高中英语经典句型归纳(6页).doc

-高中英语经典句型归纳-第 6 页高中英语句型归纳1. be doing/ be about to do。be on the point of doing / had done, when(when：这时, 强调一个动作的突然发生)1). I was walking along the river, when I heard a drowning boy cry for help.2). I was about to leave when it began to rain.3). I had just finished my test paper when the bell rang, announcing the exam was over.2. It was (not ) + 时间段+before +一般过去时 过了一段时间就. It will (not )be+ 时间段+before +一般现在时 要过一段时间才会 It is/ has been +时间段+ since. It was +点时间+ when. It was +时间状语+ that .（强调句）1). It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境危险 （动作已发生）2). It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 还有半年你才从这个学校毕业（动作未发生）3). It is 3 years since he worked here.=he left here.（since从句中的谓语若是延续性，要从这个动作结束的时候算起）4). It was 3 oclock when they received the telephone.5) It was at 3 oclock that they received the telephone.3. no 比较级 than: A 与B都不 /仅仅，只有 not比较级 than: A 不如B / 不超过，至多 more than 与其.倒不如(= not as/ so.as) more than=not only 不仅仅. 1). He works no harder than I. 他和我都不用功 2). He doesnt work harder than I. 他不如我用功 3). There are no more than seven people in the room. 屋里仅有七个人4). There are not more than seven people in the room. 屋里至多有七个人5). He is more diligent than clever. 与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋à He is not as/ so clever as diligent.6)It is more like a meeting than like a party.-> It is not as a party as a meeting7).Mr. Zhang is more than my teacher, he is also my best friend.张先生不仅仅是我的老师，他还是我的朋友 4. once.一旦., 表示时间和条件1)Once you understand what the teacher explained, you will have no difficulty doing the work.2). Once you have decided to do something, you should finish it and do it well.5. The +比较级.，the +比较级.越, 越 1) The more books you read, the more knowledge you will get. 2)The busier he is, the happier he feels.6. whether.or. 无论是.还是.1). Whether the weather is good or bad, they will set off as they planned. 2). Any person, whether young or old, has his own worth.7. 祈使句+ or/otherwise +结果句 或 祈使句+ and +结果句 1). Stop doing such foolish thing, or you will be punished in time. 2). More effort, and the problem would have been settled. 3). Think it over, and you will find the answer.8. so/ such.that.引导结果状语从句时须注意l 当名词前many, much, little, few有修饰时, 用so不用such因为此时的中心词不再 是名词，而是many, much, little, few 这些表示数量的词。 1). The westerners eat so much fat and sugar that they put on weight easily. 2). There are so few fish in the lake that we couldnt fish them easily.l 当名词是单数可数名词，前面又由adj.修饰时，注意冠词的位置，即so+ adj +a(n)+n 或such+ a(n) + adj.+ n 1). He is such an honest person/ so honest a person that you can depend on him when you are in trouble.l 当so/such引导的部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构 1). Such great progress has he made in his studies that we all admire him.l 当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such.as to do结构。 1).The westerners eat so much fat and sugar as to put on weight easily.9. so that 引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句l so that 引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用（= in order that），当主从句主语一致时可转换为so as to do/ in order to do. 1). He turned up the radio a little so that he could hear the news clearly. He turned up the radio a little so as to hear the news clearly.2). He closed all the windows while driving so that he shouldnt catch cold.(否定句中情态动词用shouldnt)l so that 引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用 1). He turned up the radio a little so that he heard the news clearly.10. How did sb come to do.? = How come that.为什么会./是怎么回事？表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释 1). How did you come to find out where shes living?= How come that you found out. 你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的? 2). How come that you sat there ,doing nothing?为什么坐在那儿什么也不干? 3). How did he come to be so foolish?11.every time/ each time/ next time/ the first time/ any time等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当., 每次,下次.” 1). Every time you meet with new words while reading, dont always refer to your dictionary. àWhen you meet with new words every time. 2) Next time you come , do remember to bring your son here. 3) You are welcome to come back any time you want to.12 There is (no) need to do./ for .-àIt is( not )necessary for sb. to do. There is( no )hope/ chance / possibility of doing. There is( no )difficulty/ trouble/ point/ delay( in )doing 1). Is there any chance of us/ our winning the match? 2). There is no point in discussing the problem again.There be 句型：l there be 之后如有几个并列主语，be 动词的选择要取决于第一个主语，即就近原则。 1). There is a pen and two books on the desk.-> There are two books and a pen on the desk.l There be 句型中，be动词还有其他变化形式，常见的有：There seem to be, There happen to be, There used to be, There is likely to be, There have been/has been 等 1). There seems/ appears to be much hope of our team winning the match. 2). There happened to be nobody in the room when I came in. 3). There have been great changes in my hometown since 1978. 4). There used to be a bus station at the corner of the street. 