20届 高考英语必刷卷（新课标卷）03（原卷版）.pdf

1 2020 年高考必刷卷（新课标卷）03 英语 （考试时间：90 分钟试卷满分：120 分） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）分） 第一节第一节 （共（共 15 小题小题；每小题每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Moringa Farm Internship Program DATE： 5 May30 November 2019 LOCATION: Jaipur India EVENT TYPE： Twining EVENT INDUSTRY/TOPIC: Clean Energy, Climate & Environment, Food &Agriculture and Quality/Process Managem Moringa (辣木), a kind of miracle tree, has come a long way today to become a symbol of the fight against growing nutrition deficiency (营养不足) across the globe. It is also a crop suited to the climatic conditions of the region, which is unusually rich in its nutrition content literally from top to bottom. Supporting learning： The Moringa Farm Internship Program is sort of like a live, interactive slideshow of agriculture making of Moringa from “Soil to Super food” that touches all the participants senses. The Programs Objectives： The Moringa Farm Internship Program is devoted to enriching the knowledge and lives of young people by providing them with a unique educational experience on an organic Moringa Farm in rural Jaipur, India. Program participants can learn about conservation, maintenance (维护), care, and management of Moringa Farming by means of hands-on work experience with local Moringa Farm staff. Participants will be able to interact with Moringa specialists and educators, on all issues that may affect their operations. Experts will let you know management strategies and equipment operation up close on hand to answer your specific questions. 2 The Moringa Farm Internship will provide an excellent opportunity to learn about sustainable tools, techniques, and approaches that can be used in Moringa Production and value-added production systems, righting (突出) pest and disease management, leaf/seed production, and tools and equipment for commercial production. If youre trying to learn about Moringa, theres nothing like going to a farm and getting your hands dirty. So click here to register now! 1. Why is Moringa specifically described in the text? A. To stress the importance of the crop. B. To encourage people to plant Moringa. C. To show the significance of the program. D. To draw attention to nutrition deficiency. 2. What can we know about the Moringa Farm Internship Program? A. It is intended for farmers.B. It lasts more than half a year. C. It provides vocational training.D. It is available on the Internet. 3. How do the programs participants learn about Moringa? A. By attending various courses about it. B. By involving themselves in farming it. C. By observing specialists and educators. D. By watching slideshows about the crop. 【语篇解读】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍辣木农场实习计划的主题、目的、实习内容等相关事项。 1.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段 Moringa (辣木), a kind of miracle tree.become a symbol of the fight against growing nutrition deficiency (营养不足) across the globe. It is also a crop suited to the climatic conditions of the region, which is unusually rich in its nutrition content literally from top to bottom. （辣木是一 种神奇的树，成为对抗全球营养缺乏的象征。它也是一种适合该地区气候条件的作物，其营养成分从 叶到根都非常丰富）可知，这部分对辣木的非凡作用进行了专门的介绍，而该计划又是针对辣木的。 由此可推断，此处介绍的目的是为了体现计划的意义和重要性，故选 C。 2.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句 So click here to register now!（点击这里注册吧！ ）可知， 在网上可以找到该计划，故选 D。 3.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据 Program participants can learn about conservation，maintenance (维护)，care， and management of Moringa Farming by means of hands-on work experience with local Moringa Farm staff. （参与者可以与当地辣木农场员工一起实际体验工作，了解辣木种植的养护、维护、护理和管理）可 知，参与人员通过亲自参加辣木种植来了解辣木，故选 B。 3 B Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday? Lindsey whispers to Tori. With her eyes shining, Tori brags, You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago. Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happened to be yours truly,Adam Freedman, I can tell you that what they are saying is（a）not nice and（b）not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori arent very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip （闲话）.I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group. An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about. Usually, gossip spreads information about a topicbreakups, trouble at home, even dropping outthat a person would rather keep secret. The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is, the juicier the gossip it makes. Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie. People often think of gossipers as harmless, but cruel lies can cause pain. If we know that gossip can be harmful, then why do so many of us do it? The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us. Sharing the latest rumor （传言） can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others dont. Similarly, hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the in group. In other words, gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority （优越 感）. Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention. The dos and donts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook. The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation. The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your juicy story might have. 4. The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to _. A. introduce a topicB. present an argument C. describe the charactersD. clarify his writing purpose 5.An important negative effect of gossip is that it _. A. breaks up relationshipsB. embarrasses the listener C. spreads information aroundD. causes unpleasant experiences 6. Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can _. 4 A. provide students with written rules B. help people watch their own behaviors C. force school to improve student handbooks D. attract the polices attention to group behaviors 7. What advice does the author give in the passage? A. Never become a gossiperB. Stay away from gossipers C. Dont let gossip turn into liesD. Think twice before you gossip 【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了说闲话的影响，分析了人们为什么喜欢传闲话。 