2022年人教版高一生物必修二期末复习资料 .pdf

eading cadres awareness of right in place, study the party Constitution and party rules, series of speeches can make proper effect. Party cadres to two lead by example, to lead by example we must change our mind, recog nizing that two is important. First, learn the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary can enha nce theory. With the third revolution the rise of rapid changes in our life are feeling, the Communists should adhere to the theory of confidence will continue to learn from the voices of the times, the times, in turn, will have new requirements for leading party cadres. Two is the most basic meaning of members all mastering the core theory and t he most advanced weapons theory, complement the spirit of calci um. Secondly, the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, lear ning learning series important speech by General Secretary be able to firmly build the ideological foundation. Under the impact of multiple values, the two is to help cultivate independent judgment in numerous miscellaneous multiple concepts, so that the majority consensus of party members, the important magic weapon of the party with the resonance fre quency. Finally, the Constitution of the Communist Party, party rules, learning learning series important speech can stand crowds, General Secretary position. Now, some grass-root s work in the the old way didnt work, hard way cannot, the new approach would not phenomenon, sometimes due to a mass of party members and cadres not understandi ng, does not meet. In fact, the mass convinci ng and identityBehind are likely to be party members and leading cadres themselves ignoring beliefs held, resulting in lack of persuasion and sense of identity. Two is in fact guaranteed party cadres work, an important prerequi site for convincing the masses. Bacon said it well: practical men can handle individual matters, but looking at the whole operation globally, but only man can do to knowledge. Giving up two effective, must first raise awareness of leading ca dres of party members, as party members learn real responsibility to know to music , good changes, in parallel with the ground, do not forget to also answer the antenna, draw catches on meteorology, which sit between heaven and Earth which melds together the dreams of practicing Communist. Members ca dres should in two learn a do in the based post do contribution in all members in the carried out learn Constitution Party rules, and lear n serie s speech, do qualified members learning education, this is following party of mass line education practice activities and three strict three real topic education zhi hou, de epening party education of and once important practice, is promoted three strict three real topic education from key minority to all members expand, a nd from concentrated education to regular education extends of important initiatives. Vast numbers of party members and cadre s in the course of two, should bebase d on their actual, striving to be learning and done markers. Strengthening theoretical study, belief and faith. Theory is an acti on guide, only theoretical knowledge in pla ce, to unity, action can consciously. Constit ution is the fundamental law of the party, party rules are party must follow the Ge neral rules. Studying and implementing the party Constitution Party rules and a series of important speech, General Secretary, is a gui de to persisti ng and developi ng socialism with Chi nese characteristi cs, is a basic work of strengthening the partys construction, but also each and every Communist Party Members obligations and solemn responsibility. These important content, for each party, must know woul d believe will do both. WeGeneral Secretary of the party Constitution, a series of remarks with, and hold, grasp the real learning that basis, based on the Constitution speak to issue, in accordance with the series changed the problem. Second, disciplined i n line, to become law-abiding model. Is not no rules. If there is no iron discipli ne, party members and cadres will become a mess, it will lose its fighting strength and vitality, purity and naturally much less advanced. By two education, party members and cadres to keep the bottom line, not the more red lines, consciously practice the three Suns and consciously act according to the Constitution, party rules, remains a political force, to perform party oath, a tree of its own image. Three is the loyal, dare to play and play to party members. Learning is the Foundation, is the key to developme nt is the goal. Two main objective is to let the majority of the play to the exemplary role of party members and cadres, party Constitution, party rules to examine. o use new criteria to guide our behavior. Through educati on, the ideal and conviction, keep in mind that membership, learn, learn, learn go play a vanguard and exemplary role, the courage to play as, and always maintain the pione er, pioneering and