2022年高考英语语法精讲精练精析状语从句 .pdf

专题九状语从句一、地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。Where there is a will, there is a way. Wherever you go ，Im right here waiting for you. 二、方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (just)as.so., as if, as though 引导。1 as， (just)as.so.引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但当 (just)as.so.结构位于句首时，as 从句带有比喻的含义，意思是“ 正如；就像 ” ，多用于正式文体。Always do to the others as you would be done by. As water is to fish, so air is to man. Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 2.as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反；有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。译作“ 仿佛 似的；好像 似的 ” 。They completely ignore these facts as if (as though)they never existed. He looks as if ( as though)he had been hit by lighting. It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon. 三、原因状语从句比较 because, since, as和 for 的用法：1because 语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why 提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知的，就用as或 since。I didnt go, because I was afraid. Since / As the weather is so bad, we have to delay our journey. 2由 because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for 来代替。如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。He is absent today, because / for he is ill. He must be ill, for he is absent today. 四、目的状语从句精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 21 页表示目的状语的从句可以由so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case 等词引导。You must speak louder so that / in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that(lest)he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 五、结果状语从句结果状语从句常由so.that 或 such.that 引导。 so.that 与 such.that 之间可以转换。The boy is so young that he cant go to school. He is such a young boy that he cant go to school. 六、条件状语从句连接词主要有if, unless, as / so long as, on condition that 等。Lets go out for a walk unless you are too tired. If you are not too tired, lets go out for a walk. 七、让步状语从句1.though, although 引导的让步状语从句，后面的从句不能有but，但是though 和 yet 可连用。Although its raining, they are still working in the field. He is very old, but he still works very hard. Though the sore is healed, yet a scar may remain. 2as, though 引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前(形容词、副词、分词、实义动词原形提前 )。Child as / though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do. 3ever if, even though“即使 ” 。Well make a trip even though the weather is bad. 4whether.or.“不管 都 ” 。Whether you believe it or not, it is true. 5“ no matter 疑问词 ” 或“ 疑问词 ever ”。No matter what happened, he would not mind. Whatever happened, he would not mind. 高考对状语从句的考查主要体现在省略，时态的替代， 语序的倒装以及连词的辨析四个方面。1成分的省略(1)在时间、地点、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果主语是it 或与主句的主语一致，精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 21 页且谓语动词含有be 时，可把从句的主语和be 一起省略。Dont speak until (you are) spoken to. Do come to see me whenever (it is) possible. (2)在比较状语从句中，可省略与主句相同的部分。I know you more than he (knows you) Tom is two years older than Alice (is) (3)as (尽管 )引导让步状语从句倒装时，表语提前，且其前的冠词要省略。Hero as he is, he has shortcomings. 2时态的替代(1)在时间、条件和让步状语从句中须用一般现在时替代一般将来时，用一般过去时替代过去将来时。If it rains tomorrow, we wont go fishing. Dont get off the bus until it has stopped. (2)The more.the more. 句型中，前句起条件状语从句作用，故用现在时表将来。The harder you work, the greater progress youll make. (3)after, before, as soon as等连词本身就暗示了时间的先后，因此可用一般过去时代替过去完成时，而不会产生时间上的混乱。I went to bed after I (had) finished my homework. The film star (had) left before the reporter arrived. He got down to work as soon as he (had) go to the factory. 3语序的倒装(1)no sooner.than., hardly / scarcely / barely.when. 句型中的主句常用过去完成时，从句常用一般过去时，且置于句首时主句要倒装。No sooner had he got home than it began to rain. (2)so / such.that.，not until. 置于句首时主句要倒装。So angry did she feel that she couldnt speak. Not until he told me the truth did I realize what had happened. 4连词的辨析。根据上下文的语意推断属于哪种状语从句，然后选择连词。