高一英语必修三第二单元(11页).doc

-高一英语必修三第二单元-第 11 页假设你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为“健康成长”的英语作文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：1.乐观的人生态度；2.努力学习； 3.参加体育锻炼。 范文背诵 We all want to grow up happily and healthily, and for this goal we must do several things. Life consists of not only sunshine but also hardships. Firstly, we should develop a positive attitude to life and be brave in front of difficulties. A positive attitude can help us overcome difficulties and lead us to success. Secondly, we must study hard because knowledge is power. If we have the power, we can help to build our country and enjoy life better. In order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit. We can go running, play ball games or simply take a walk after a days study. If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.句型背诵Life consists of not only sunshine but also hardships.In order to study well, we need to do sports so that we can keep fit.If we do those things well, we will be able to grow up happily and healthily.1. _ n.日常饮食 _ vi. 节食2. _ vt. 平衡；权衡;n.天平；平衡 _ adj.平衡的 3. _ n. 好奇心 _ adj. 好奇的4. _ n.女主人；女主持人 _ n.主人；东道主5. _ vi.说谎;n. 谎话；谎言 _ (过去式；过去分词) _ vi. 躺 _ （过去式） _ （过去分词）6. _ n. 顾客；消费者 _ n. 风俗；习惯 _ n. 海关7. _ n. 缺点；弱点；虚弱 _ adj. 虚弱的；软弱的 _ v. （使）衰弱；变弱8. _ n.强项；长处；力量 _ adj. 有力气的；健壮的 _ v.加强 9. _ vt.限制；限定;n.界限；限度 _ adj.有限的10. _n.利益;好处;vt.& vi.有益于;有助于;受益 _ adj.有益的11. _ vt.& vi.（使）联合；（使）结合 _ n. 结合；联合 _ adj.联合的答案：1.diet; diet 2. balance; balanced3. curiosity；curious 4. hostess；host5. lie； lied；lie;lay；lain6. customer；custom; customs7. weakness； weak；weaken8. strength； strong； strengthen9. limit；limited 10. benefit； beneficial11. combine；combination；combined1. _ diet 平衡膳食2. _ to 应该；应当3. _ weight 体重减轻；减肥 4.get _ 被放过;（做坏事）不受惩罚5. _ a lie 说谎6. _.back 赢回；重新获得7. _ ones living 谋生8. _ debt 欠债9.spy _ 暗中监视；侦查 10. _ down 削减；删节11. _ long 不久以后12. _ _ weight 增加体重13.be _ at 对感到惊讶 14. _ at 怒目而视15. _ than 而不 16. _ .nor. 既不也不答案：1. balanced 2. ought 3. lose 4. away with5. tell 6. win 7. earn 8. in 9. on 10. cut 11. before12. put on 13. amazed 14. glare 15. rather 16. neither1. “Nothing _ be better, ”he thought.他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”2. Something terrible _ have happened.一定发生了什么可怕的事情3. _ _ her customers might get thin after eating Yong Huis food, they were not.尽管顾客吃她的餐馆里的饭会变得苗条，但他们答案：1. could 2. must 3. Even though1.balance n. 天平；平衡；结余，余额 vt.平衡，权衡In what way is a laboratory balance different from a balance found in a store? 实验室的天平与商店里的秤在什么方面有所不同?I lost my balance and fell.我失去平衡,摔了一跤。Can you balance yourself on skates? 你穿冰鞋能保持平衡吗?You have to balance the advantages of living in the country against the disadvantages.你得权衡一下住在乡下的好处和坏处。常用结构：keep ones balance 保持平衡lose ones balance 失去平衡out of balance 不平衡on balance 总的来说a sense of balance 平衡感【联想拓展】balanced adj.通常作定语，意为“保持平衡的; 显示平衡的”。【即学即练】完成句子人行道上结了冰, 要想不摔倒可不容易。 It is difficult to _ _ _ on an icy pavement.她骑车因拐弯太快, 失去平衡而摔倒了。 She cycled too fast round the corner, _ _ _ and fell off.答案：keep ones balance lost her balance单项填空In education there should be a good _ among the branches of knowledge that contribute to effective thinking and wise judgment. A.distributionB.balance C.combinationD.assignment解析：选B。