2022年北京市大兴区中考英语一模试卷（附答案详解）.docx

2022年北京市大兴区中考英语一模试卷一、单项选择题（本大题共12小题，共6.0分）My aunt lives in a big city,but spends most of the weekends on a farm.()A. heB. itC. sheD. theyThe World Wildlife Day falls March 3rd every year.()A. onB. byC. atD. in一 do you volunteer in the care home?Once a week.()A. How farB. How many C. How much D. How often1. 一Carl,you play the piano?一No,! can't.But I am learning how to play it.()A. canB. mustC. shouldD. need2. Be careful,you may cut your finger.()A. soA. soB. orC. butD. forMount Hua and Mount Huang are both famous in China,but Mount Hua is.( )A. highB. higherC. highestD. the highest3. 一Look!What are the children doing on the playground?一Oh,they volleyball.()A. will practiseB. are practisingC. practisedD. have practisedTom to learn Chinese 3 years ago,and now he can speak it well.()A. beginB. will begin C. are beginning D. beganEvery year,many people from all over the world the Summer Palace.()A. visitB. visitedC. have visitedD. was visitingMrs.Young in Beijing since 2008.She loves this city.()A. livesB. was livingC. has livedD. will liveToday,more and more families to take part in community service.()A. encouragedB. encourageC. were encouragedD. are encouragedBecause of CO VID-19, some people make themselves eat a lot as a way to deal with the feeling ofn out of controlH.Other people are doing the opposite of things.They are taking the message ofH don't gain COVID - 19 weight11 too strictly.They are reducing their meals to the point of anorexia(厌食症).Bulimic (贪食)is also a kind of eating disorder.Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.A study of electronic medical records from about 80 U.S.hospitals found a 30 percent increase of eating disorder starting after March 2020, compared with numbers from 2018 and 2O19.The leader of the study,Dr.Dave Little said that the COVID pandemic has given society,and in particular young people,a lot of mental health difficulties.Here are some signs of eating disorder from the U.S.National Eating Disorders Organization.©Thinking about weight,body size,and food too much.©Seem uneasy eating around others.©Restrictions against types of food,for example,bread or sugar.©Avoiding usual friends and social activities.©Extreme change in mood and behavior.(1) What is an eating disorder? (2) What can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders? (3) How many patients does Wildes1 program treat recently? (4) What are bulimic people like? (5) What do you think of eating disorders? What will you do? 五、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共10.0分)35.假如你是李华，一名北京的初三学生。你和你的英国网友Jack正通过电子邮件交 流你们最近的阅读情况：你最近读过什么作品，它主要讲述了什么内容，和你喜欢 这个作品的原因。提示词语：Journey to the West,experience,adventure,interesting提示问题： What story / poem/ novel have you read recently? What does it mainly talk about? Why do you like it so much?第10页，共20页Dear Jack,I like reading very much.Recently I have read. Looking forward to hearing about your recent readings.Yours,Li Hua36.”成功真正的秘诀是兴趣。”良好的兴趣爱好不但可以帮助青少年扩展知识面，也可 以丰富他们的业余生活。