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 21 页高考真题探究（ 20062011年）【2011 全国卷 II 19】It was a nice meal, _a little expensive. A. though B. whether C. as D. since 【答案】 A 【考点】 考查连词。 句意： 那顿饭真美味， 尽管有点贵。 Though” 尽管 ” ，引导让步状语从句，该句使用了省略形式，补全为“though it was a little expensive”注意 as也可以表示 “ 尽管 ” ，但as 作此意时必须使用倒装结构。【解析】【2011 北京卷29】_ volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball.A. Since B. Once C. Unless D. While 【答案】 D 【考点】考查让步状语从句。【解析】句意为：虽然排球是她的主要项目，但她还擅长篮球。while “ 虽然，尽管 ” ，引导让步状语从句。Since“ 自从 ”once“一旦 ”unless “除非 ” 均不合题意。【2011 上海卷36】If a lot of people say a f ilm is not good, I wont bother to see it, or Ill wait _ it comes out on DVD. A. whether B. after C. though D. until 【答案】 D 【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】句意为：如果众人都说一部电影不好，我不会急着去看，或者会等到结果出来。【2011 上海卷37】The police officers in our city work hard _ the rest of us can live a safe life. A. in case B. as if C. in order that D. only if 【答案】 C 【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】句意为：为了让我们大家过上平安的日子，我市警察工作非常卖力。【2011 江西卷29】Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or _ it is convenient to you. A. whenever B. however C. whichever D. wherever 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 21 页【答案】 A 【考点】考察状语从句连接词【解析】 whenever 无论何时， however 然而whichever 任何一个wherever 无论哪里。请打电话给我的秘书安排今天下午的会议，或者在任何你方便的。关系副词在后句中充当状语，根据语境可知是指时间，选A。【2011 浙江卷4】 One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away _my daughter heard cries for help. A. after B. while C. since D. when 【答案】 D 【考点】考察状语从句连接词。【解析】语义表示我们正在收拾行李，这时我的女儿听到求救的呼喊。Be doing when 表示 “ 正在做某事，这时(突然 ) ” 是常见结构，故选D 项。【2011 福建卷33】It was April 29, 2001 _ Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony. A.that B.when C.since D.before 【答案】 B 【考点】考查时间状语从句。【解析】句意为：2001 年 4 月 29 日，威廉王子和凯特步入了婚姻的殿堂。【2011 四川卷4】 Frank insisted that he was not asleep _ I had great difficulty in waking him up. A. whether B. although C. for D. so 【答案】 B 【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】句意为：尽管我很费力才将他叫醒，但Frank 坚持说他没有睡着。Although 引导让步状语从句。【2011 四川卷6】 As it reported, it is 100 years _Qinghua University was founded. A. when B. before C. after D. since 【答案】 D 【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】“It is + 时间段+since + 从句（谓语为一般过去时）” 为固定句型，故答案选D。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 21 页句意为： “ 正如所报道的那样，自从清华大学建校以来已有100 年时间了。 ”【2011 辽宁卷25】No matter how _ , it is not necessarily lifeless. A. a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may be C. may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert be 【答案】 B 【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】句意为：无论沙漠多么的干燥，都不肯能没有生命。How+adj.+ 陈述语序。【2011 辽宁卷29】He had no sooner finished his speech _ the students started cheering. A. since B. as C. when D. than 【答案】 D 【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】句意为：他刚一结束演讲，同学们就欢呼起来。固定句式no sooner than.。【2011 陕西卷17】The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be _the present one. A. as three times big as B. three times as big as C. as big as three times D. as big three times as 【答案】 B 【考点】考查状语从句。【解析】句意为：【2011 天津卷5】_ regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime. A.It B. As C.Although D.Unless 【答案】 C 【考点】考查连词。【解析】 although “尽管 ”; As “如”; Unless “除非 ” 。句意为：尽管有规律的运动很重要，但是在睡前运动不是一个好主意。【2011 陕西卷19】_all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post. A. Since B. While C. If D. As 【答案】 B 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 21 页【考点】考查让步状语从句。While 的意思是 “ 虽然，尽管 ” ，相当于 though 或 although 。这句话的意思是：虽然他们都是强有力的候选人，但只有一个人被选中担任这个职务。【解析】【2011 山东卷28】He had his camera ready _ he saw something that would make a good picture. A. even if B. if only C. in case D. so that 【答案】 C 【考点】引导词。【解析】句意“他准备好了相机以防看到可以拍摄的景物。”in case 为“ 以防；以免 ”even if为“ 即使 ”if only 为 “ 如果 ”,so that “为了，以便 ” 。【2011 重庆卷30】To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off _ we are to shake hands with. A.whichever B.whenever C.whoever D.wherever 【答案】 C 【考点】考查让步状语从句。【解析】句意为“我们不论是跟谁握手的时候，我们常常将手套取下，以示尊敬。” shake hands with sb.表示 “ 与某人握手 ” ，本句中的with 后缺少宾语，结合句意选C 项， whoever 在句中引导让步状语从句。