英语国家概况.ppt

Chapter One,Geography, People and Language,Contents,I Geography,1. Geographical Feature 2. Climate 3. Major Cities,Map of the UK,Read the map to find: Atlantic Ocean North Sea Irish Sea The English Channel (The Channel Tunnel ) The Republic of Ireland,Geography,The official title of the UK the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland The UK is made up of: Great Britain (the formerly separate England and Scotland, and Wales. ) Northern Ireland Numerous smaller islands,Title and Make up of the UK,Location and territory,Location of the UK: The mainland areas lie between latitudes 49N and 61N and longitudes 8W to 2E Total territory: 242,910 square kilometers Interesting Fact: No one in the UK lives more than 120 km (75 miles) from the sea.,Topography,Northern Ireland: Its mostly hilly.,Wales: Its mostly mountainous. South Wales is less mountainous than North and Mid Wales.,Scotland: Its geography is varied, with lowlands in the south and east and highlands in the north and west.,England: it consists of lowland terrain, with some mountainous terrain in the north-west, north and south-west.,Ben Nevis in Scotland the highest point in UK,Rivers and Lakes,The longest river: Severn River (354 kilometers long) The second longest river: Thames (332 kilometers long) The largest Lake: Lough Neagh,Thames,Lake District,Lake poets,I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud -William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloudThat floats on high oer vales and hills,When all at once I saw a crowd,A host, of golden daffodils;Beside the lake, beneath the trees,Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.Continuous as the stars that shineAnd twinkle on the milky way,They stretched in never-ending lineAlong the margin of a bay:Ten thousand saw I at a glance,Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.,Lake poets,The waves beside them danced; but theyOut-did the sparkling waves in glee:A poet could not but be gay,In such a jocund company:I gazed-and gazed-but little thoughtWhat wealth the show to me had brought:For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.,2. Climate,Main characteristics: Temperate, with warm summers, cold winters and plenty rainfall Three major features: Winter fog Rainy days Instability/changeability,3. Major Cities London,The River Thames,the capital of England and of Great Britain the political center of the Commonwealth a major port one of the worlds leading banking and financial centers.,Landmarks ,Geoffrey Chaucer,3. Modern English (15th ),The printing pressbrought standardization of English Samuel Johnsons dictionaryestablished a standard form of spelling Renaissanceassimilated foreign words throughout the Renaissance The Industrial Revolutionnecessitated the introduction of new words for new things and ideas The rise of the British Empire or the Commonwealth of Nationsled to the assimilation of words from many other languages,Othello,by William Shakespeare 1603 La: Tho in the trade of warre, I haue flaine men, Yet doe I hold it very ftuft of Confcience. To doe no contriud murrher; I lacke iniquity Sometimes to doe feruice: nine or ten times, I had thought to haue ierkd him here, Vnder the ribbes. Oth.: Tis better as it is. Which can be translated as: La: Though in the trade of war I have slain man, Yet do I hold it very stuff o the conscience. To do no contrived murder: I lack iniquity Sometimes to do me service: nine or tem times I had thought to have yerkd him here under the ribs. Othello: Tis better as it is.,Shakespeare,4. Standard English,based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England adopted as a broadcasting standard in the British media also called as Queens English or BBC English based on the London dialect becoming a universal Lingua Francathe world language,Thank You !,