2022年浙江省杭州市钱塘区中考英语一模试卷(附答案详解).docx
2022年浙江省杭州市钱塘区中考英语一模试卷ATwo years ago,Amy Ho designed the Save Our Oceans website.She was a 16-year-old student then.Today,this website has 378 online members.Here is her story.Three years ago,her family went on holiday in Thailand.She saw so much rubbish like plastic juice bottles and shopping bags on the beach.They made the beautiful beach really dirty.After the trip,she watched a TV programme about plastic in the oceans.Every year,people throw several million tons of plastic into the sea.The plastic breaks down into little pieces.Fish,whales and other sea animals cat them.Then many of them become ill or die. nThis is terrible/ She thought to herself.Then,she started to write about the problems on her blog first.She wanted to let her friends know about the terrible situation. All of her friends loved her articles.Then she decided to build a website.She thought more people can help in this way.People can do a lot on the website.They can read articles and share videos about saving the oceans. nOur members like posting videos about reusing plastic products and beach-cleaning events/ said Amy.1. When did Amy start the Save Our Ocean website? A. When she was 12 years old.B. When she was 14 years old.C. When she was 16 years old.D. When she was 18 years old.2. How did Amy feel after watching the TV programme? A. Interested. B. Bored.C. Sad.D. Happy.3. Which is the correct order of the events according to the passage? Amy watched a TV programme about sea pollution.Amy wrote articles about the problems on her blog.Amy went for a vacation in Thailand with her family.Amy set up the Save Our Ocean website.A.B.C.D.Why did Amy build the website? (1) To show different kinds of sea animals.(8) To tell friends the terrible situations.Hi,Li Ping!We're having a family dinner for my mum's birthday next week.My brothers and I are each I going to cook a dish.Fd like to make a Chinese dish or Chinese food.Do you think what I should make? Where can I learn how to make it? Please help me!Love,JohnDear John,Love,Li Ping第10页,共20页答案和解析14.【答案】C、C、C、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据Two years ago,Amy Ho designed the Save Our Oceans website.She was a 16-year-old studen t then.(两年前,艾米设计了拯救我们的海洋网站。当时她是一名16岁的学生。)可知, 艾米16岁时开始创立拯救我们的海洋网站的。应选C。(2)推理判断题。根据"This is terrible;' She thought to herself.("这太可怕了,”她心想。) 可推理出,艾米看了电视节目后感觉很伤心。应选C。(3)细节理解题。通读全文可知,事件的正确顺序是:Three years ago,her family went on holiday in Thailand.(三年前,她的家人去泰国度假。); After the trip,she watched a TV programme about plastic in the oceans.(旅行结束后, 她看 了一个关于海洋中塑料的电视节目。);Then,she started to write about the problems on her blog first.(然后,她开始在她的博客上 写这些问题。);Then she decided to build a website.(然后她决定建立一个网站。)故 事件的正确顺序应是:。应选C。(4)推理判断题。根据People can do a lot on the website.They can read articles and share videos about saving the oc eans .(人们可以在网站上做很多事情。他们可以阅读有关拯救海洋的文章和提供视频。) 可推理出,艾米要建这个网站的为了努力拯救海洋。应选D。短文主要讲述艾米何设计了拯救我们的海洋网站,保护海洋的事情。