2022年人教版中考英语总复习 第一部分教材知识梳理 八年级(下)Units 9-10.docx

八年级（下）Units 9-10教材词汇分层训练争重点单词背记. some where odu在某处;到某处1 .camera机照相机;摄影机;摄像机.progress v.&儿进步;进展2 .toilet儿坐便器;厕所.perfect adj.完美的;完全的1.1 tself pron.f的反身代词）它自己.thousand 几4m.一千7 .simply ad比仅仅;只;不过.fear v.& .害怕;惧怕9 .whether co戏不管（还是）;或者（或者）;是否. whe ne ver co句.在任何的时候;无论何时10 .spring儿春天.yard儿院子13 .sweet "力.甜蜜的;甜的;含糖的.cent几分;分币15 .toy儿玩具.bear .熊16 .check v.&九检查;审查.board机板;木板17 .bedroom 九卧室.railway .铁路;铁道18 .part以离开;分开.局部.certain。力.某种;某事;某人;确定;无疑19 .while .一段时间;一会儿conj.与同时;当的时候;而;然而“认为；consider sb./sth.(to be)+M/h.”认为某Who do you consider (to be) responsible for the accident?你认看待”，人媒物”为谁要对这个事故负责？相当于consider sb./sth.(as)+Lydia was considered (as) an excellent teacher.莉迪亚被认为regard“把某人/某物视为”是一名优秀的教师。活学活用I don't know where to go this summer vacation.Why not visiting Shaanxi?There are many places of interest.A.mind B.considerC.forget D.suggest【解析】考查动词。句意:一我不知道暑假去哪里玩。为什么不考虑去陕西呢?那儿有很多名胜古 迹。mind”介意;反对”;consider”考虑”;forget“忘t己”;suggest“建议【答案】B重I点I句I型I考点 7Have you ever been to a science museum?你去过科学博物馆吗？(P65) 到辛析 have been to,have gone to 和 have been in考占用法have beento表示“曾经去过某地“，现在已不在那里了，常与just,ever,never连用，后可接次数，如once,twice,three times等，表示“去过某地几次工have goneto表示“去了某地”，现在还未回来，说话时所指对象不在现场，一般是第三人称作主语。have beenin表示“在某地多长时间了 ”,常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。例如：I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。Mr.Wang isn't here.He has gone to Qingdao.王先生不在这里。他去青岛了。He has been in London for half a month.他来伦敦已有半个月了。特别提醒(l)have been to,have gone to和have been in后接表示地点的副词there,here等时，介词to或in常省略。例如：You have never been there be fore,have you?你以前从没去过那里,是吗？have been in后面还可接表示组织、团体的名词，表示加入某组织。例如：He has been in the Party for two years.他入党已经两年了。活学活用.(2021-四川泸州)Where is Lucy?I haven't seen her for days.一She Chengdu.She911 be back next week.A.has gone to B.has been toC.have gone to D.have been to【解析】考查have gone to的用法及主谓一致。句意:露西去哪里了?我有几天没见到她了。她 去成都了。她将在下周回来。根据语境可知，露西去了成都淌未回来，且主语为第三人称单数，故用has gone too【答案】A.一Where will you visit this May Day Holiday?I'm not sure.Maybe I will go to Suzhou.My friend there twice and he says it's a good place tovisit.A.has gone to B.has been inC.has gone D.has been【解析】考查has been to的用法。句意:一这个五一假期你打算去哪里玩?我不确定。我可能会去 苏州。我朋友去过那里两次他说那里是个旅游的好地方。根据“twice”可知，此处强调曾经去过某地，且 空后接地点副词there,故用has been。【答案】D考点8Fve had it for three years!我拥有它(自行车)已经三年了!(P73)现在完成时和延续性动词连用：在肯定句中,非延续性动词(buy,d ie ,j o in, los e等)不能直接与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。意现在去 那么史送聂二段蒙1连E股处延戮初迥|谡威延缓I蝮典。常见此类词的转换如下：1 .用have代替buvo例如：My brother has had this car for almost four years.我的哥哥买这辆汽车差不多四年了。2 .用织就如设我餐蜘觌。例如：I have kept the book for quite a few days.这本书我已经借 了 好几天 了。3 .fflbe#Jbecome。例如：How long has your sister been a teacher?你的姐姐当老师有多长时间了 ？4JII have a cold 彳曲故 catch a cold。例如：Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.汤姆从前天起就已经感冒 了。5出例如：be married 代替 marry/get marriedbe ill 代替 fall/get illbe dead 代替 die be asleep 代替 fall asleep be awake 代替 wake up be away 代替 leave be open 代替 openbe closed 代替 close/shut be missing/gone/lost 代替 lose 6,成/城速为谖差延缓隹曳词。