；可以；往下说 18.department the Department of the Environment the English Department,(时间、空间)在-前面,Three boys were ahead of us.,I finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.,ahead of time=in advance,go ahead,部门，部，处，系,环境部,英语系,.accurate adj accurately adv 准确的描述/叙述/计算 a highly accurate electronic compass 19.senior adj n. a senior officer/manager/lecturer He is senior to me.,精确的，正确的,an accurate description/account/calculation,高度精确的电子罗盘仪,年长的，高年级的，高级的,高级军官/经理/讲师,他比我年长。,年长者，前辈，上司，前任着，高年级生,junior adj. 较幼的, 较小的 superior adj. 较高的, 优越的, 优良的, 不屈服的,注意: 本身都是比较级形式, 无须再添加more 或-er; 这三个词用于比较级中不与 than 连用, 而与 to 连用。,他经不住诱惑。 2) This engine is superior in many aspects. 这台发动机在很多方面性能都非常优越。,He is not superior to temptation.,3) He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。 4) I will have to ask my superior. N 上司 上级 那事我得先问一下我们公司老板。 5) He is wearing a superior smile. 他脸上带有高傲的微笑。,I am referring to John Jones Senior not John Jones Junior.,senior middle school junior middle school 20.polish vt Polish adj 用刷子把你的鞋子擦亮。,我说的是老约翰琼斯，不是小约翰琼斯。,高级中学,初级中学,擦亮，磨光，润色,波兰的,Polish your shoes with a brush.,如果你把这篇文章润色一下，我们会把它打印在报纸上。 21.chief adj n. 主要原因/问题/理由 chief executive officer (CEO),If you polish the article, we will print it in the newspaper.,主要的，首席的,首领，长官,the chief cause/problem/reason,首席执行官,国家元首,a chief of state,in chief 主编, 主要地，尤其, 在首席地位，总,the editor in chief,occupation, job, work, profession 辨析: 四个词都有“工作”之意。 occupation 较为正式, 经常用在填写表格上。 job 是可数名词, 可指一个单独任务, 也可指工作职位。 work 是不可数名词, 泛指一切工作。 profession 一般指需要专门技能, 尤指需要较 高教育水平的某一行业、职业, 如 医生或律师。,a. Please state your name, age and _ below. b. I have a few _ to do in the house this morning. c. Looking after children all day is hard _. d. Her husband is at the very top of medical _.,occupation,jobs,work,proff,profession,Language points,1 His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin, was to strongly influence his life as a journalist. 他与新上司胡昕的讨论对他的记者生涯必将产生强烈的影响。 Be to do 表示职责、义务、意图、约定、可能性或注定要发生的动作或事物。 如： You are to report to the police. 你应该报警。（义务） They are to be married. 他们打算结婚。（意图） The book was not to be found. 书找不到了。（可能性） Every member of the party was to pay his own expense. 参加晚会的所有人费用自理。（吩咐，命令）,2. His discussion with his new boss, Hu Xin, was to strongly influence his life. be to +动词原形, 这里表示将来的时态 (1) 表示(命中)注定, 结果是 卓别林发展了他自己的表演方式, 结果是 世界闻名。 Chaplin developed his own manner of acting, which was to become world-famous. 所有这些施与自然的错事都要遭报应的。 All these wrongs done to nature are to be answered for.,(2)表示按计划, 安排要发生的事情 美国总统布什下周要来拜访中国。 The American president Bush is to visit China next week. (3)表示义务, 命令, 应该做 你要在六点前完成这项工作。 You are to finish the work before six oclock.,1) 周杰伦十月六日将在上海演出。 2) 既然他学习那么努力, 他一定会成功的。 3) 你应该遵守学校的规章制度。,Jay Chou is to give a performance on Oct 6 in Shanghai.,Since he studies very hard, he is to succeed.,You are to obey the rules of our school.,表示将来的六种句型 will/ shall do 2. be going to do 3. be doing 4. be to do 5. do/does 6. be about to do,3 cover vt. 盖, 铺, 覆盖 他用一块布盖上了这张桌子。 He covered the table with a piece of cloth. 一辆路过的车溅了他一身泥。 He was covered with mud by a passing car. (2) 占有(时间,面积) 这座城市占地10平方英里。 The city covers ten square miles.,有记载的历史有5000年了。 Recorded history covers a period of five thousand years. (3) 走完, 走过 他们一天走了20英里。 They covered 20 miles a day. (4) 看完(多少页书) 现在我已经读完200页了。 I have covered 200 pages now. (5)支付(开支) 这家公司几乎不能支付它的花费。 The firm barely covers its costs.,十美元将会支付我们这次旅行所用汽油的花费。 Ten dollars will cover our petrol for the journey. (6) 包括, 涉及, 适用于 他的研究涉及范围很广。 