首先,对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意;其次,细读题材,各个击破;再次, 细细阅读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关 信息。58.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。Real inventions arc great,but the real world has rules.(真 实的创造很伟大,但真实的世界有规那么。);In books and movies,there are no rules.Thats why writers and movie directors can create inve ntions which are really fun!(在书和电影里是没有规那么的。那就是作家和电影导演可以 创作有趣的创造的原因。)可知,虚构的创造是在书和电影里创作出来的。应选:Bo(2)细节理解题。根据When the animal wears the collar around its neck,it can communicate with humans.Useful?Maybe.But what if your dog tells you he would rather go and live with your friend,or your pet asks to go and swim in the river?(当动物戴上了翻译项圈,它可以和人类交流。这有有 吗?或许吧。但是如果你的狗告诉你他宁愿和你的朋友一起生活,或者你的宠物狗要求 去河里游泳,你怎么办?)可知作者认为翻译项圈并不完美。应选:Co(3)细节理解题。根据it would be a great way to escape when someone just keeps talking to you!(当有人不停彳艮你 讲话,它会是一种逃离的好方法!)应选:Ao(4)推理判断题。根据文章大意,小说和电影里没有规那么,可以创作出虚构的创造, 这些创造是有趣的,但有些是不完美的,故推测出年轻人可能对此感兴趣。应选:Do 文章介绍在小说和电影里没有规那么,可以创作出一些有趣的虚构创造。通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细 核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。911 .【答案】D、B、A【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据 Today,popular names include Emma,Sophia,Jacob,and Liam. (如今,流行的名字包括艾玛、索菲亚、雅各布和利亚姆。)可知索菲亚是现在流行的 名字。应选D。(2)词义猜想题。根据These people want their children's names to be .However,they may be in for a surprise.N ames from the past sometimes come back in style.Some old-fashioned names,such as Hannah,Olivia,Max,and Owen are becoming popular again.(这些人希望他们孩子的名字是 O然而,他们可能会大吃一惊。过去的名字有时会流行起来。一些老式的名字,如 Hannah、Olivia、Max和Owen再次流行起来。)根据前后文含义以及结合选项可知, 此处unique意为”特别的、应选B。(3)段落划分题。根据第一段 Just like hair,clothes,colors,and cars,names also go in and out of style.Every generation (代大),certain names become popular.(就像头发、 衣月艮、 颜色和汽车一样,名字也会时而流行时而过时。每一代人的某些名字很流行。)可知第 一段主要是引入话题;根据第二段 Sometimes people choose older names because they're not very popular.(有时人们选择旧名字是因为它们不太流行。)以及第三段Some people may have names from another generation for another reason.(由于另个原因, 有些人可能有第12页,共20页 另一代人的名字。)可知第二段和第三段主要讲述了人们会选择什么样的名字以及原因; 根据最后段 Different names are popular at different times and in different places.Is yours popular in your country?(不同的名字在不同的时间和地点很流行。你的名字在你们国 家受欢迎吗?)可知最后一段主要是对全文的总结。因此A选项是正确的段落划分。故 选Ao本文主要讲述了有关人们所选择的名字的相关知识。首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意, 结合排除法逐一选出答案。最后再通读全文,核对答案。1215.【答案】A、C、B、C【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第一® A fish*s brainwaves don't change when the fish is asleep .(鱼睡觉时,脑电波不会改变)可知,鱼睡觉时,脑电波不会改变。应选A。(2)词句猜想题。根据第二段 Although fish may not sleep like people , they do rest .(虽 然鱼可能不像人那样睡觉,但它们会休息。)可知,虽然鱼可能不像人一样睡觉,但它 们会休息,此处they指的是“鱼二应选C。(3)细节理解题。根据第二段 When a fish is resting , it will react much more slowly .(当 鱼休息时' 它的反响会慢得多。)可知,我们可以从这篇文章中知道。当鱼休息时,它 的反响会慢得多。应选B。(4)最正确标题题。本文主要告诉了我们两种判断动物是否在睡觉或休息的方法。可知 这篇文章最好的标题是“如何知道鱼是否在休息。”应选Co本文告诉了我们两种判断动物是否在睡觉或休息的方法:一个是通过动物的脑电波来判 断它是否在睡觉,另一个是通过观察它对发生在它身上的事情的反响来判断它是否在休 息。通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细 核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。1620.