例如: be on 代替 start/begin be up 代替 get up be back (to)代替 return (to)/come back (to)/go back (to)be here/there 代替 come/arrive/reach/get here 或 go/arrive/reach/get there7用力出诞短途法触延缓隹如。例如：“be in/at+地点”代替"go to/come to+地点”活学活用1.(2021 江苏南京)1 saw Julia in April and I her since then.A.don't see B.didn't seeC.won't see D.haven't seen【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:我在四月份见到过朱莉娅，而从那以后就再没见过她。根据时间状语since then可判断，此处应用现在完成时，表示从过去某个时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作。【答案】D2.（2021-四川凉 111）Your scarf is so beautiful! When did you buy it?On my 18th birthday.1it for 6 years.A.boughtB.will haveC.have hadD.have bought【解析】考查动词的时态。句意:一你的围巾真漂亮!什么时候买的?在我18岁生日时（买的）。我 已买了 6年了。根据时间状语for 6 yea”可判断，此处用现在完成时，表示从过去某个时刻开始一直持续 到现在的动作。而buy为非延续性动词，不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用，故应转换为对应的延续性 动词have。【答案】C安徽中考真题精选I .单项填空1.（2019,安徽第 34 题）一It's ten years since we came here.一How time flies!We in China for so long.（ D ）A.work B.workedC.will work D.have worked.（2017安 徽第 43 题）There are many beautiful places to visit in Anhui,Mount Huang in autumn. （D ）A.simply B.finallyC.luckily D.especially2 .（2014安徽第 46 题）Rose finished her study in the university and went to a good job.（ D ）A.take after B.look afterC.care for D.search for.（2013安徽第 39 题）1 will meet Jane at the station.Please what time she will arrive.（ C ）A.count B.chooseC.check D.catch（2021 安徽第 79 题）My English teacher always wears a sweet （甜美的）smile in class.25 . home town几家乡;故乡.search v.&九搜索;搜查27 .among p忆p.在（其）中;之一.crayon .彩色铅笔（或粉笔、蜡笔）28 .century几百年;世纪30.opposite prep.与相对;在对面 adj.对面的;另一边的31.especially。八.尤其;特别;格外净重点单词拓展1. in vention机创造;创造物invent忧创造;创造inventor n.创造者.rapid od，.迅速的;快速的rapidly迅速地;快速地2 .encourage v.鼓励一 encouragement .鼓励;支持.social 切.社会的一society .社会;社团5.collect v.收集:采集collection）收藏品;收集collector儿收集者川攵藏家6.German.德国的;德语的;德国人的。德语;德国人 Germany九德国7.safe adj.平安的;无危险的safety".平安;平安性safely adv.平安地8.scarf .围巾;披巾;头巾-scarves/scarfs （复数形式）9.soft adj.软的;柔软的softly adv.轻轻地;轻柔地.clear u.清理;清除adj,清楚易懂的;晴朗的一> clearly清楚地;清晰地;明白地10 .own h拥有;有> owner几物主;主人.honest.老实的;老实的honesty n.老实一 dishonest adj.不老实的不老实的12 .shame儿羞耻;羞愧;惭愧;令人惋惜的事乂使羞愧（或惭愧）shameful 山.可耻的:丢脸的一 shameless adj.无耻的.count 认数数7 countless 。/无数的14 .consider u.注视;仔细考虑consideration儿仔细考虑;深思;斟酌;体谅.hold比拥有;抓住held （过去式/过去分词）净重点短语积累l.tea art 茶艺2 .tea set 茶具.make progress 取得进步3 .a couple of两个;一对;几个.thousands of数以千计的;许许多多的6.on the one hand.on the other hand.一方面另一方面.all year round 全年7 .yard sale庭院拍卖会.bread maker 面包机8 .soft toy软体玩具;布绒玩具.check out观察;观察11 .board game棋类游戏.clear out清理;丢掉12 .no longer不再;不复.part with放弃、交出（尤指不舍得的东西）13 .as for至于;关于.to be honest 说实在的14 .for a while 暂时;一会儿.according to 依据;按照15 .close to几乎;接近争核心词汇语境练根据首字母及汉语提示补全单词n spring （春天）,grass turns green and flowers come out.2 .The program Drive Less,Cycle More will reduce pollution and make streets much safer （平安的）.3 .Jane's little sister often likes to play in the back yard （院子）of their house.4 .Two social （社会的）groups raised money for the homeless in the park last weekend.5 .My brotherowned （拥有）a book shop three years ago.6 .To behonest （老实的）,1 don't remember what he said.7 .These children simply （仅仅）played volleyball for fun yesterday afternoon.8 .The young couple hate being parted （分开）from their child,but they have to leave for work.