选修7unit1-3单元重要知识点归纳(7页).doc

-选修7unit1-3单元重要知识点归纳-第 7 页选修7Unit 11. disable v. 使.失去能力disabled adj. 伤残的 the disabled 残疾人; 伤残者 disability ds'blt n. 伤残;无能;无力2. ambition n.野心;雄心 ambitious adj. 有雄心的;野心勃勃的 be ambitious for sb/sth. 对某人/某事怀有热切的希望 be ambitious to do sth. 对(做)某事怀有热切的希望 ambitiously adv.野心勃勃地3. beneficial adj. 有益的;受益的 be beneficial to(介词) 对有益; 对有利 beneficially adv.受益地; 获利地 benefit vt.有益于;有助于; n.益处;帮助（benefit from从、中受益） 4. in other words相当于that is, that is to say，意思是“换句话说、也就是说”。in a word= in one word= in short，意为“总之，总而言之，一句话”5. adapt (oneself) to sth. 使某人适应adapt sth. for sb. 为某人改编(改写) be adapted from 根据(由)改编(改写)的6. at a time 一次, 依次, 每次 at one time (过去)有个时期, 一度, 曾经at the same time 同时 in time 及时at any time 在任何时候 on time 准时all the time 一直 at times 有时 in no time 立刻 ahead of time 提前from time to time 不时地7. used to表示“过去常常做”be used to do sth. 被用来做某事be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事8. absence n.缺席;不在(某处) absent adj.缺席的;不在的 vt.使缺席;使离开 be absent from缺席;不在 presence n.出席;到场 present adj.出席的;在场的;现在的 9. 关于breath的短语：catch ones breath 歇口气, 缓口气hold ones breath 屏住呼吸take / draw a deep breath 深吸一口气10. annoy vt. 使不悦;惹怒;打扰 annoyed adj. (人)感到生气(恼怒)的 annoying adj. (事情)惹人生气的 annoyance n. 烦恼;烦扰常用搭配：be annoyed with sb. 对某人感到生气be annoyed for /at/about sth. 对感到恼火to ones annoyance 让某人恼火的是11. 与all有关的短语：all in all 总而言之in all 总共 all in all 总之 after all 终究，毕竟 first of all 首先 above all 首要的;最重要的 not at all 根本不, 一点也不all the best一切顺利 12. make fun of 取笑, 嘲笑 play a joke/ trick on sb. 开某人的玩笑13. resign (v.) 辞职；委托, 把.交托给(to, into)resign from 辞去职务resign . to. 把. 托付给resignation n. 辞职，辞呈14. congratulate vt. 祝贺，庆贺15. cut out 切掉,删掉 cut down砍倒; 削减,压缩cut up切破碎cut off切断, 停掉;隔绝, 挡住16. have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难 have difficulty/ trouble with sth. 在有困难17. sit around 闲坐着 as well as 和，也 never mind 不必担心meet with 遇到，经历，会晤18.与way 相关的短语：make ones way 走，行走，前进 by the way 通过渠道 in no way不可能 in the way 挡道in a way在某种程度上,从某一点上看 lose ones way 迷路选修7Unit 21. desire n. 渴望；欲望；渴求 短语：have a desire for sth/ to do sth 渴望(做)某事eg. He has a strong desire for knowledge / to learn用法：desire后面可接名词、代词、动词不定式以及从句作宾语，也可接复合宾语(desire sb to do：希望某人做某事)。后接从句时，从句谓语用“(should +) 动词原形”。egThe Queen desires that you _ (come) at once.2. test out考验；充分检验；测试；试验eg. Scientists test out theories by experiment3. alarm : 1) n. C 警报的声音或信号; 警报装置警报 U 惊慌; 恐慌2) vt 警告或惊吓（人或动物）; 使惊觉; 惊动 in alarm 惊慌地相关词组：be alarmed at sth 对、感到惶恐; 被某物吓了一跳4. sympathy 'simpi n. 同情（心）搭配 express sympathy for (对表示)慰问 feel /have sympathy for 同情 in sympathy with 同情；赞成；跟着；和一致派生 sympathetic ,simp'etik adj. 