enterprising spirit, and constantly improve our own capa city and level of service, a ccording to positions and make contributions. Hearts change, lead more strict began in the know, know as Luke Skywalker, two activities, be qualified party members both a starting point and ending point. Party cadres only opi nions, Foundation, Constitution Party rules, series to better address outsi de in shape, two this is State, leading by example, to lead by example to be qualified party members in the process of doing the deep and solid, higher and mor e stringent. Jobs with new skills. To be a qualified party member, most basic element is always advance d requirements themselves, using their power to push forward the cause of the party, the people and the nation. Is to the leading cadres of party members, first of all is based on the job, do the people in the heart. There is not a slogan, but aims to better serve the peopl e, targeted efforts to increase the capacity高一生物必修 2 复习资料本模块编排体系的设计思路：人类是怎样认识基因的存在的？遗传因子的发现基因在哪里？基因与染色体的关系基因是什么？基因的本质基因是怎样行使功能的？基因的表达基因在传递过程中怎样变化？基因突变与其他变异人类如何利用生物的基因？从杂交育种到基因工程生物进化历程中基因频率是如何变化的？现代生物进化理论主线一： 以基因的本质为重点的染色体、DNA 、基因、 遗传信息、 遗传密码、 性状间关系的综合；主线二：以分离规律为重点的核基因传递规律及其应用的综合；主线三：以基因突变、染色体变异和自然选择为重点的进化变异规律及其应用的综合。第一章遗传因子的发现第 1 节 孟德尔的豌豆杂交实验（一）一、相对性状性状： 生物体所表现出来的的形态特征 、生理生化特征或行为方式 等。相对性状： 同一 种生物的 同一 种性状的 不同 表现类型。二、孟德尔一对相对性状的杂交实验1.孟德尔遗传实验运用了现代科学研究中常用的假说演绎法，其一般过程是观察实验，发现问题、分析问题，提出假说（假设）、设计实验，检验假说（假设）、归纳综合，得出结论。2.孟德尔遗传实验获得成功的原因是（ 1）正确地选用实验材料。豌豆自花传粉，闭花受粉，自然状态下是纯种；品种多，差异大相对性状明显，易于区分。（ 2）由一对相对性状到多对相对性状的研究方法。（ 3）应用统计学方法对实验结果进行分析。（ 4）科学地设计实验程序。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 22 页eading cadres awareness of right in place, study the party Constitution and party rules, series of speeches can make proper effect. Party cadres to two lead by example, to lead by example we must change our mind, recog nizing that two is important. First, learn the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary can enha nce theory. With the third revolution the rise of rapid changes in our life are feeling, the Communists should adhere to the theory of confidence will continue to learn from the voices of the times, the times, in turn, will have new requirements for leading party cadres. Two is the most basic meaning of members all mastering the core theory and t he most advanced weapons theory, complement the spirit of calci um. Secondly, the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, lear ning learning series important speech by General Secretary be able to firmly build t he i deological foundation. Under the impact of multiple values, the two is to help cultivate independent judgment in numerous miscellaneous multiple concepts, so that the majority consensus of party members, the important magic weapon of the party with the resonance fre quency. Finally, the Constitution of the Communist Party, party rules, learning learning series important speech can stand crowds, General Secretary position. Now, some grass-root s work in the the old way didnt work, hard way cannot, the new approach would not phenomenon, sometimes due to a mass of party members and cadres not understandi ng, does not meet. In fact, the mass convinci ng and identityBehind are likely to be party members and leading cadres themselves ignoring beliefs held, resulting in lack of persuasion and sense of identity. Two is in fact guaranteed party cadres work, an important prerequi site for convincing the masses. Bacon said it well: practical men can handle individual matters, but looking at the whole operation globall y, but only man can do to knowledge. Giving up two effective, must first raise awareness of leading ca dres of p arty members, as party members learn real responsibility to know to music , good changes, in parallel with the ground, do not forget to also answer the antenna, draw catches on meteorology, which sit between heaven and Earth which melds together the dreams of practicing Communist. Members ca dres should in two learn a do in the based post do contribution in all members in the carried out learn Constitution Party rules, and lear n serie s speech, do qualified members learning education, this is following party of mass line education practice activities and three strict three real topic education zhi hou, de epening party education of and once important practice, is promoted three strict three real topic education from key minority to all members expand, a nd from concentrated education to regular education extends of important initiatives. Vast numbers of party members and cadre s in the course of two, should be。