熟词生义1. spring熟义九春天生义九泉;弹簧;弹性(l)If someone gives you a little drop of water,you should return a spring of water.(2020湖 南 娄底)(B )(2)Compared with autumn,! enjoy spring better.( A )A.春天B.泉 C.弹簧 2. safe熟义:.平安的;无危险的生义:adj.谨慎的;小心的n.保险箱;保险柜(l)The man put the money in his safe and only he himself has the key.( D )(2)Don't be afraid,little boy. You were saved by the police and now you're safe.( C )A.谨慎的B.小心的C.平安的D.保险箱.bear熟义九熊生义:也忍受;承受(l)“Sirsaid a little one,“she makes such a loud noise that we can't bear her.”(2021 力可 南)( A )(2)Researchers can also walk or sit with bears for hours and make videos to learn about their everyday lives.(2014 安徽)(B )A.忍受B.熊. board熟义力.板;木板;(棋)盘生义九甲板;住宿口上船(或飞机、火车、公共汽车等)(l)She was very sad because she boarded the wrong train.( A )(2)Wzz,as an old board game,was invented in China more than 2,500 years ago.(2021 湖目匕宜昌)(B )A.上(火车)B.(棋)盘 C住宿3 .count熟义.数数生义:u.重要;把算入;包括儿数出总数(l)I've always believed that happiness counts more than money.(2)Although she is just a little kid,she can count up to 10 in English.( A )(3)Please count me in on this project.(C )A.数数B.重要C.把算入6. opposite 熟义:prep .与相对;在对面。力.对面的;另一边的生义:相反的,对立的人(或物)(1)1 sat opposite him during the meal.( C )(2)1 asked the man opposite if he would open the door.( B )(3)Water drops must appear in the air in the opposite direction of the moon.(2021 江苏连云港)( A )A.相反的B.对面的C.与相对7.hold熟义以拥有;抓住生义”举行;(打 时)等待，不挂断;坚持溶纳;持有(信念、意见);拿着(l)Hold your dream,or you might regret some day.(2017安徽)(A )(2)Mom was holding a cake with candles and singing “Happy Birthday" to me.( B )(3)A basket alone costs 5 yucm.It holds about 2 kg of strawberries and a basket of strawberries is priced at 50 yuan in total.(2021 广东)( D )A.坚持B.拿着C.举行D.容纳名师考点精讲重|点|词|汇|考点1 progress的用法【教材原句】It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!科学技术的进步速度如此之快，真是令人难以置信!(P67)意为“进步;改进;进展”常用结构：progress to sth.接着做（另一件事）progress -意为”进步;进展;进程“4 作名词 -make（rapid/slow/great） progress常用结构J “取得（快速/缓慢/巨大）的进步”-in progress“在进行中”例如:This course allows students to progress at their own speed.这门课程允许学生按照各自的速度学习。We have made much progress in controlling the fire.我们在控制火灾方面取得了很大的进步。Work on the new office building is in great progress.新办公楼的建设工程进展非常顺利。活学活用.Chinese scientists have made great in medical research.A. attentionB .progre s sC.information D.pride【解析】考查名词。句意:中国科学家在医学研究上取得了很大的进步。progress“进步”，表示“取得进步” 应用固定表达 make progresso attention“注意”;information"信息”;pride"骄傲;自豪”。【答案】B.Please remain quiet in this area because the meeting is.A.in progress B.in publicC.in danger C.in need【解析】考查介词短语。句意:请在这个区域保持安静,因为会议正在进行。in progress"在进行中”，符合 语境。【答案】A考点2encourage的用法【教材原句】It also encourages governments and social groups to think about ways to improve toilets in the future.它博物馆）还鼓励政府和社会团体思考未来改善厕所的方法。（P67）His parents encourage him to stay in school.