balance 平衡；distribution分发,分配,散布,分布；combination结合,联合；assignment分配，功课，任务，被指定的（课外）作业；（分派的）任务，委派。由句意知，选B。2. lie n.谎话，谎言 vi.说谎Its no wonder that she lied to the court.难怪她对法庭撒了谎。【速记名片】lie/lay的顺口溜：“（lie）规则的是说谎（lie,lied,lied,lying）,(lie)不规则的是躺(lie,lay,lain,lying),躺(lie)过就下蛋(lay),下蛋(lay)不规则(lay,laid,laid,laying)”。lie 过去式和过去分词,规则变化时,意为“说谎”;不规则变时,意为“躺,位于”,在于。躺的过去式lay还是“下蛋;放置”的动词原形。该词过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为：laidlaidlaying。【即学即练】单项填空There was an oil painting _ in the corner.It _ there for several days. （原创） A.laying; had laidB.lain; had laid C.lying; had lainD.laid; had been lain解析：选C。第一空是“在于”的现在分词,第二空是过去完成时。3. amount n.数量 vi. 合计，总计达，相当于，等同于We need a small amount of fuel.我们需要少量的燃料。What is the amount we owe them? 我们总共欠他们多少钱?The total cost of repairs amounted to $100.修理费用总计100美元。Keeping what belongs to another amounts to stealing.将他人之物占为己有等同于偷窃。温馨提示：amount to sth.总共达；相当于；等于。有关a large amount of 表示“大量的”短语梳理，参见必修一第三单元的a number of 的用法。 【即学即练】单项填空Because of _ mail we receive，we may not be able to reply to your letter.Please remember to include your full name with your letter. A.a great many ofB.a large number of C.a large amount ofD.a great plenty of解析：选C。mail邮件，不可数名词。故用a large amount of。4.benefit vt.&vi.受益；有益于；有助于 n.好处；利益The rain benefits the plants.= The plants benefit from the rain.这场雨有益于植物。This dictionary will be of great benefit to me.这本字典将对我有很大的好处。温馨提示：benefit 作vi.，意为“受益，得利，得益，得到好处”，常与by， from连用。beneficial adj. 有益的，有利的；可享利益的。常用结构：benefit sb.对某人有益benefit from/by.从受益，得益于for the benefit of.为了的利益be of (much/great )benefit to sb.= be benefit to sb. 对有益be of no benefit to sb.对某人没有益处【即学即练】完成句子这次坦率的谈话使我们获益匪浅。 We _ _ _ this frank talk.为了公众的利益，请不要随地乱扔垃圾。 _ _ _ _ the public, do not litter.据说瑜伽对人体健康有很大好处。 It is said Yoga is of great _ _ human health.答案：benefited greatly byFor the benefit ofbenefit tobine vt.&vi. (使)联合；（使）结合We are going to combine the three departments soon.我们很快就要合并这三个部门了。The two old schools are to combine to form one big new school.这两所旧学校将合并组成一所新的大学校。【联想拓展】combination n.结合；联合；化合（物）a combination of.一种的结合（物）in combination with与联合起来常用结构：combine into.联合成combine.with.把与结合起来【即学即练】完成句子原子总是按固定的比例结成分子。 Atoms always _ _ molecules in fixed proportions. 有些电影把教育与娱乐结合起来。 Some films _ education _ recreation.答案：combine into combine;with【易混辨析】join/combine/unite/connectjoin侧重把原来不相连接的事物紧密地连接在一起，但仍可再分开。也指把分散的人或几个部分的人联合起来，或加入到某团体中去。常见结构：join up联合起来；join.to/and.连接。combine指两个或两个以上的人或物结合在一起；还指原来性质或成分不同的东西合并成一体。常见结构：combine with与结合。unite指联合、团结、结合在一起，构成一个整体。connect 指两事物在某一点相连接，但彼此又保持独立。常见结构：connect.to/with与相连；be connected with与有关系。【即学即练】单项填空The two parties have _ to form a new government. A.mixedB.combined C.joinedD.formed解析：选B。句意为：那两个党派合并组成了一个新政府。combine 指原来性质或成分不同的东西合并成一体。6.get away with被放走；（做）坏事不受惩罚I wont let him get away with that excuse.我不会让他用那种借口蒙混过去。For such a serious offence he was lucky to get away with a fine.他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交罚款了事。温馨提示：get v.过去时：got；过去分词：got/gotten。当意思为“接到或得到（某物）”时不用被动语态。其用法灵活，与不同的介词构成搭配。【联想拓展】get across=put across(使)被理解，(把)讲清楚get rid of摆脱；除掉get away (from) (从)脱离，逃脱get sb.down（使某人）沮丧或情绪低落get in 到达；收获；请来get in touch with 与取得联系get out(of.) 出去，离开；逃脱，摆脱get hold of 抓住get onalong well with.