【2011 湖南卷33】Jack wasnt saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him _he had done something very clever. A .as if B. in case C. while D. though 【答案】 A 【考点】本题考察状语从句的用法。【解析】根据句意，空格处需要填入好像，仿佛 。故选 A。句意： Jack 什么也没说，但老师向他笑了笑，好像他做了件聪明的事情一样。10 湖南 Tim is in good shape physically he doesnt get much exercise.A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as 答案 B 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析 句意为： “尽管 Tim 不经常锻炼 , 但他身材很好。 ” 前后是让步转折关系, 故选 B 项。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 21 页10 山东 The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, _ accompanied by an adult. A. once B. when C. if D. unless 答案 D 考点本题考查省略的状语从句的连接词。解析 句意应为 “学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同, 否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”表示“ 除非 ” 用 unless。该句式构成了“ 连词 +过去分词 ” 结构。10 上海you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge. A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem 答案 C 考点让步状语从句解析 根据句意“ 无论你有多么严重的问题, 你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”, 而 however 表让步时其顺序应是：however + 形容词+ 主语+ 谓语。 however 做连接副词 , 相当于no matter how,后接形容词或副词, 意为“ 无论、不管 ” , 引导让步状语从句, 其序为“ however+形容词、副词 +主语 +谓语 ” 。10 四川 Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break she got to her office. A. since B. that C. when D. until 答案 C 考点考查状语从句。解析句意为：“ 因为交通阻塞, 当她到达办公室时已经是午休的时间了。”, 故此处应为when 引导的时间状语从句, 故正确答案为C。陕西 John thinks it wont be long he is ready for his new job. A. when B. after C. before D. since 答案 C 考点考查状语从句。解析 所填词引导状语从句, 构成 It（will ） be+时间段 +状语从句 , 意思是：过多久才将 ., 选 C。10 重庆 Today, we will begin _we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 21 页A. when B. where C. how D. what 答案 B 考点考查状语从句。解析由句意：今天, 为了不遗漏要点, 我们从昨天结束的地方开始。where 引导地点状语从句。09 福建She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. A. when B. while C. after D. since 答案 A 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析 根据主从句的动词时态可知主句谓语动词的动作在从句谓语动词之前已经完成, 引导词的意思是：当 的时候 , 选 A。09 陕西 My parents don t mind what job I do I am happy.A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 答案 C 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析根据题干意思可知此处是条件状语从句, 引导词意思是：只要, 选 C。even though引导让步状语从句, 意思是：即使；as soon as引导时间状语从句, 意思是：一 就 ；as though 引导方式状语从句, 意思是：仿佛, 好像。09 上海 You cant borrow books from the school library _ you get your student card.A. before B. if C. while D. as 答案 A 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析 该句的意思是： 在你得到你的学生卡之前你不能从学校图书馆借书。所以选 before。09 全国 All the dishes in this menu, otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C. though D. unless 答案 D 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析考查状语引导词(unless)。全句意思是：在这份菜单上的所有菜, 除非另外说明 , 会给二到三个人食用。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 21 页09 江苏_ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until 答案 B 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析在失业率及犯罪率居高不下的地方, 可以推断后者是由前者引发的。Where（= The place in which . ）引导地点状语从句。答案B。09 山东 The little girl who got lost decided to remain _she was and wait for her mother. A.where B.what C.how D.who 答案 A 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析那个迷路的小女孩决定呆在原地等她妈妈。根据句意判断, remain（vi.逗留、不离去）后接地点状语从句_she was and wait for her mother, 因此空格处该填where。答案 A。09 重庆 Peter was so excited _he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing. A. where B. that ks5u C. why D. when 答案 D 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析当收到朋友请他去重庆玩的邀请, 彼得是如此的兴奋。若用sothat 结构 , 句意不符合逻辑。这是个时间状语从句。答案D。09 湖南 _ the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him. A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as 答案 A 考点考查从属连词的用法。解析根据句意, 引导让步状语从句。故选A。09 四川Owen wouldnt eat anything _ he cooked it himself精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 21 页A. until B. since C. unless D. while 答案 C 考点考查连词的区别。解析该句的意思是：欧文不吃任何东西, 除非这种东西是他自己09 浙江 The medicine works more effectively _ you drink some hot water after taking it. A. as B. until C. although D. if 答案 D 考点考查连词的用法。