他父母鼓励他继续上学。 活学活用My teacher encouraged me English as much as possible.A.to speakB.speakC. speaking D.to speaking【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:我的老师鼓励我尽可能多地讲英语。encourage sb.to d。sth."鼓励某人 做某事”。【答案】A考点3check的用法【教材原句】And check out these soft toys and board games for younger kids.还有，看下这些给小孩子们玩的布绒玩具和棋类游戏。（P74）意为”检查；审查;核查;检验”.作动词）- -echeck in”登记;报到”I船 一 check on”检查；核实（是否一切正常）” check卜拈配 L check our观察；观察”4作名词 卜意为“检查;调查;支票“例如:Please check the oil and water before setting off.在出发前，请检查油和水。Please check in at least an hour before departure,请至少在飞机起飞前一小时办理登机手续。The police are checking out what they found in the spot,警方正在检查他们在现场发现的东西。She gave the family a check for ¥20,000.她给了那家人一张两万元的支票。The police is doing a check on his call record警方正在对他的通话记录进行调查。妙辨异同勃辛析 check,test 和 examine（l）check侧重于“检查;审查;核查”，确保不出现错误或一切正常。例如：She checked the door locks carefully before she left.她离开之前仔细地检查了 门锁。Will you check your homework yourself first?你 能自己先检查一下作业吗？（2）test作名词时，侧重于“检测测试”;作动词时未示检测某人的知识或技能,有时也可表示对某物的检查 或实验。例如：You'd better have your eyes tested without delay.你最好马上检查一下眼睛。We have a test every Friday.我们每周五进行一次测试oexamine为动词，意为，调查;审查;仔细看”，侧重指对人或事物进行检查以确认是否存在问题或故障池 可以表示“考试，测验（某人）"，比test正式。例如：Nowjet me examine your neck once more .现在让我再检查一下你的颈部。We have our suitcases examined at the airport.我们的行李在机场都进行 了 检查。活学活用I was busy this morning and didn't have time to my e-mail.A.waste B.punish C.believeD.check【解析】考查动词。句意:今天上午我很忙，没有时间检查我的邮件。waste“浪费”;punish“惩罚”;believe"相 信”;check “检查”。【答案】D考点4clear的用法【教材原句】We have already cleared out a lot of things from our bedrooms.我们已经从卧室里清理出了 许多东西。(P75)作动词作动词意为”清理;清除"茗/dear our清理；丢掉”常用搭配tdearup “解释;弄清楚;整理”作形容词-意为“清楚易懂的;清澈的;晴朗的;清晰的二 一副词形式为clearly常用搭配常用搭配pbe clear about sth.“对某事很清楚” if s clear to sb. that"某人很清楚. (I make it clear that.“声明/说明 演间一意为“不靠近;不接触”例如:He cleared a space on his desk for the report.他在桌子上清理出一块地方来放报告。You should make it clear that he is not welcome here.你应该说清楚这里不欢迎他。On a clear day you can see that mountain.天气晴朗时，你可以看见那座山。Stand clear of the train doors.不要靠近火车门站立。活学活用The teacher the harder parts of the story so that the students can understand it better.A.cleared awayB.cleared outC.cleared up D.cleared off【解析】考查动词短语。句意:老师解释了故事中较难的局部，便于学生更好地理解。clear away“清除”;clear out”清理二clear up"解释”;clear off，离开”。【答案】C考点5search的用法【教材原句】Nowadays,millions of Chinese leave the countryside to search for work in the cities,如今，数百万中国人 离开农村去城市找工作。(P78)活学活用用search,search for或searchfor的适当形式填空.The old man is still searching the hills for gold.【解析】此处表示那个老人在山里寻找金子，应用seamh.for;再根据语境可知，此处应用现在进行时， 故第一空填searching,第二空填for。1 .The parents went out to search for their missing son.【解析】此处表示那对父母出去寻找他们失踪的儿子，应用search for。to为不定式符号后接动词原形， 故填 search for o.The police searched everyone present before the meeting yesterday.【解析】此处表示警察搜身，应用searcho根据时间状语yesterday可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填searched。考点6consider的用法含义用法例句“仔细考 虑； 斟酌、 相当于think about后接名词、代词、动名词或从句作宾 语，不可接不定式作宾语,但可接“疑 问词+不定式”作宾语Fm considering applying for the job.我正在考虑申请那份工作。We're still considering where to go.我们还在考虑去哪里。