5). There are likely to be more difficulties than expected while we are carrying out the plan.13. it 强调句：l 基本构成形式：It is/ was +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分 e.g.: I met him in the street yesterday afternoon. à It was I who/ that met him in the street yesterday afternoon.(强调是我，不是别人) à It was him who/ that I met in the street yesterday afternoon.( 强调我遇见的是他，不是别人) à It was in the street that I met him yesterday afternoon.( 强调是在大街上，不是在别 的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where) à It was yesterday afternoon that I met him in the street (强调是 昨天下午，不是在别 的时候, 强调的是时间，但不用when)l 强调句的一般疑问句：Is/ Was it +被强调部分+ who/ that+原句剩余部分l 强调句的特殊疑问句：What/ When/ Where/ Who/ Howis/ was it + who/ that+原 句剩余部分1). Who was it that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon? àTell me who it was that/ who you met in the street yesterday afternoon?14.do, did, does 用于强调谓语动词，加强语气1). He is a good student.-> He does be a good student2). He helped us yesterday. à He did help us yesterday.3). Be careful! à Do be careful!15. not/ never . until 直到.才 1). The villagers didnt realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. àIt was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was. (强调句) àNot until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句）16 not only. but (also).l 引导并列结构：主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。 1). Not only the teacher but also the students have their eyes examined regularly.Not only the students but also the teacher has his eyes examined regularly. 2). They suggested we should not only attend the party, but give a performance. à They suggested we should give a performance as well as attend the partyl not only. but (also).引导并列句时，not only引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装 1). Not only was everything he had taken away, but also his German citizenship was taken away. 2). Not only should we students study hard, but also we should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.17. prefer to do A rather than do B（两者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B = would rather do A than do B 1). I prefer to stay at home rather than go to the park in such weather. 2). Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefer to ride a bicycle.18. would rather +从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式， 表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望） 1). Id rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在就把信寄出去。 2). -A friend of yours will come to see you today. 你的一位朋友今天要来看你。 - Id rather he came here tomorrow. 我倒情愿他明天来。 3). Id rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. 我倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。 4). Id rather I hadnt seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没见到她。不能用would rather sb. do （更愿让某人干某事）的形式，可转化为would rather have sb do或转化为 would rather +从句 *1). Who would you rather _ with the teacher about the problem? A. talking B. talk C. have talked D. have talk 答案：D19. so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句l 表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so, neither/ nor 引导得倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。 1). He has finished his homework, so have I. 2). My sister prefers coffee, so do I. 3). John cant ride a bicycle, neither/ nor can I. 4). If he buys the book, so will his classmates.l 若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用It is /was the same with sb. 或 So it is/ was with sb. 1). He is a worker and he works hard, so it is with John.l 若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。 1). -It is cold today. -Yes. So it is 2). -He visited Tokyo last week. - Yes. So he did.20. 倍数表达法：l A + 谓语+倍数+the +n.(size/ height/ length)+of Bl A + 谓语+倍数+as + abj. + as Bl A + 谓语+倍数+adj. 比较级+than Bà A + 谓语+adj. 比较级+than B+by+倍数1).This square is twice the size of that one. à This square is twice as large as that one. à This square is once larger than that one.2).This factory produced three times as many cars as they did 10 years ago.3).He is 3 years older than I-à He is older than I by 3 years21. sb. spend money/ time on sth./in doing sth sb. pay money (to sb) for sth. sth. cost sb. money/ time It takes sb. some time to do sth.1). The time he spends watching TV is as much as he does doing his homework.2). The mp3. for which he paid only ￥150 proved to be useful.3). The naughty boy cost his mother many sleepless nights.“随进展”，as 后面接句子，with后面接短语 1). With the industry developing, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.àAs the industry develops, the pollution is becoming more and more serious.23. with 的复合结构（作状语或作定语）l with+ n. +adj. (with可以省略)1).(With) the street wet and slippery, we had to ride our bikes slowly and carefully.àBecause the street were wet and slippery, .2). The students were listening to the teacher, (with)their eyes wide open. à The students were listening to the teacher, and their eyes were wide open.l with+ n. +adv. (with可以省略)1). He put on his coat hurriedly, (with) the wrong side outl with+ n. +prep-phrase (with可以省略)1). The old man was seated in the sofa, (with) a pipe in his mouth.