His research covered a wide field. (7) 报道, 采访 记者们被派去采访这个事件。 Reporters were sent to cover the event.,4 submit v. 提交, 呈递 submit (that) 主张 He submits only that it is not Washington that should do the helping. submit an application /claim/proposal All applications must be submitted by Monday. v. 屈服, 顺从 They submitted an essay to the pressure.,5 No need for a camera. 此句是省略句, 原句为: There is no need for a camera. 拓展: There is no need (for sb.) to do sth. 没有必要做某事情 There is no need to worry about money. There is no need to be in such a hurry.,6 eager 与 anxious be eager for sth. 渴望, 期望 be anxious for /about sth. 担心, 忧虑 be eager to do sth./ be anxious to do sth. 后面跟不定式时, 意思一样, 表示渴望做, 急切地想. 我们都为他的安全担忧。 We were anxious for his safety. 这些疯狂的歌迷急切地想见Jay. These crazy fans are eager/anxious to see Jay. 我们渴望周末休息一下。 We are eager for a rest on weekend.,7 Not only am I interested in photography, but I took an amateur course at university to update my skills. Not onlybut also 引导的并列句, 如 not only位于句首, not only 所在句倒装。 Not only will I go, but also I will take my parents there.,8 skill n. 技能, 技巧 skilled adj. 有能力的; 有经验的; 训练过的 (反) unskilled The company is fortunate to have such highly skilled workers. Many Silicon Valley companies are growing so fast, they are eager to build a skilled high-tech workforce.,skillful adj. having or showing skill 有技巧的; 熟练的 They were highly professional and very skillful. We give him instruction in safe and skillful driving. Biological evolution has made the human species more sensitive to its environment and more skillful in dealing with it.,9 have a nose for sth. 对很敏感; 很善于发现 与nose 有关的短语： as plain as the nose in our face 一清二楚 win by a nose 侥幸取胜 lead sb. by the nose 完全控制某人 follow ones nose 笔直走; 凭直觉行事 nose to nose 面对面地 turn up ones nose at 对.嗤之以鼻; 瞧不起 under ones nose 当着某人的面 with ones nose in the air 非常傲慢, 自高自大,10. meanwhile: 期间, 同时 The teacher was having his class. Meanwhile, that boy fell asleep. After graduation, he got a job. Meanwhile, his good friends went to college. in the meanwhile/ meantime 与此同时, 在此期间,The next programme starts in the minutes; _, here is some music. Which is wrong? in the meantime B. in the meanwhile C. while D. meanwhile,C,11 in that case 如果那样 You say your father might object? In that case, I will not press the matter. in any case 不管怎样 In any case, you must finish your homework. in no case 在任何情况下都不, 放在句首要倒装 In no case are you to leave your post. in case 以防; 如果, 万一 Take your umbrella in case it rains. I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some in case. in case of 万一, 如果 In case of fire, ring 119.,注意: case, situation, position, condition, stage, point等作先行词时,其后的定语从句用 where引导, 相当于in which。,1) He will come, _ (那样的话)Ill ask him to help. 2) She suffered from illness and _ (在那种情况下)her husband had to stay home.,in which case,in that case,3) Have you ever had a case _ your teacher had done you wrong? 4) _ (万一) he calls me, tell him that I will ring him back. 5) _ (就像小鸟一样), young people will leave home when growing up. 11. accuse vt. 控告, 指控, 通常和of 连用 The police accused him of murder. He was accused of robbing the bank.,where,In case,As is often the case with birds,12. sceptical adj. 怀疑的 sceptically adv. sceptical about/of Im extremely sceptical about what I read in the press. Environmental groups are sceptical of the governments claims.,13. be supposed to do 应该, 理应, 含有本应如何, 但事实并非如此之意 She was supposed to be reading at home at that time, but her mother found her in the park. He was supposed to have finished his homework, but he played all the morning. be not supposed to do 表示不允许 You are not supposed to talk in class.,II. 