高中化学选修5化学方程式总汇(4页).doc

-高中化学选修5化学方程式总汇-第 4 页有机化学方程式（选修五）烷烃（甲烷为例）光照1CH4Cl2 CH3ClHCl .点燃2CnH2n+2(3n1)/2O2 nCO2(n1)H2O烯烃（乙烯为例）1CH2=CH2Br2CH2BrCH2Br催化剂催化剂2CH2=CH2H2O CH3CH2OH3CH2=CH2HCl CH3CH2Cl催化剂4CH2=CH2H2 CH3CH3催化剂5nCH2=CH2 CH2CH2n点燃6CnH2n3n/2O2 nCO2nH2O炔烃（乙炔为例）催化剂1CHCH2H2 CH3CH3催化剂2CHCHHCl CH2=CHCl3.CHCHBr2 CHBr=CHBr4CHCH2Br2CHBr2CHBr2 Cl催化剂5nCH2=CHCl CH2 CH n苯浓硫酸55601 HNO3 NO2H2OFeCl32 Br2 (液溴) Br HBr催化剂3 3H2 苯的同系物（甲苯为例）CH3O2NNO2NO2CH3浓硫酸55601 3HNO3 3H2OKMnO4(H+)COOHCH32、 H2O170卤代烃（溴乙烷为例）1CH3CH2BrNaOH CH3CH2OHNaBr醇2CH3CH2BrNaOH CH2=CH2NaBrH2O醇12CH3CH2OH2Na 2CH3CH2ONaH2浓硫酸1702CH3CH2OHHBr CH3CH2BrH2O3CH3CH2OH CH2=CH2H2O浓硫酸14042CH3CH2OH CH3CH2OCH2CH3H2OCu或Ag52CH3CH2OHO2 2CH3CHO2H2OCu或Ag62CH3CH(OH)CH3O2 2CH3COCH3H2O催化剂7. C(CH3)3 OHO2 很难被氧化ONaOH酚（苯酚为例）12 2Na2 H2 ONaOH 2 NaOH H2OOHONa3 CO2 H2O NaHCO3 OHONa4 Na2CO3 NaHCO3OHBrBrBrOH5 3Br2 3HBrFeCl3溶液OH6. 溶液呈紫色醛（乙醛为例）催化剂1CH3CHOH2 CH3CH2OH催化剂22CH3CHOO2 2CH3COOH3CH3CHO2Ag(NH3)2OH CH3COONH43NH3H2O2Ag4CH3CHO2Cu(OH)2+NaOH CH3COONaCu2O3H2O羧酸 酯浓硫酸1CH3CHOOHCH3CH2OHCH3COOCH2CH3H2O稀硫酸2CH3COOCH2CH3H2OCH3CHOOHCH3CH2OH3. CH3COOCH2CH3NaOH CH3CHOONaCH3CH2OH