同情的 sympathize 'simpaiz v. 同情，赞同，支持 sympathizer 'simpaiz n.支持者5. favour /favor n. 喜爱；恩惠 vt. 喜爱；赞同搭配： in favor of 赞成；支持do sb. a favor 给某人以恩惠；帮某人一个忙favor A over B 喜欢A胜过B=prefer A to B6. accompany vt. 陪伴(go with sb)；伴奏7. ring up 给打电话 call (sb) up give sb a call/ring;make a (telephone) callcall sb on the telephonephone/telephone sb挂断电话ring off;hang up回电话call back;ring back8. declare vt. 宣布；声明；表明；宣称派生：declaration n.宣布；宣言 declarer 宣告者搭配 declare for 声明赞成 declare against 声明反对，表态反对辨析：announce 指对公众或特定的一群关心的人进行宣布，常指大家感兴趣的事，如国家大事、商品信息、生死病婚、开会等新闻 declare 指在庄严场合，官方权威人士公开郑重宣布，有时指在公共场合对某事表明态度9. leave alone不管；别惹；让一个人待着；和单独在一起联想：leave behind 遗留，把撇在后面 leave out 漏掉，忽略 10set aside 把放在一边；留出，拨出(金钱或时间）联想：用适当的词填空。(1) set about doing sth. 开始，着手 = set out to do sth,(2)set down sth. 记下,写下 (3)set off 开始, 动身；（使）爆炸 (4)set up 建立；竖立，升起11. be bound to do sth. 有 的义务， 注定要 eg. If you work hard, you'll be bound to succeed12. staff n. 全体员工；手杖用法：表示全体员工，是集体名词，作主语时，若看做整体，谓语动词用单数；若看做整体中的成员，谓语动词用复数。eg. 这所大学的教师都是出类拔萃的。 The teaching staff of this college is/are excellent.13. junior adj. 较年幼的；资历较浅/地位较低的 n. 年少者；晚辈；等级较低者搭配：be junior to sb. 比某人年少 be senior to sb 比某人年长14. talent n. 天才；特殊能力；才干搭配 have a talent/gift for 有的才能/天赋派生 talented adj. 有才能的；天才的 talent show 才艺展示15. divorce n. 离婚；断绝关系 vt. 与离婚；与脱离提醒：正如表示“和某人结婚”，不用marry with sb一样，表示“同某人离婚”，也不说divorce with sb。因为marry和divorce本身是及物动词，本身就含“和结婚/离婚”之意。(marry/divorce sb)搭配： divorce from：脱离同separate from16. obey vi.& vt. 服从；顺从派生：disobey (反义词)不服从，不顺从17.区别：event affair matter thing business event指具有重要性的大事 eg. the main event of 2006 2006年的主要大事affair 表示“事件”时，常与某人、某事或某地有关 eg. the Water affair水门事件 表示“公共事务；政治事务；个人的事” eg. world affairs 世界事务 matter指“事情，问题”eg. private matter私事thing 既表示抽象概念，又可指具体的行为、做法、困难等eg. a difficult thing to do难做的事business 主要指（需要处理或讨论的）重要事情，要点 eg. the main business of the meeting会议的主要议题注：business, affair, thing还可与形容词连用，表示“事情；事件；状况”18. satisfaction n. 满意，满足 （with satisfaction 满意地，知足地）vt. satisfy 使满足 satisfied adj. 感到满意的 satisfying adj.令人满意地eg. I am satisfied with the result of the exam.19. turn around 转身；回转；旋转;好转,有起色turn on/off 打开/关闭 turn up/down 出现/拒绝turn out( to be) 证明是，结果是20. envy vt. & n. 忌妒；羡慕envy+sb.(for sth.) 忌妒/羡慕某人某事envy sb. doing sth. 羡慕某人做某事envy ( n ) of sb / at sth 妒忌某人 / 事out of envy 出于妒忌选修7Unit 31. ahead of（表示空间）在前面；（表示时间）先，预先2. 阻止某人做某事：Stop/keep/prevent sb.(from) doing sth(keep后的from不可以省略)protect sb from doing sth 保护某人以免受损害3.in the meantime在此期间；与此同时（同义词：meanwhile）4.help.out帮助（某人）摆脱困境或危难；协助help sb.(to) do sth.帮某人做某事help (to) do sth.