与相处得好，进展顺利(多用进行时)get over 爬过；克服(困难)；从中恢复过来get through 完成；花光(时间、钱等)；通过；接通电话【即学即练】完成句子我们应该摒弃不良作风，保持优良作风。 We should _ _ _ the bad style and keep the good.他不太善于清楚地表达自己的思想。 Hes not very good at _ his ideas _.我正在设法与我的兄弟取得联系。 Im trying to _ _ _ _ my brother.他会从惊恐中恢复过来的。 Hell _ _ the shock.答案：get rid of getting;across get in touch withget over单项填空Youre coughing badly, Martin. Why not give up smoking? Give up smoking? Easier said than done, Amy. Once you _ the habit of smoking, it is very hard for you to _ . A.keep up; break it away B.take up; drop it out C.pick up; get rid of it D.build up; do away with it解析：选C。考查动词短语的辨析。keep up保持,继续,维持；break away脱开；离开；逃脱；take up拿起；开始；从事；吸取；接纳；drop out退出；退学；pick up捡起；拾起；学会；get rid of摆脱；除掉；build up逐步建立；do away with废除；去掉。7.take off 从中去掉，脱掉（衣服）；起飞；突然大受欢迎，迅速流行Dont take off your sweater. Its cold here.别脱掉毛衣，这里冷。 Her singing career took off after her TV appearance.她在电视上亮相后歌唱事业得到迅速发展。【联想拓展】take away 拿走；消除（感情，痛苦等）take back 收回，带回；退货take down 拿下，记下； 拆除take in 欺骗；吸收，理解take it easy 不紧张，不急take on 呈现，具有（特征、外观等）；雇用take out 拿出，取出；去掉take over 接收，接管take up 拿起；开始（从事）；继续；占据（时/空间）take apart 拆开（机器等）take for 认为，以为，把认为是【即学即练】完成句子(谚)美名失去，生命不存。 _ _ my good name, take away my life.该公司已被美国一企业集团接管。 The firm has been _ _ by an American conglomerate.咱们把收音机拆开看看有什么毛病。 Lets _ the radio _ and see whats wrong with it.答案：Take away taken over take;apart单项填空With the advantages recognized, sales of home computers have _ in recent years. A.taken off B.taken on C.taken up D.taken in 解析：选A。句意为：随着电脑的好处被人们所认识，家用电脑的销售近几年非常火爆。 take off起飞，腾飞，有起色；take on呈现；take in吸收；take up占用。8.“Nothing could be better,” he thought.（P10）他想：“再没有比这些更好吃的了。”句中形容词（或副词）的比较级better（与否定词）nothing 连用，表达最高级的含义。Did you sleep well last night? 你昨夜睡得好吗？Never better, like a rock.从没这么好过，睡得很死。I think nothing is more pleasant than travelling.我认为没有比旅行更令人愉快的事了。I cant think of a better idea.我想不出一个更好的方法。用法点拨： 否定词no, not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等与比较级连用表示最高级的含义：never + 比较级；nothing /no +so+ 形容词原级 + as; nothing /no +比较级 + than. any other +单数名词 any else比较级 +than+ all(the) other + 复数名词 any of the other +复数名词 the rest of +复数名词或不可数名词【即学即练】单项填空Your story is perfect.Ive never heard _ before. A.the better oneB.the best one C.a better oneD.a good one解析：选C。比较级与nothing, nobody, never等否定词连用时，表示最高级的意义，意为“再也不过了；没有比更的了”。句中的比较对象是一个尚未出现的新人或新事物，故用不定冠词a/an修饰。9.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!（P10） 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉。have sb.doing sth.让某人做某事，表示一个持续的动作。放在否定句中表示不允许某人干某事。He had me waiting for him for two hours.I cant bear it any more! 他让我等了两个小时，我再也无法忍受了！Its rude of you to speak to father like that and I wont have you speaking to father like that in future.那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟父亲说话。常用结构：have sb./sth.do sth.使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)have sb./sth.done sth.请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做)；(主语)遭受了不好的事情9.He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies!（P10） 他可不能让雍慧哄骗人们后跑掉。have sb.doing sth.让某人做某事，表示一个持续的动作。放在否定句中表示不允许某人干某事。He had me waiting for him for two hours.I cant bear it any more! 他让我等了两个小时，我再也无法忍受了！Its rude of you to speak to father like that and I wont have you speaking to father like that in future.