假如你是李华，你们班下周一有一个英语主题班会。请用 英文写一篇发言稿，向同学介绍你的兴趣爱好，你经常参加哪些相关的活动，以及 你从中获得了什么益处。提示词语：singing,practise,art festival,happiness提示问题： Whafs your hobby? What kind of activities do you often take part in? What benefits do you get from it?Hobbies are important for teenagers.答案和解析1 .【答案】c【解析】he他；it它；she她；they他（她、它）们。根据My aunt"我阿姨”可知，填she” 她”。应选：Co我阿姨住在大城市，但她大局部周末都在农场度过。分析选项代词意思及用法，结合语境，找到关键词，选择合适答案。2 .【答案】A【解析】。n用于具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午，下午或晚上；by通过；at用于具 体的时刻前面；in用在年、月、上下午的前面。根据March 3rd?月3日”可知，在具体 某一天用介词on。应选：Ao每年的3月3日是世界野生动物日。介词这个知识点很广泛，有一些固定用法，需要日常积累，结合语境选择正确介词完成 习题。3 .【答案】D【解析】A.Howfar多远，提问距离；B.How many多少，提问可数名词复数；C.How much 多少，提问不可数名词；D.How often多久一次，提问频度；根据题干Once a week.可知 问的是频度。应选D。你多久去养老院做一次志愿者？周一次。仔细分析句子的结构，根据Once a week.结合选项作答。4 .【答案】A【解析】can会；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据No,I can't."不,我不会。” 可知，一般疑问句用can开头。应选：Ao-卡尔，你会弹钢琴吗？第12页，共20页 -不，我不会。但我正在学习如何演奏。情态动词在句中不受人称、性别、单复数变化的影响，但是要考虑时态，交际用法等。 结合语境，选择正确答案。5 .【答案】B【解析】so所以；or否那么、或者；but但是；for为了。根据Be carefu小心点”可知，” 否那么"你会割破手指的。填or。应选：Bo小心点，否那么你会割破手指的。连词可以表并列、承接、转折、因果、选择、假设、比拟、让步等关系，要结合语境, 选择合适连词用法。6 .【答案】B【解析】high高的;higher更高的;highest最高的,通常加the； the highest最高的。根 据Mount Hua and Mount Huang”华山和黄ill”可知，两者比拟，填比拟级higher。应选：Bo华山和黄山在中国都很有名，但华山是更高的。要熟练掌握最高级的用法，根据具体的语境，仔细分析，选择恰当的最高级形式。7 .【答案】B【解析】结合句意，及look可判断本句为现在进行时。主语为they,用are practising。应选：Bo-看！孩子们在操场上做什么？-哦，他们在练习排球。此题需要结合句意及提示，分清所需要填写句子的结构或时态，从而确定答案。8 .【答案】D【解析】根据3 years ago判断时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。应选：Do3年前汤姆开始学习汉语，现在他可以讲好。根据时间状语判断时态，选择正确的谓语动词形式。9 .【答案】A【解析】根据every year判断时态为一般现在时，many people后谓语动词用原形。应选：Ao每年，来自世界各地的很多人参观颐和园。根据时间状语判断时态，选择正确的谓语动词。10 .【答案】C【解析】lives一般现在时；was living过去进行时；has lived现在完成时；will live一般 将来时。根据时间状语"since 2008”和语境，可知句子用现在完成时，即”杨夫人自从2008 年以来就生活在北京。”应选：Co杨夫人自从2008年以来就生活在北京。她爱这个城市。辨析选项时态，结合时间状语和语境，给出答案。11 .【答案】D【解析】根据题干和语境，可知主语"more and more families ”与谓语动词encourage之间 是被动关系，句子应用被动语态，结合时间副词"Today”（今天，现今），可知句子是 表述现在的情况，句子应用一般现在时，结合一般现在时态的被动语态的构成，以及主 语是复数，因此是"are encouraged'1 o 应选：Do现今，越来越多的家庭被鼓励去参加社团服务。掌握一般现在时态的被动语态的构成，结合语境，给出答案。12 .【答案】C【解析】根据题干，可知考查宾语从句。要用陈述语序，排除BD；由Next Friday afternoon. 下周五下午。可知时态是一般将来时will+动词原形。排除A。应选：Co-你能告诉我你们什么时候举行生日聚会吗？-下周五下午。熟悉宾语从句的用法，结合题意，给出答案。1320.【答案】C、A、D、C、A、A、B、D第14页，共20页【解析】（1）数词辨析。A.2, B.3, C.4 , D.5,根据 One person stood on one side of the gym,and the other three stood across from him or her.（一个人站在体育馆的一边，另夕卜三 个人站在他或她对面）可知句意：我们被分成四个人一组。应选C。（2）动词辨析。A.失败，B.决定，C管理，D.拒绝，结合语境可知句意：如果第四名 队员没能抓住娃娃，球队将不会得到任何分数。应选A。（3）动词辨析。A.开展，B.适合，C.出现，D.起作用，结合语境可知句意：我们尝试 了很多解决方案，但没有一个能在不把娃娃掉到地板上的情况下奏效。应选D。（4）名词辨析。A.表扬，B.机会，C.分数，D.金钱，整个班都快玩完整个游戏，但是 依然没能到达目的地，所以目前没有一个组得到了分数。应选C。（5）动词辨析。A.吃，B.打招呼，C.取悦，D.抚摸，根据Jamie,you are going to let the crocodiles eat you?（杰米，你要让鳄鱼吃掉你吗？）可知句意：当所有的鳄鱼都在忙 着吃我的时候，我的团队成员可以把所有的娃娃带到体育馆的地板。应选A。（6）形容词辨析。A.坚强的，B.明智的，C.受欢迎的，D.漂亮的，根据While all the crocodiles are busy eating me,my team members could take all the baby dolls across the gym floor,（当所有的鳄鱼都在忙着吃我的时候，我的团队成员可以把所有的娃娃带到体育 馆的地板）可知娃娃们都会很平安并且坚强，应选A。（7）副词辨析。A.不高兴地，B.平静地，C.愤怒地，D.遗憾地，结合语境可知句意：” 我已经失败了，”我平静地回答。