base d on their actual, striving to be learning and done markers. Strengthening theoretical study, belief and faith. Theory is an action guide, only theoretical k nowledge in place , to unity, action can consciously. Constitution is the f undamental law of the party, party rules are party must follow the General rules. Studying and implementing the party Constitution Party rules and a series of important speech, Ge neral Secretary, is a guide to persisting and developi ng socialism with Chinese characteristics, is a basic work of strengthening the partys construction, but also each and every Communist Party Members obligations and solemn responsibility. These important content, for each party, must k now woul d believe will do both. WeGeneral Secretary of the party Constitution, a series of remarks with, and hold, grasp the real learning that basis, based on the Constitution speak t o issue, in accor dance with the series changed the pr oblem. Second, disciplined i n line, to become law-abi ding model. Is not no rules. If there is no iron discipli ne, party members and cadres will become a mess, it will lose its fighting strength and vitality, purity and naturally much less advanced. By two education, party members and cadres to keep the bottom line, not the more red lines, consciously practice the three Suns and consciously act according to the Constitution, party rules, remains a political force, to perform party oath, a tree of its own image. Three is the loyal, dare to play and play to party members. Learning is the Foundation, is the key to developme nt is the goal. Two main objective is to let the majority of the play to the exemplary role of party members and cadres, party Constitution, party rules to examine. o use new criteria to guide our behavior. Through educati on, the ideal and conviction, keep in mind that membership, learn, learn, learn go play a vanguard and exemplary role, the courage to play as, and always maintain the pioneer, pioneering and enterprising spirit, and constantly improve our own capa city and level of service, a ccording to positions and make contributions. Hearts change, lead more strict began in the know, know as Luke Skywalker, two activities, be qualified party members both a starting point and ending point. Party cadres only opi nions, Foundation, Constitution Party rules, series to better address outsi de in shape, two this is State, leading by example, to lead by example to be qualified party members in the process of doing the de ep and solid, hig her a nd mor e stringent. Jobs with new skills. To be a qualified party member, most basic element is always advance d requirements themselves, using their power to push forward the cause of the party, the people and the nation. Is to the leading cadres of party members, first of all is based on the job, do the people in the heart. There is not a slogan, but aims to better serve the peopl e, targeted efforts to increase the capacity2 3.相关概念(1)、显性性状与隐性性状显性性状： 具有相对性状的两个亲本杂交，F1 表现出来 的性状。隐性性状： 具有相对性状的两个亲本杂交，F1 没有表现出来的性状。附：性状分离：在杂种后代中出现不同于亲本性状的现象(2)、显性基因与隐性基因显性基因： 控制 显性性状 的基因。隐性基因： 控制 隐性性状 的基因。附：基因： 控制性状的遗传因子（DNA 分子上 有遗传效应 的片段 P67）等位基因： 决定 1 对相对性状的两个基因（位于一对同源染色体上的相同 位置上）。(3)、纯合子与杂合子纯合子： 由相同 基因的配子结合成的合子发育成的个体（能稳定的遗传， 不发生 性状分离）：显性纯合子（如AA 的个体）隐性纯合子（如aa的个体）杂合子： 由不同 基因的配子结合成的合子发育成的个体（不能 稳定的遗传，后代会发生 性状分离）（如 Aa 的个体）(4)、表现型与基因型表现型： 指生物个体实际表现出来的性状 。基因型： 与表现型有关的基因组成 。（关系： 基因型环境 表现型 ）(5)杂交与自交及测交杂交： 基因型 不同 的生物体间相互交配的过程。自交： 基因型 相同 的生物体间相互交配的过程。（指植物体中自花传粉和雌雄异花植物的同株受粉）测交： 让 F1 与隐性纯合子杂交。（可用来测定F1 的基因型，属于杂交）（6）遗传学中常用的符号及含义符号P F1 F2 含义亲本子一代子二代杂交自交母本或雌配子父本或雄配子三、一对相对性状的豌豆杂交实验：1.实验者：孟德尔精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 22 页2.过程：3.对分离现象的解释：性状是由 遗传因子 决定的。 遗传因子不融合、不消失。体细胞中遗传因子是成对 存在。生物体在形成生殖细胞配子时，成对的遗传因子彼此分离，分别进入不同的配子中受精时，雌雄配子的结合是随机 的。遗传图解：课本P5 图 15 4.对分离现象解释的验证：目的：验证分离现象解释的正确性预测：子代应出现两种性状且比例为1：1 实验：课本P7 图 16结论：实验数据和理论预测分析相符，从而证明对分离现象解释的正确性四、基因分离定律的结论:在生物的体细胞中，控制同一性状 的遗传因子 成对存在，不相融合；在形成配子时，成对的遗传因子 发生分离， 分离后的遗传因子分别进入不同的配子中，随配子遗传给后代。五、基因分离定律的实质在杂合子的细胞中，位于一对同源染色体上的等位基因，具有一定的独立性；生物体在进行减数分裂形成配子时，等位基因会随着同源染色体的分开而分离，分别进入到两个配子中，独立地随配子遗传给后代。六、基因分离定律的两种基本题型：正推类型：（亲代子代）亲代基因型子代基因型及比例子代表现型及比例AA AA AA 全显AA Aa AA : Aa=1 : 1 全显AA aa Aa 全显AaAa AA : Aa : aa=1 : 2 : 1 显 :隐=3 : 1 Aaaa Aa : aa =1 : 1 显 :隐=1 : 1 aaaa aa 全隐逆推类型：（子代亲代）P 高茎矮茎F1 高茎F2 高茎矮茎精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 22 页eading cadres awareness of right in place, study the party Constitution and party rules, series of speeches can make proper effect. Party cadres to two lead by example, to lead by example we must change our mind, recog nizing that two is important. First, learn the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, learning learning series important speech by General Secretary can enha nce theory. With the third revolution the rise of rapid changes in our life are feeling, the Communists should adhere to the theory of confidence will continue to learn from the voices of the times, the times, in turn, will have new requirements for leading party cadres. Two is the most basic meaning of members all mastering the core theory and t he most advanced weapons theory, complement the spirit of calci um. Secondly, the Communist Party Constitution Party rules, lear ning learning series important speech by General Secretary be able to firmly build t he i deological foundation. Under the impact of multiple values, the two is to h