翻译 我们必须致力于改进教育工作。 (concentrate . on),We must concentrate our efforts on improving education.,2. 在场的所有人都认为他没有说实话。 (tell the truth),All the people present thought he didnt tell the truth.,3. 他被派去报道那次会议的有关情况。 (cover) 4. 那本书找不到了。(be to do) 5. 只有当你经历了很多磨难后, 你才知道 幸福的可贵。(only if),He was sent to cover that meeting.,The book was not to be found.,Only if you experience much hardship can you value the happiness.,6. 他被指控杀人并被宣判死罪。 (be accused of) 7. 为了占到好座位, 我和玛丽很早 就去了。(so as to) 8. 我以为我们今天会领到电影票呢。 (be supposed to),He is accused of murder and sentenced to death.,Mary and I went early so as to get good seats.,I thought we were supposed to get movie tickets today.,Language points 2,1. section 栏, 版, 节, 部分 the sports section edition 版次, 版数 the 3rd edition of the novel/a cheap edition / the city edition of New York Times editor n. 编辑 edit v.编辑, 剪辑 edit sth. out of (sth.) 删除,issue / number 期数 the latest issue of Newsweek copy 册数, 副本 six thousand copies of the book,2. gifted 有天赋的 As a gifted musician, he not only can play music but has a gift for composing, so people call him a man of many gifts and sent him a piano as his birthday gift.,3. ahead of 在之前; 比强(好) 我们前面有条河。 北京的时间比新疆早4个小时。 他的思想总是领先于那个时代。 他是班上最优秀的学生。,get ahead 成功, 发迹, 前进 go ahead 前进, 进行, 继续(事情), (祈使)干吧 (开始吧), 请吧 look ahead 展望(未来), 朝前看,4 set to work = get / settle down to work 开始工作 一接到这个任务, 我们立即开始了工作。 On receiving the assignment, we immediately set to work. The workers set to repairing the bridge.,5. accurate adj. 正确无误的, 精确的, 准确的 归纳拓展 accuracy n. 准确, 精确 precise adj. 精确的, 独特的, 精细的 exact adj. 正确的, 准确的, 严谨的, 精密的 accurately adv. 精确, 准确 correct adj.正确的, 准确,1)_ statistics, measurements, calculations, are very important. 2) Its impossible to say with any _ how many are affected. 3) This is the _ dress for a formal dinner. 4) The _ time is three minutes and thirty-five seconds.,Accurate,accuracy,correct,exact,5) They both came here at _ the same time. 6) He is _ in everything. 7) The diagram had been copied with great _. 8) He is a man with a _ mind.,exactly,precise,precision,precise,6. pass sth on to sb 把传给某人 We must manage to pass the news of her death on to her mother. Pass the letter on to the others in the class.,pass sth down (to sb) 把传给下一代 hand sth down (to sb) 传递某物/将某物传给下一代 hand sth on (to sb) 将某物递给或送交某人,7. approve v. 赞成, 认可, 满意, 批准, 通过 approval n. 赞成、同意、认可 on approval (指货物)不满意可以退换的 approving adj. 赞许的、认可的,You can join the class if your mother approves. 你可以参加这个班, 如果你母亲同意的话。 2) You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve it. 你作出了一个好决定, 我不折不扣(衷心)地表示赞同。,3) She received many approving glances. 她赢得了很多赞许的目光。 4) I dont approve of smoking in bed. 我不赞成躺在床上吸烟。（赞成 同意 支持）,8. When do you think is convenient for you? 句中do you think 作插入语, 英语中do you think / suppose / believe/ imagine等和疑问代词或疑问副词连用时, 常把疑问代(副)词置于句首, 而把do you think置于句中。,提示: do you think 置于句中,句子的语序应该为正常语序, 不再使用倒装语序; 这类结构也可以用于定语从句里作为插入语。,What do you think _? A. is he interested in B. interested he C. he is interested in D. does he interest (2) Who do you think _? A. broke the window B. of breaking the window C. to break the window D. did he break the window,C,A,5. front page article 6. main heading 7. film negatives 8. copy-editor,头版新闻,主标题,胶片,技术编辑,III. 汉译英或英译汉。 1. 主编 chief editor 2. 独家新闻 scoop 3. 新闻文 news desk editor 4. 国际新闻编辑部 International NewsDepartment,