那样跟父亲说话很粗鲁，今后我不会再容忍你那样跟父亲说话。常用结构：have sb./sth.do sth.使某人或某物做某事(注意不要在do之前加上to)have sb./sth.done sth.请人做某事(自己不去做或无法做)；(主语)遭受了不好的事情10.I thought you were a new customer and now I know that you only came to spy on me and my menu,.（P14）我本来以为你是一位新顾客，现在我才发现你只是过来打探我和我的菜谱的I thought/I didnt know/I didnt think表明说话人以前的想法，宾语从句随之用过去时或过去将来时。I never thought you would come to see me and bring me such a wonderful gift.我根本没想到你会来看我并给我带来一个如此好的礼物。【即学即练】单项填空Oh, its you.I _ you _ in this city. How long have you been here? A.dont know; were B.hadnt known; are C.havent known; are D.didnt know; were解析：选D。句意为：我不知道你在这座城市。I thought/I didnt know/I didnt think表明说话人以前的想法，宾语从句随之用过去时或过去将来时。故选D。 .单词拼写1.C _ drove me to follow the strange man with dark glasses into a lonely old house.2.Most stores ask their assistants to look on c _ as gods, but actually they dont.3.I am looking for a job in which I can c _ my work with my interest.4.In order to keep healthy, youd better have a b _ diet.5.Each coin has two sides.Everyone has his advantages and w _.6.After the tiring climbing, my _ (力气) gave out.7.When I arrived in America, I found my English was very _ (有限的).8.My mother is _ (瞪着) at me, angrily and without saying anything.9.The successful launch of Shenzhou must bring _ (好处)to the development of space industry.10.Stores will give a _ (打折) for their VIP customers before important festivals.答案：1. Curiosity 2. customers 3. combine 4. balanced5. weaknesses 6. strength 7. limited 8. glaring 9. benefits 10. discount .用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空ought to/tell a lie/threw down/had better/do some research/be full of/hurry up/in debt/get away with/lose weight1.Johnson lives a hard life, for he is _.2.How did he _ cheating?3.You _ scrap the old bike and buy a new one.4.She is dieting to _.5.In any case you mustnt _.6.The workers _ their tools and declared a strike.7.You _ take a raincoat.8.Im going to the library to _ .9.Dont worry.Youll _ energy in a few days.10.I wish the bus would _ and come.答案：1.in debt 2. get away with 3. ought to 4. lose weight5. tell a lie 6. threw down 7.had better 8.do some research9. be full of 10. hurry up.完成句子1.Thieves _ _ _ （偷走了）computer equipment worth 30,000.2.Reading more books _ _ _ _ （很有好处）children.3.You should try to _ _ _ _ _ _ （把锻炼与健康饮食结合起来）.4.The naughty boy caused his teacher _ _ _ _ _ （许多麻烦）.5.My brother _ _ _ _ （让水在流着）all the time.6.Your father is _ _ _ （负债累累）.7.Well finish the work _ _ （不久）.8.I was ordered to _ _ （刺探）the information of a firm.9.He _ _ _ （对我怒目而视）like a bull at a red rag.10.Tom used to _ _ _ （谋生）by delivering milk.答案：1. got away with 2. is of great benefit to3. combine exercise with a healthy diet 4. a great amount of trouble 5. has the water running 6. deeply in debt 7.before long 8.spy on 9.glared at me10.earn his living .单项填空1.No chocolate for me Im _ a diet. A.at B.in C.on D.with解析：选C。考查考固定搭配。on a diet意为“节食”。故选C。2.The child said that he had _ the pen on the desk, but I thought he _ to me. A.laid; lied B.lain; lie C.lied; lain D.lied; lied解析：选A。考查lie与lay的用法区别。句意为：那孩子说他把钢笔放在书桌上了，但是我认为他对我撒了谎。lay意为“放置”，过去分词为laid; lie作“说谎”讲时,其过去式及过去分词均为lied。故选A。3.My brother is on a special _ to lose _ weight. A.food; / B.food; his C.diet; / D.diet; his 解析：选C