这个主意是作者想出来的，故她知道自己可能会输掉， 故而冷静。应选B。（8）动词辨析。A.放置，B.保存，C拾取，D.给予，老师说这个游戏唯一能赢的方法 是有个人牺牲来拯救整个班，从下句中可知所有的同学都得了 A-plus可知是作者放弃自 己而拯救了整个班级。give up放弃。句意：这项任务的唯一解决方法是让一名成员为你 们其余的人放弃一切。你做到了，杰米！应选D。文章讲的鳄鱼逃生的游戏，让同学们学到了牺牲自我，成就他人最后大获全胜的精神。 做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须 先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分 析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案 全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。2123.【答案】A、B、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。The Shougang Big Air project is the highlight of it.（首钢滑雪大跳台工程是其中的亮点。）可知，首钢园的亮点是首钢滑雪大跳台。应选A。（2）细节理解题。根据Xinshougang Bridge in Shijingshan was named a 2020 Global Best Projects winner by US in dustry magazine Engineering News-Record.（石景山的新首钢大桥被美国工业杂志工程新 闻纪录提名为2020年全球最正确工程得主。）可知，2020年全球最正确工程是新首钢大桥。 应选Bo（3）总结归纳题。根据The Beijing Winter Olympic Park is located in Shijingshan district along the Yongding River. （北京冬季奥林匹克公园位于永定河沿岸的石景山区。）和Shang Brew views both Xiuchi Lake and Shijingshan Hill.（香啤坊能欣赏到秀池湖和石景 山的美景。）和Xinshougang Bridge in Shijingshan was named a 2020 Global Best Projects winner by US in dustry magazine Engineering News-Record.（石景山的新首钢大桥被美国工业杂志工程新 闻纪录提名为2020年全球最正确工程得主。）以及Kappa Shougang Infinite Park,Shijingshan,is a good place for extreme sports.（石景山的 Kappa首钢极限公园是极限运动的好地方。）可知，所有的景点都在北京石景山区。故 选B。这篇短文主要介绍了北京石景山区4个有名的旅游胜地。首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正 确答案。2426.【答案】C、B、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 So,when I was 14, we took a bike trip to explore this historic road! （SltL我14岁的时候，我们骑自行车去探索这条历史悠久的道路。）可 知，父亲和儿子骑自行车旅行的目的是探索这条历史悠久的道路。应选C。（2）细节理解题。根据第五段It was a cool afternoon in early fall.（这是初秋的一个凉爽 的下午。）可知，那天天气凉爽。应选B。（3）推理判断题。根据最后段 He turns on the light of hope in my heart.And he gives me courage to keep riding through life's dark tunnels.（他点亮了我心中的希望之光。他给了我 勇气，让我继续穿越生活的黑暗隧道。）可知，作者记得这段旅行是因为父亲的鼓励点 燃了他生命中的希望之光。应选D。这篇短文作者讲述了小时候和父亲一起骑车探索古老的道路的经历，虽然隧道黑暗恐怖, 但是父亲的鼓励和陪伴点燃了作者心中的希望之光。第16页，共20页首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，找出相关信息，就可以确定正 确答案。2729.【答案】C、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Everyone agrees that long-term stress,for example having to look after someone who has a lo ng-lasting illness,or stressful situations where there is nothing we can do,for example being st uck in a traffic jam,is bad for our health and should be avoided whenever possible.（每个人者B 赞同，长期的压力，例如必须照顾长期生病的人，或者我们无能为力的压力情况，例如 陷入交通堵塞，对我们的健康有害，应该尽可能防止。）可知照顾长期生病的人对健康 不好。应选C。（2）段意理解题。根据 Dr.Kyriazis says that "good stress”can strengthen our natural defenses which protect us from illnesses common among older peo pie, （Kyriazis博士说，”良好的压力”可以增强我们的自然防御能力，保护我们免受老年 人常见疾病的侵袭。）可知能阻止我们生病。应选A。（3）推理判断题。根据"As the body gets older,this self-repair function of the cells starts to slow down,"says Dr.Kyri azisJ'The best way to keep the process working efficiently is to "exercise*1 it,in the same way you would exercise your muscles to keep them strong.This means having a certain amount of stress in our lives." （Kyriazis博士说:“随着身体变老,细胞的自我修复功能开始放缓。 ”保持这一过程有效运行的最正确方法是“锻炼”它，就像锻炼肌肉使其保持强壮一样。这 意味着我们的生活中会有一定的压力。”）可知我们的身体需要一些压力去锻炼我们的 身体自我修复系统。应选D。本文讲述了压力的危害性以及怎样减少压力的建议。首先要通读全文，了解文章大意，紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息，然后明确词意, 结合排除法逐一选出答案，最后再通读全文，核对答案。3033.【答案】C、D、A、D【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据In the last 25 years,the populations of monarch butterflies have reduced by hundreds of millio ns,according to the Wildlife Services Species report.（根据野生动物服务组织的物种报告, 在过去的25年里，帝王蝶的数量减少了数亿只。）可知第一段介绍了帝王蝶数量的变 化。应选c。（2）词义猜想题。根据后文the monarch project worked well with more people staying home to watch over their gardens. （帝王蝶工程工作顺利，有更多的人呆在家里照看自己的花园。）可知此处意为与其他 一些因COVID-19而减少的实地工作不同。应选D。（3）理解判断题。根据 Chicago saw a hot,dry summer in 2020,which may have affected the health of the milkweed plants.In 2021, the reports out of Mexico noted illegal logging （非法砍伐）,as well as trees hit by wind and drought.（芝加哥在2020年经历了一个炎热干燥的夏天， 这可能影响了马利筋植物的健康。2021年，墨西哥的报告指出了非法砍伐，以及树木 受到风和干旱的影响。）可知他们的工作面临着很大的挑战。应选A。（4）目的意图题。根据“The best thing to do is what you can do,“ Hasle said. n One milkweed plant in a pot on your window board is doing something. n n Probably it gives you something to look forward to dur ing the boring winter in Chicago. "（"最好的方法就是你能做什么，”哈斯勒说。窗板上的 花盆里的一株马利筋正在起作用。”也许它能让你在芝加哥无聊的冬天里有所期待。”） 可知作者的目的是号召人们给帝王蝶提供一个更好的环境。应选Do 文章介绍帝王蝶的数量在急剧减少以及人们所采取的措施。在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，认真辨析选项，仔细 推敲，确定最正确答案。34.【答案】【小题 1 It is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.【小题 2 Being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders. 【小题 3 About 100 patients.【小题 4 Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.小题 5 I think eating disorders are harmful to health and should be treated in time.And I will call on the society to pay more attention to this problem.解析（1）细节理解题。根据"An eating disorder is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.”可知饮食失调是指一个人的饮食不正常或不健康的一 种疾病 o 故填 It is a kind of illness in which a person does not eat in a normal or healthy way.（2）细节理解题。根据"Experts warn that being alone and feeling anxious can increase the第18页，共20页 harmfulness of eating disorders."可知独处和焦虑会增加饮食失调的危害。故填Being alone and feeling anxious can increase the harmfulness of eating disorders.（3）细节理解题。根据"Recently,Wildes，program treats about 100 patients.”可知最近治疗 了大约 100 个人，故填 About 100 patients.（4）细节理解题。根据"Bulimic （贪食）is also a kind of eating disorder.Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.”可知暴食症患者吃大量食 物，然后强迫自己呕吐。故填 Bulimic people eat large amount of food and then force themselves to throw it up.（5）开放性试题。结合文章，言之有理即可，我认为饮食失调对健康有害，应该及时 治疗。我将呼吁社会更加关注这个问题。故填I think eating disorders are harmful to health and should be treated in time.And I will call on the society to pay more attention to this problem. 本文主要介绍了饮食失调这种疾病。首先，对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意；其次，细读题材，各个击破；再次， 细细阅读材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关 信息。35.【答案】Dear Jack,I like reading very much.Recently I have read read a book about history.（最近读 了 什么） It is mainly talk about Chinese history.