【答案】F、E、D、A、B【解析】细节推理题(9) 根据 To begin with,say something about the weather or the place you're in.Talk about the weekend we all have something to say about weekends!(首先,说说天气或你所在的地方。 说到周末我们都对周末有话要说!)可知,本段提及开始谈话的话题,选项F准备一些 话题来开始对话”符合语境,应选F。(10) 根据 Know about events in the news.Read restaurant and movie reviews.Find out about the popular music scene or what*s new in fashion or sports. ( 了 解新闻事件。阅读餐厅和电 影评论。了解流行音乐场景,时尚或体育方面的新事物。)可知,本段建议了解多方面 的信息,选项E让对话变得有趣”符合语境,应选E。(3)根据Keep eye contact and say, "Yes," "Hmm," ”Uh-huh,” “Right," and "I know." And say,"Really ? ""That's interesting11 It encourages people to talk.(保持眼神交流,说:“是的”、”嗯” 嗯哼“、“对“和“我知道“。说,“真的吗? ”这很有趣。”它鼓励人们交谈。)可知,要注 意眼神交流和反响,这样对方才有兴趣谈下去,选项D做一个好的倾听者”符合语境, 应选Do(4)根据 Ask questions like HWhat do you do in your free time?"or nWhat kind of food do you like?” Use follow-up questions to keep the conversation going.(问这样的问题:"你在空闲时间 做什么? “或者“你喜欢什么样的食物? ”使用后续问题来让对话继续下去。)可知,本 段建议可以问一些问题,选项A”问信息问题”符合语境,应选A。(5)根据 Responses like “I have no comment "and" I don't know.n can sound rude.(回答像 “我无可奉告“和“我不知道”听起来很粗鲁。)可知,有些回答是粗鲁的,所以本段建议 要有礼貌,选项B“要有礼貌”符合语境,应选B。木文是一篇说明文,介绍如何提高谈话技巧。做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意。掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅 读材料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。21 35.【答案】B、A、D、D、A、C、B、C、D、A、B、C、C、D、A【解析】(1)连词辨析。And 和;But 但;Yet 还;So 因此。At first,we didn't talk much.(开始, 我们 说话不多).later that year,when we were both in the school play,we became friends.(那年晚些时候,当我们都参加学校的演出时,我们成了朋友)前后两句构成转 折关系,用But连接,句意:但那年晚些时候,当我们都参加学校的演出时: 我们成了 朋友。应选B。(2)名词辨析。reasons原因;results结果;advantages有点;decisions决定。后文介绍 的是成为朋友的原因,句意:和许多人一样,Alexa和Gabby成为朋友有两个主要原因。 应选Ao(3)名词辨析。mistakes 错误;plans 计划;noises 噪音;friends 朋友。根据"Research shows第14页,共20页 that we make.with people who are nearby."(研究说明,我们和周围的人交)可知,和 周围的人交朋友,make friends”交朋友”,句意:研究说明,我们和周围的人交朋友。故 选D。(4)名词辨析。subject 主题;habit 习惯;idea 想法;interest 兴趣。根据"If two people have something in common"(如果两个人有一些共同之处)可知,二人对表演有共同之处, 是对表演有兴趣,句意:后来,Alexa和Gabby都参加了学校的戏剧表演,她们发现了 共同的兴趣。应选D。(5)动词辨析。increases 增加;accepts 接受;studies 研究;faces 脸。根据"If two people have something in common,this also.the possibility that they will be friends.” (如果两个人 有共同之处,这也会他们成为朋友的可能性)可知,两个人有共同之处会增加他们成 为朋友的可能性。句意:如果两个人有共同之处,这也会增加他们成为朋友的可能性。 应选Ao(6)形容词辨析。stupid愚蠢的;regular常规的;important重要的;simple简单的。根 nTo become close friends with another person,though,two other factors (因素)are.1'(然 而,要想和另一个人成为亲密的朋友,还有两个因素也很)可知,还有两个因素也很 重要,句意:然而,要想和另一个人成为亲密的朋友,还有两个因素也很重要。应选C。(7)形容词辨析。warm温暖的;personal个人的;wonderful极好的;strong强壮的。 根据"the two people should be able to share.feelings and information with each other* (两个 人应该能够提供彼此的感受和信息)可知,是提供个人的感受和信息,句意:首先, 两个人应该能够提供彼此的个人感受和信息。应选B。(8)连词辨析。where 哪里;how 如何;when 何时;why 为什么。根据"offer help at times.the other person needs itn (在另一个人需要的提供帮助)可知,在别人需要的时候倾听并 提供帮助,句意:好朋友也会在别人需要的时候倾听并提供帮助。应选C。(9)形容词辨析。funny滑稽的;silly愚蠢的;nice好的;difficult困难的。根据”giving up”(放弃)可知,很难想要放弃,句意:”演这部戏真的很难,”她说。应选D。(10)动词短语辨析。thought about思考;put up举起;cared for关心;heard from收到 某人来信。根据"There were times when Igiving up."