帮忙做某事cannot help doing sth.禁不住做某事cannot help but do sth.不能不/不得不做某事help oneself (to sth.)自用；自取所需（食物等）help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事5.be/become aware of对知道、明白；意识到(1)be aware thatclause知道；体会到make sb.aware that.提醒某人注意make sb.aware of.使某人注意到as far as Im aware据我所知(2)develop an awareness of.逐渐懂得lack of awareness缺乏认识易混辨异aware,concious二者都可表示“意识到的”，都可用于be aware/conscious of结构。(1)aware指感官上的知觉。Im aware that she is dishonest.我知道她不诚实。I suddenly felt aware of somebody watching me.我突然觉得有人盯着我看。(2)conscious指内心所意识到的感觉。He is hurt but still conscious.他受了伤，不过神志还清醒。6.upside down上下翻转；颠倒的（地）；乱七八糟的（地）7.scare vt. 恐吓；vi.受惊吓。(1)scare sb.away/off把某人吓跑scare sb.into/out of sth.(doing sth.)吓得某人做/不敢做某事(2)scared adj.惊恐的，恐惧的be scared of害怕be scared to do sth.害怕干某事(3)scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的8. urge vt.催促 极力主张 驱策(1)urge sth./sb.on催促某物/某人前进urge sb.to do sth.催促某人做某事urge sb.into doing sth.催促某人做某事(2)urge that.极力主张，强调，从句谓语形式为(should)+动词原形It is urged that.坚决要求，从句谓语形式为（should）+动词原形9. accommodation n.住处停留处；和解，调解；(pl.)住宿，膳宿(1)make accommodations for.为提供膳宿arrange sb.s accommodation给某人安排住处（2）accommodate vt.向提供住宿（或膳宿）；容纳；为提供空间；考虑到；顾及；帮忙；给提供方便；顺应，适应（新情况）accommodate.to=adapt.to使适应accommodate oneself to=adapt (oneself) to适应；顺应accommodate sb.with sth.=supply sb.with sth.给某人提供10. abandon vt.遗弃,放弃 n. 放任，放纵abandon oneself to.纵情；沉溺于with abandon放纵地，放任地abandoned adj.无约束的；无度的；放荡的易混辨异abandon,desert,quit,cancel(1)abandon与desert都可指抛弃、遗弃某人，但desert常指逃避义务或违背誓约等，有责难之意。(2)quit指停止或放弃信仰、行动、工作等，如quit smoking停止吸烟；quit the job辞职。(3)cancel指取消原定的计划或安排。11.reflect vt.映射反射 vi. & vt. 思考reflect on/upon sth.思考某事reflection n.反射，反照，反映；映像be lost in reflection陷入沉思中12. It took over half an hour to get the boat back to James,.我们花了半个小时 才把船调转过头来，回到詹姆斯落水的地 方,归纳总结(1)在It takes (sb.) some time/sth.to do sth.句型中，take意为“ ”，take前也可用具体名词作主语。It takes/took/will take sb.some time to do sth.是一固定句型。也可用于It takes/took/will take sb.some money to do sth.。(2)it作形式主语时，还可构成以下句型：强调句型：It is+被强调部分+who/that.It is the first/second time that.某人第几次做某事It is (high) time that sb.did/should do sth.是某人该做的时候了Its said/reported/thought that.据说/报道/认为Its a pity/a shame/a wonder that.可惜/奇怪的是It happens/appears/seems that.恰巧/好像It seems/looks as if.看起来好像Its up to sb.to do sth.该某人做某事13. sort out整理；挑出; 处理(问题困难)sort through 翻查;归整14. throw oneself out of 跃出联想拓展throw away 扔掉throw up 呕吐throw at 对准向扔去(希望击中)throw to 向(方向)扔去 15. bring in带来; 获利，赚；求援；求助；引进联想拓展bring about 引起，导致，产生bring back 归还 bring down 使倒下;降低;减少 bring on 使前进bring out 使显现;出版 bring up 教育;抚养;呕吐