(Also: pipe in mouth)l with+ n.+ to do/ to be done （动词不定式的动作还未进行）with+ n.+ doing/ being done （动词不定式的动作正在进行）with+ n.+ done （动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n. 所处的状态）1). With so many problems to settle, the newly-elected president is having a hard year.2). He was lying in bed, with his eyes fixed on the ceiling3). With the temple being repaired, we cant visited it.24. 以here, there, in, out, up, down等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作。)1). Here comes the bus! (=The bus is coming here! ) 2). Away he went. 他走远了（若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装）25 方位状语位于句首时的倒装句1). In front of the house stopped a police car.2).Under the tree sat a boy, with a book in his hand.26. 具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。常用的此有：little, never, seldom, hardly, rarely, no sooner, in no time, by no means, in no case 等1). Not a single mistake did he make in the exam.2). In no time did the man realize what was happening.3).In no case can you tell him the truth.4). Hardly had the train left when he remembered he had left his suitcase on it. No sooner had the train left than he remembered he had left his suitcase on it.27.the moment, the minute, immediately, directly, on doing表示“一.就”1). On arriving (his arrival )at the airport, he was surrounded by the reporters .2). -Have you give John the book? -Yes, the moment I saw him.28. while/ but ：while侧重两者之间的对比，but 多指一件事的两个对立面。1). He likes listening to music while I like watching TV.2). I badly wanted that book, but I havent enough money.29. only to do 作结果状语，多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。动词多是终结性的词，如：find, learn, to be told, to be caught等1). His father disappeared, never to heard from again.2). He hurried to his office, only to be told that he was dismissed.30.only +状语的结构放在句首，主句要部分倒装1). The teacher told me that only in that way, could I learn English well.2). I received my mothers call at 11a.m., only then did I remember it was my birthday today.31. What do you think of? （这三个句式用来询问某人对某个事物的评价或看法， How do you find? 其回答应该是评价性的话语） How do you like.?1). -How do you find the film last night? -I have never seen a worse one before.32. What is/waslike? 用来询问人或事物的特征或本质1). -What is your mother like? -She is a very nice person./ She is very beautiful./ She looks like her father.2). -What is the weather going to be this weekend? -It is going to be fine.33. taste, smell, look, sound, feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。1). Apple of this kind taste very nice.2). Smelling nice, this kind of bread sells well.34.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某种特征。常用的词有sell, cut , wash, last, burn等。1).His latest work sells well2). Dry wood burns easily.35.否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义 1).I have never seen a better film. 2).I cant agree you more. 我非常同意36It的句型1. 不定式作主语，it作形式主语： It +系动词+adj./ n.+ for sb. to do (for sb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者) It +系动词+adj.+ of sb. to do （of sb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者有表示人所具备的性质或特征）1). Its important for us to have a good knowledge of English.2). How rude of him to treat a child like that!3). Its thoughtful of him to fix us up for the night.2. 不定式作宾语，it作形式宾语： 主语+think/ consider/believe/ make/ feel+ it +adj./n. +for sb./ of sb. +to do 1). I feel it foolish of him to believe such a man. 2). The timely rain had made it possible for the crops to grow well.3. It is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed.that Sb. is said/ thought/ hoped/ believed to do. 1). It is said that he is studying abroad.-> He is said to be studying abroad. 2).It is considered that many countries highly value Chinas role in helping worlds peace. à Many countries is considered to highly value Chinas role in helping worlds peace.4. when it comes to. 当谈到或涉及到 1). He is a man of few words, but when it comes to playing computer, he will be excited and full of energy. 2). When it comes to helping his wife with the housework, John never complains.5.It is up to sb. to do sth. 应由某人来做某事. 1) -When shall we start out? -Its up to you to decide. 2). Its up to you to babysit my so while I am away on business.be up to sth. 忙于., 从事., 胜任. 1). John isnt really up to that job. 约翰不适合干那项工作 2).What have you been up to recently? 最近你一直在忙些什么6. It is time to do/ It is time that +主语+动词的一般过去式 该是做.的时候了 It is time that we ended the discussion.37. 虚拟语气中的重点句型l If +were/ did (动词过去式)， 主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+do（用来表示对现在情况的假设）1). I dont have a cellphone. If I had one , it would be convenient for me to contract others.l If +had done (过去完成式)，主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+havedone（用来表示对过去情况的假设）1). If I had gone to the concert, I would have seen the famous singer.l If +were/ did (动词过去式)， 主语+情态动词（would, could, might, should）+ do were to do should do （用来表示对将来情