解析该题的意思是, 这种药的效果更明显, 如果你在吃药后喝一些开水的话。08 全国A.whatever 答案 A 考点考查whatever 引导的从句。解析 whatever the season意为“ 无论什么季节 ” 。08 全国 I don t mind where we go_theres sun, sea and beach.A.as if B.as long as C.now that D.in order that 答案 B 考点考查连词的用法。解析 as long as意为“ 只要 ” 。08 全国 A small car is big enough for a family of three_you need more space for A.once B.because C.if D.unless 答案 D 考点本题考查连词的用法。解析句意为：一辆小汽车对于一个三口之家足够大了, 除非你需要更多的空间放行李。unless相当于 if not 。08 湖南 _the Internet is of great help, I dont think its a good idea to spend too much A.If B.While C.Because D.As 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 21 页答案 B 考点本题考查连词的用法。解析句意为：尽管因特网是很有帮助的, 但我认为在网络上花费太多的时间不是个好主意。 while 引导让步状语从句, 意为“ 尽管 ” 。08 四川A.when B.until C.that D.where 答案 A 考点本题考查连词的用法。解析句意为：当大家都坐下时, 还有些椅子剩余。when 引导时间状语从句；until 也引导时间状语从句, 表示“ 直到 ” ；where 引导地点状语从句；that 引导结果状语从句, 用于 so.that.中。08 四川In some places women are expected to earn money_men work at home and raise A.but B.while C.because D.though 答案 B 考点本题考查连词的用法。解析句意为：有些地方, 妇女被要求挣钱而男人在家里干活和养育孩子。从该句句意可知, 此题用 while 表示妇女与男人两种情况的对比。A 项 but 表示转折 , C 项 because表示原因, D 项 though 表示让步 , B 项 while 表示并列。08 辽宁A.Whatever B.Whenever C.Wherever D.However 答案 D 考点本题考查连词的用法。解析句意为：无论我是多么饥饿, 我似乎永远都不能吃完这个面包。A 项 “ 无论什么 ” ；B 项 “ 无论在什么时候” ；C 项 “ 无论在哪里 ” ；D 项 “ 无论多么 ” 。08 辽宁 I used to love that film_I was a child, but I dont feel it that way any 答案 B 考点本题考查连词的用法。解析句意为：当我还是一个小孩子的时候, 我喜欢那部影片。when 引导时间状语从句精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 21 页表示“ 当 的时候 ” ；C 项也可引导时间状语从句, 但意思为“ 自从 以来 ” 。08 北京 Did you return Freds call? I didn t need to _I ll see him tomorrow.A. though B. unless C. when D. because 答案 D 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析因为I ll see him tomorrow是 I didn t need to 的原因 , 故该空格处用because表示原因。08 北京 I m sorry you ve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _Brian gets back. A. before B. since C. till D. after 答案 A 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析句意为:对不起让你久等了, 但是还得再过一段时间Brian 才回来。故空格处须用before 表示“ 在 之前 , 直到 才” 。08 天津 We ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _it rains or its very cold.A.since B. if C. unless D. until 答案 C 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：我们这个星期天要去公园野餐, 除非下雨或天气非常冷。unless除非。08 安徽in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 答案 B 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：三月的一天下午他在田地里走时, 能感觉到春天的温暖。此处应该用现在分词作伴随状语, 表示 walk 与 feel 是伴随发生的动作。08 福建 Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year. A.that B.which C.when D.where 答案 C 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 21 页解析句意为：Nancy 去年在悉尼拜访朋友时玩得很开心。when 引导时间状语从句。本题干扰性最强的是A 项, so.that 引导结果状语从句, 但根据语境 , 这里并没有因果关系的含义。08 山东 Youd better not leave the medicine kids can get at it.A.even if B.which C.where D.so that 答案 C 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：你最好不要把药放在孩子们能够到的地方。where 在句中引导地点状语从句。08 江西 Animals suffered at the hands of Man_they were destroyed by people to make A.in which B.for which C.so that D.in that 答案 D 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析 in that 引导原因状语从句, 意思是“ 因为 ” 。 A、 B 引导定语从句；C 项意为“ 以便, 以致；结果是 ”, 引导目的和结果状语从句。根据前后的逻辑关系来看, 前面是结果 , 后面是原因。07 全国 I won t call you, A.unless C.because D.while 答案 A 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：我不会给你打电话的, 除非有无法预料的事情发生。unless 除非 , 相当于if.not 。07 北京 I brought it to you you were in Mr. BA.if B.when C.because D.before 答案 B 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析 句意为： 那篇报告在哪儿呢？昨天当你在布莱克先生办公室的时候我带给你了。 when 当 时候。精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 21 页07 上海 Small sailboats can easily turn over in the water_they are not managed .before C.until D.if 答案 D 考点本题考查连词的用法。解析句意为：如果小帆船没有被仔细掌控好的话, 那么在水中就很容易被打翻。if 如果 , 引导条件状语从句。07 天津A.until B.after C.since D.when 答案 A 考点本题考查状语从句的引导词。解析句意为：对我们来说在生活中得到启示是很难的, 直到我们真正得到了那一启示。A 项为“ 直到 ” ；B 项为“ 在 以后 ” ；C 项为“ 自从 以来 ” ；D 项为“ 当 的时候 ” 。07 安徽 The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _we meet them again