(好几次放弃)可知,因为表演 很难,所以好几次想放弃,句意:有几次我想放弃。应选A。(11)副词辨析。always 总是;never 从不;often 通常;just 仅仅。根据"L.told other people this,but I could always talk to Gabby."(我跟别人说过,但我可以跟Gabby说)可知, 除了 Gabby从没跟别人说过,句意:我从没跟别人说过,但我可以跟Gabby说。应选B。(12)形容词辨析。angry生气的;relaxed放松的;nervous紧张的;well健康的。根据 nActing is hard and I get.too.*'(表演很难,我也会)可知,Gabby表示自己也会紧张, 句意:表演很难,我也会紧张。应选C。(13)介词辨析。with 和;on 在上;at 在;for 为了。根据"But you're really goodit."(但你真的很)可知,此处是be good at短语,意为“擅长”,句意:但你真的很擅长。应选C。(14)名词辨析。help 帮助;money 钱;time 时间;practice 练习。根据"so they decided to meet and study their lines together after school”(所以她们决定放学后一起学习她们的 台词)可知,放学后一起学习她们的台词,所以是需要练习,句意:Alexa和Gabby都 需要很多练习,所以她们决定放学后一起学习她们的台词。应选D。(15)连词辨析。close亲近的;young年轻的;careful仔细的;outgoing外向的。根据 "we continued to hang out-and even now,we're still very”(我们继续出去玩 即使是现 在,我们仍然很)可知,现在依然是很亲密的朋友,句意:学校演出结束后,我们继 续出去玩一一即使是现在,我们仍然很亲密。应选A。本文介绍Alexa和Gabby成为朋友的原因和过程,告诉我们成为朋友有很多原因。首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意, 结合排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。36【答案】【小题【小题2】photos【小题3 but【小题4】was saved【小题5】badly【小题6 to help【小题7 him小题8 drove小题 9 the highest小题10 after【解析】(1)考查冠词。句意:她有一个令人兴奋的工作。exciting是以元音音素开头 的单词,故答案为an。(2)考查名词。句意:多年以来她一直拍摄世界各地的照片。复数名词表示一类事物, 故答案为photos。(3)考查连词。句意:旅行是令人兴奋的,但是有时也是艰难的。前后句子存在转折第16页,共20页 关系,故答案为but。(4)考查动词时态语态。句意:她被两个游客救了。主体时态是一般过去时,对于她 来说是被救的,所以要用一般过去时的被动语态来填空,故答案为was saved。(5)考查副词。句意:她受了严重的伤。副词修饰动词,故答案为badly。(6)考查动词不定式。句意:幸运的是,一个陌生人提出帮助她。offer to do sth.固定 短语,提出做某事,故答案为t。help。(7)考查代词。句意:Fiona以前没有遇到他,但是他开了八个小时的车把她送到城市 里的医院里。前面的词语是动词,所以要用代词宾格来填空,故答案为him。(8)考查动词。句意:Fiona以前没有遇到他,但是他开了八个小时的车把她送到城市 里的医院里。主体时态是一般过去时,所以要用一般过去时来填空,故答案为drove。(9)考查形容词最高级。句意:她的目标是攀登欧洲最高峰-阿尔卑斯山。in Europe 是形容词最高级表示比拟的范围,所以要用形容词最高级来填空,故答案为thehighesto(10)考查介词。句意:就在事故之后的几年里,她做到了。后面的词语是名词,所以 要用介词来填空,故答案为after。本文主要介绍了 Fiona多年以来一直拍摄世界各地的照片,但是在外旅行是有风险的。 首先要通读短文,掌握大意,特别要注意上下文之间的联系,确定某处的需要的词汇和 形式,就可以确定正确答案。37 .【答案】hort【解析】句意:这把尺子太短了,我需要一把更长的。根据a longer one结合首字母s 可推出此处表示'短的",用形容词short。故答案为:short。这把尺子太短了,我需要一把更长的。根据句意及首字母提示补全单词,先要通读句子,理解大意,想出要填的词根,再联系 语境变换恰当的词形,方能正确解答。38 .【答案】welve【解析】根据in a year”一年”,及首字母提示可知,应该是“十二个“月,这里修饰名词 复数months,用基数词twelveo故答案为:twelve。西历一年有十二个月。首字母填空类型题要充分理解句意,再根据首字母提示完成试题,注意时态、单复数、词性等变化。39 .【答案】Games【解析】the 19th Asian Games'* 19届亚运会”名词短语。故答案为:Gameso”心心相融,未来”是2022年第19届杭州亚运会的口号。单词填空类型题要充分理解句意,注意时态、单复数、词性等变化,积累一些固定搭配, 正确写出答案。40 .【答案】yself【解析】根据句意”当我跌倒受伤时,妈妈总是给我一个拥抱,然后把我抱起来”,由空 前的动词hurt,结合首字母m可推出此处用反身代词myself,表示峨自己工故答案为:myselfo当我跌倒受伤时,妈妈总是给我一个拥抱,然后把我抱起来。根据句意及首字母提示补全单词,先要通读句子,理解大意,想出要填的词根,再联系 语境变换恰当的词形,方能正确解答。41 .【答案】eaches【解析】根据意思;一个真正的朋友会把手伸向你,触动你的心.reach for , 一般现 在时态,主语是单数第三人称.故答案是:reaches.一个真正的朋友会把手伸向你,触动你的心.首字母填空类型题要充分理解句意,再根据首字母提示完成试题,注意时态,单复数, 词性等变化.42 .【答案】aught【解析】根据句意"丽莎在一所学校 数学多年,她的学生非常喜欢她”,由首字母t 可推出此处用动词teach,表示“教二由空前的has推断本句为现在完成时,考虑此处填 其过去分词形式。故答案为:taught。丽莎在一所学校教数学多年,她的学生非常喜欢她。根据句意及首字母提示补全单词,先要通读句子,理解大意,想出要填的词根,再联系第18页,共20页语境变换恰当的词形,方能正确解答。43 .【答案】bove【解析】根据句意”她的村庄在海平面 5200米,空气稀薄”,由首字母a可推出此处用介词above,表示”在以上二故答案为:aboveo她的村庄在海平面以上5200米,空气稀薄。根据句意及首字母提示补全单词,先要通读句子,理解大意,想出要填的词根,再联系 语境变换恰当的词形,方能正确解答。