2022年初中英语一般过去时批课讲义 .pdf
学习必备欢迎下载一般过去时一、概念：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为。二、标志与表示过去的一些时间状语连用1. yesterday 或以其构成的短语： yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；2. 由“last+ 时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week) 等；3. 由“时间段 +ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago 等；4. 其它： just now等三、使用情况：（1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。I got （get 的过去式） a fight with my boyfriend. 我昨天和我男朋友吵架了。(2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。Mother always took（过去时不存在三单变化）me to a blind date last year.去年妈妈总是带着我去相亲。（注：在国外,通过朋友介绍或者其他方式结识的人,第一次见面就叫做 BLIND DATE, 因为双方都是盲的,没有见过对方,对对方不了解 .）四、结构及句型变化一般现在时的结构及句型变化结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式（1)结构一（谓语动词为be 动词时）肯定句：主语+be(was，were)+其它 . （注： am,is was, are were ）否定句：主语+be+not+其它 . 一般疑问句：Be+主语 +其它 ? e.g. I was late yesterday. e.g. They were in Bei jing last year. I was not late yesterday. They weren t in Bei jing last year. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载Were you late yesterday？Were they in Bei jing last year ？Yes, I was. Yes, they were. No, I wasnt. No, they weren t am 和 is 在一般过去时中变为was。（ was not=wasnt）are 在一般过去时中变为were。（ were not=weren t）Eg. （2011 四川中考 27 题） Ten minutes ago,there _an eraser ,a pen,and some books on the desk. A.was B.were C.is D.are 否定句： were not 一般疑问句：Were there? (2）结构二（谓语动词为情态动词时）(注意：情态动词can ，may ， have to 等等。）肯定句：主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形 +其它 . 否定句：主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形 +其它 . 一般疑问句：情态动词过去式+主语 +动词原形 +其它 . E.g. The old man could swim 30 years ago. The old man couldn t swim 30 years ago. Could the old man swim 30 years ago? Yes, he could. No, he couldnt. 常用情态动词过去式如下：cancould（能，会）maymight（可以）have tohad to（不得不 )shallshould（将要）用于第一人称单数will would（将要）用于所有人称(3)结构三（谓语动词为实义动词时）肯定句：主语+动词过去式 +其它 . 否定句：主语+ didnt +动词原形 +其它 . 一般疑问句：Did+ 主语 +动词原形 +其它？E.g. Li Ming studied English this morning. E.g. We often played tennis in the past. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载Li Ming didnt study English this morning. We didnt often play tennis in the past. Did Li Ming study English this morning？Did you often play tennis in the past? Yes, he did. Yes, we did. No, he didnt. No, we didnt. 注： 1.谓语动词为实义动词时，变否定句和一般疑问句一律找助动词did 来帮忙 （过去时不分人称和单复数，都是加did 或 did not）2.前面出现了助动词，后面的动词一律用原形。3.变一般疑问句时，一问一答的关系当中，第一人称和第二人称要相互交换。Eg.(2015 湖北中考） _John sing a song at the party? Yes,he sang an English song. A.Does B.Did C.Was 五、一般过去时的特殊句特殊疑问词：who ，what ，when ，which ，why ，where ，whose ，how结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？特殊疑问词 +did+主语 +动词原形 +其它？特殊疑问词 +was/were+主语 +其它？E.g. Where were you last night ？What did Jim do yesterday? Where did you walk to yesterday ？How did you find the job? 六、动词的过去式1、动词过去式的规则变化(1)、一般词尾加 -ed stay-stayed help - helped ask - asked look-looked watch - watched (2）、以 e 结尾的只加 -d hope-hoped love - loved dance - danced live lived 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页学习必备欢迎下载（3）、末尾三个字母以“辅+元+辅”结尾，且为重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed Stop- stopped plan- planned drop - dropped beg - begged （4)、“ 辅音字母 +y” 尾，变 y 为 i, 再加-ed carry - carried study - studied hurry - hurried 2、动词过去式的不规则变化（见动词不规则变化表格）七、课后练习1，单项选择（基础巩固）1）My fatherill yesterday A isnt B arent C wasnt D werent 2） your parents at home last week A Is B Was C Are D Were 3） The twinsin Dalian last year They here now A are; were B were; are C was; are D were; was 4） your father at work the day yesterday(前天） A Was; before B Is; before C Was; after D Is; after 5） Who was on duty last Friday A I am B I was C Yes, I was D No, I wasnt 2. 请用正确动词形式填空（拓展提升）1）. I _ (have) an exciting party last weekend. 2） _ she _(practice) her guitar yesterday? No, she _. 3）What _ Tom _ (do) on Saturday evening? He _(watch) TV and _(read) an interesting book. 4）They all _(go) to the mountains yesterday morning. 5）She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页
