2022年高中定语从句总结归纳 .pdf

一、 一般性定 语从 句1、The book that you need is in the library. 2、Anyone who breaks the law will be punished. 3、Some of the boys I invited didn t come. 二、用代 词 which ，that ，who, 引导的1、He is the man who we want to look for. 2、The new bike which I bought last week was broken.3、A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 三、 用副词 where ，when ，why 引导的定 语从 句1.基本用法定 语从句除可用 关系代词引导外，还可用关系副词 when, where与 why 来引导，它们的区别是：when 用于指 时间，where 用于指地点， why 用于指原因。 when, where, why 在定语从句中均用作 状语。2. 先行词问题关 系副词 when 关系副词和 where 的先行 词是表示 时间(如 the day, the days, the time, the year等)和地点 (如 the place, the house, the factory, the station等)的一类词，而关系副词 why 的先行 词通常只是 whythe reason(s)。另外， when 和 where 可引导限制性和非限制性定 语从句，而 why 则只用于引 导限制性定 语从句，不用于引 导非限制性定 语从句。3. 一点注意注意不要以 为在时间名词后就一定用 关系副词 when ，在地点名 词后就一定用 关系副词 where ，在表示原因的 the reason 后就一定用 关系副词 why。到底选用关系副词还是关系代词，关键是看它们在定语是用作 状语(用关系副词)还是用作主 语或宾语(用关系代词)。When 例 1 1980 was the year when he was born. 例 2 I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing例 3 I will never forget the days when we used to play together. Where 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 4 页例 1 The house where he lives needs repairing例 2 This is the town where I was born. 例 3 Shangdong is the place where I was born. why 例 1 These are the reasons why we do it. 例 2 Thats the reason why she left home.例 3 It s the resson why Tom does it. 四、which 和 that 在定语从 句中的 区别A. 只能用 that 而不能用 which 的情形(1) 当先行词为：all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 与 thing 所组成的复合单词时 ，只能用 that 。例 There is nothing that will stop us making progress. (2) 当先行词前面有 only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等形容词修饰时，只能用 that 。例 This is the only problem that we can t work out. (3) 当先行词由形容 词的最高 级或序数词修饰时，只能用 that 。例 This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. (4) 当先行词同时包括人和物 时，只能用 that 。例 Luxun and his works that we are familiar with are considered great. (5) 当先行词在定语从句中作表 语时，只能用 that 。例 This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. (6) 当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑 问句时，只能用 that。例 Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 4 页B. 只能用 which 而不能用 that 的情形(1) 当非限制性定 语从句中的先行 词指物时，只能用 which 。例 The pencil-case, which I bought last week, is missing. (2) 关系代词前面有介 词时 ，只能用 which 。例 The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. (3) 先行词为代词 that 或 that 所修饰时，只能用 which 。例 I don t take that which is too expensive. 五 reason 引导 的定 语从 句例 1 The reason (that) he was chosen remains unknown. 例 2 Do you know the reason why she refused to go with us? 例 3 This is the reason why Tom miss the school. 例 4 The reason that he didnt come her this morning is not clear.六 way 引导的定 语从 句如果 the way 在定语从句中作状语则 用 that/in which引导定语从句，关系词也可以省略。如作主、 宾、表则用 that 或 which. 例 1 I dont like the way in which/that/ /you speak to me. 例 2 The way in which that he looks at problems is wrong. 七、 强调句:It is （was ）被强 调的部分 that （who ）原句其 它部分1.强调主语:人称代词可用宾格形式例 I supposed it is me who is responsible. 2.强调宾语 .It + be + 被强调的成分 +that 例 It was an interesting story that the teacher told us in class yesterday. 3.强调时间状语 :it is/was +时间状语 +that 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 4 页例 It is on the surgical treatment of the disease that Western health-care system are spending huge sums of money. 4.强调地点状语例 It was in the park that I met him last sunday.5.强调原因状语例 The children returned home，hungry and tired. 6. (1)thats why 例 That is why we recognize th Shang Dynasty as being different from an Inca vase as being different . (2)thats because 例 Thats because you didnt tell me. (3)thats where 例 Wherever you go thats where I wanna be wanna go wherever you lead . (4)thats when 例 What is so called freedom, thats when you dont care about something, you are free. (5)thats how 例 Thats how I see the higher education. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 4 页