44 .【答案】umping【解析】根据句意”孩子们在操场上高兴地上跳下”,由首字母j可推出此处用动词jump,表示“跳二由空前的are推断本句为现在进行时,考虑此处填动词-ing形式。故答案为:jumpingo孩子们在操场上高兴地跳上跳下。根据句意及首字母提示补全单词,先要通读句子,理解大意,想出要填的词根,再联系 语境变换恰当的词形,方能正确解答。45 .【答案】eldom【解析】根据句意“汤姆大局部时间保持沉默,他和别人说话二由首字母s可推出此处用副词seldom,表示“很少”。故答案为:seldomo汤姆大局部时间保持沉默,他很少和别人说话。根据句意及首字母提示补全单词,先要通读句子,理解大意,想出要填的词根,再联系 语境变换恰当的词形,方能正确解答。46 .【答案】dea【解析】根据what we should do next,结合给出的首字母提示,因此可知这句话的意思 是,你有没有我们下一步要做什么的任何想法呢? ”又因为空格前面的词语是any,意为“ 任何”所以要用单数名词来填空.故答案为idea.你有没有我们下一步要做什么的任何想法呢?C. To share pictures of beautiful beaches.D. To make an effort to save the oceans.第2页,共20页首先要掌握这个句子的意思,然后结合具体的题目,就可以确定正确答案.47 .【答案】Dear John,It's good to hear from you.Everything is fine with me here.I think it is good to cook for your mother by yourself.高分句型一】(点题)Don't worry.I will teach you and help you cook.And I will stay after the party to help you clean up.Pll arrive in advance and bring some traditional Chinese foods,like dumplings and zongzi for you.I hope you would like them.【高分句型二】(建议)Besides,you can cook Beijing Duck.(做什么)You had better buy a cookbook so that you can learn how to cook.(如何做)I am really looking forward to it!(期待)Love,Li Ping【解析】【高分句型一】I think it is good to cook for your mother by yourself.我觉得自己给妈妈做饭挺好的。Ithink+宾语从句。【高分句型二】I hope you would like them.我希望你会喜欢。I hope+宾语从句。能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等, 清楚连贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务。第20页,共20页THE FICTIONAL INVENTIONS WE WOULD ALL LOVE TO HAVEReal inventions are great,but the real world has rules,like people can't fly and animals can't talk.In books and movies,there are no rules.That's why writers and movie directors can create inventions which are really fun!We look at our favorite fictional inventions,and how we would like to use them.Which one is your favorite ?TransporterThe Transporter in the Star Trek movies is a device (装置)that can break people down into tiny parts.lt then moves them to another place as energy,and puts them back together again a few seconds later.Useful? Well,getting to school on time would be much easier,and it would be a great way to escape when someone just keeps talking to you!DeLorean Time-Travel CarThis is the time-travel car that Dr.Emmett Brown develops in the movie Back to the Future.Marty McFly uses it to go back to 1955, where he meets his parents as teenagers.Useful? Sure!Great for finding out about life in the past,You could also travel into the future and look at the answers to exam questions,then come back and take the exams!Translation CollarWho said animals can't talk? The movie Up came up with a way for people and animals to talk to each other - a translation collar.When the animal wears the collar around its neckjt can communicate with humans.Useful? Maybe.But what if your dog tells you he would rather go and live with your friend,or your pet asks to go and swim in the river?Invisibility CloakThis features in the Harry Potter books - a magic cloak that makes you disappear completely when you put it on.Useful? Yes!Yo