（关于什么）I have a lot from it.Firstly,! gain plenty of knowledge about history which opens my eyes.高分句型一Besides,through reading,! know a lot of famous people in our history.Their stories encourage me to face difficulties bravely.In a word,ifs meaningful for me to read books.高分句型二】 （为什么喜欢它）Reading can not only increase my knowledge and experience,but also help build my character.（总结全文）Looking forward to hearing about your recent readings.YoLi Hua【解析】【高分句型一】Firstly,! gain plenty of knowledge about history which opens my eyes.首先， 我获得 了很多 关于历史的知识，开阔了我的眼界。12. 一Could you please tell me?-Next Friday afternoon.()when you held the birthday partyA. when did you hold the birthday partywhen you will hold the birthday partyB. when will you hold the birthday party二、完形填空(本大题共8小题，共8.0分)Sacrifice We got a HUGE task in PE class.HUGEiThis was so big that Mr.Dover was basing half of our grades on it.Here was the task.We were divided into groups of(13),One person stood on one side of the gym,and the other three stood across from him or her.We had to get a baby doll across the gym floor to the fourth member on the other side.But we couldn't just walk across the gym floor because we had to pretend (假装)the floor was full of crocodiles.And the baby doll couldn't be dropped on the floor because we were supposed to pretend it was our most beloved baby.If the fourth member( 14) to catch the baby doll,the team would not get any grade.Many solutions we tried,but none of them(15) well without dropping the baby doll on the floor. The class was almost over,but we were still not getting anywhere.And not even a team got any( 16),Suddenly a word "sacrifice (牺牲)n on a poster caught my eyes.Then I had an idea. I quickly gathered all the baby dolls of each team and handed them to my team members.Then I walked directly into the enter of the gym. After that,! asked my team members to walk to Hudson,who was standing on the other side of the gym. With all the dolls getting across,all the groups could get grades.I announced,nWhile all the crocodiles are busy( 17) me,my team members could take all the baby dolls across the gym floor,and at the same time,all baby dolls will be safe and(18). ” Mr.Dover was shocked." Jamie,you are going to let the crocodiles eat you? Doesn't that mean you fail? H' I already failed,nI answered(19). “But now everybody else passes.And they can get their grades,right? ”Mr.Dover smiled.He said to the whole class, nShe is right.The only solution to this task is for one member to(20) up everything for the rest of you. You got it,Jamie!And all of you will get A-plus!n第2页，共20页 which引导定语从句。【高分句型二】In a word,itfs meaningful for me to read books.总之，读书对我来说是有意义的。It is+形容词for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事是的。能够根据提示进行书面表达，能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等， 清楚连贯地表达自己的思想，进而完成写作任务。36.【答案】Hobbies are important for teenagers.My hobby is reading.There are hundreds of books on my bookshelves and I love reading.（我的爱好）My mother gave me a cartoon book as a pr