4.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一和第二段“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday? Lindsey whispers to Tori. With her eyes shining, Tori brags, You bet I did, Sean told me two days ago.”可知， 这两 段叙述了两个人在说别人闲话的场景。根据第三段中的“Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about? It just happened to be yours truly,Adam Freedman, I can tell you that what they are saying is （a） not nice and （b） not even true. Still, Lindsey and Tori arent very different from most students here at Linton High School, including me. Many of our conversations are gossip （闲话）. ”可知，说闲话这种事几乎人人都 会做。根据“I have noticed three effects of gossip: it can hurt people, it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction, and it can cause social pressures in a group. ”可知，下文主要叙述“说闲话”的三个影响。由 此推知，文章开头引用两人的交谈是为了引出“说闲话”这个话题。故选 A。 5.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about”可知，说闲话的一个重要的负面影响是它会伤害被谈论的人。即：给被谈论的人带 来不愉快的体验。故选 D。 6.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Gossip also can have a third effect: it strengthens unwritten, unspoken rules about how people should act. Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group. Translated into high school terms, this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said, then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.”可知，闲话还有第三个作用：它强化 了关于人们应该如何行动的不成文的规定。大卫威尔逊教授解释说，流言蜚语对监督一个群体的行 为很重要。换句话说，这意味着：如果你周围的每个人都在嘲笑约翰穿的衣服或简说的话，那么， 穿着类似的衣服或说类似的话会让你得到同样的负面注意。由此推知，Professor David Wilson 认为闲 话可以帮助人们注意他们的行为。故选 B。 7.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to gossip and what effects your juicy story might have.”可知，下次你想要传播最新 5 消息的时候，想想你为什么要说闲话，你的“有趣的故事”可能会有什么影响。即：在你说闲话之前要 三思。故选 D。 C People like to post their selfies(自拍照) on social media. To know more about it, scientists at Syracuse University in New York recently did a research and came up with some surprising findings. People who post selfies and use editing software to make themselves look better show behavior connected to narcissism(自恋), the researchers said. Makana Chock, a professor from Syracuse University, said because social media is mostly used by people to share unimportant information about their lives, it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.” Those “likes” under their Facebook selfies make them feel good. Besides, people who post group selfies show a need for popularity and a need to belong to a group, the research found. Some people feel “peer(同伴) pressure” to post selfies and some follow the popular belief that if there is no picture of an event or experience, it did not really happen. “Anyway, it shouldnt be seen as negative. People get sense of satisfaction especially when they get likes.And it does no harm,” Chock said. Other findings from the study include: There are no major differences on how often men and women post selfies and how often they use editing software. But men who post selfies showed more of a need to be seen as popular than women who posted selfies. Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years. On trips and special events, our parents and grandparents used cameras instead of phones to take photos. They would bring back photos to show friends and family. You had no choice but to look at them. You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. That was the old way of “clicking like”. On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos - even if they click “like”. 8. What is the research mainly about? A. The ways of making people look better in selfies. B. The reasons for people posting selfies on social media. C. The differences between men and women in posting selfies. D. The connections between posting selfies and mental health. 9. What does the word “vanity” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Adeep desire to know about something.B.A special need to be more popular. C. Too much pride in ones own appearance.D. Strong determination to improve oneself. 10. What is Chocks attitude towards selfie posting? 6 A.Ambiguous.B. Cautious.C. Disapproving.D. Supportive. 11. From the last paragraph, we know that the older generations showed their photos to friends and family _. A. to win praise from viewersB. to show off their cameras C. to improve relationshipsD. to share good moments 【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了人们喜欢在社交媒体上发布自己的自拍。为了 了解更多，纽约 Syracuse University 大学的科学家们最近做了一项研究，并得出了一些令人惊讶的发现。 8.B 【解析】 推理判断题。 答案定位在最后一段 You probably commented about how nice everyone in the photos looked, especially children and the person showing the photos. They were happy to hear your comments. That was the old way of “clicking like”. On social media, however, people can decide not to look at photos - even if they click “like”. 这说明老一辈人展示他们的照片是希望得到赞许，由此推断出这次研究主要是关于 人们在社交媒体上发布自拍的原因，故选 B。 9. C【解析】词义猜测题。下文 Those “likes” under their Facebook selfies make them feel good.意思是脸书自拍 下面的“赞”让他们感觉很好。由此可知，上文 it is a good place for people to “work towards satisfying their own vanity.”意思是这是一个让人们“努力满足自己虚荣心”的好地方。“vanity”意思是虚荣心，故 选 C。 10.D【解析】 推理判断题。 答案定位在最后一段 Chock said posting selfies on social media is not all that different from what people have done for many years.（Chock 说，在社交媒体上发布自拍照与人们多年来的做法 并没有太大不同。 ）由此推断出，Chock 对发布自拍照持支持态度。A.Ambiguous. 模糊不清的；B. Cautious. 谨慎的；C. Disapproving. 反对的；D. Supportive.支持的，故选 D。 11.A 【解析】细节理解题。答案定位在最后一段 They were happy to hear your comments.（他们很高兴听到 你的评论。 ）由此可知从最后一段，我们知道老一辈人把他们的照片展示给朋友和家人，以赢得观众 的赞扬，故选 A。 D It used to be mostly the army that used small, unpiloted aircraft, called “drones”. The little planes were very costly. But as they have dropped in price more people have begun to use them. The fast rate of development of computer technology, image sensing equipment, satellite navigation and smart phones has led to lower-priced drones. Researchers and developers have learned how to build smaller and less costly drones. Nowadays, moviemakers are using drones to film from the sky. Historians use them when they explore ancient buildings. Rescue workers use them to look for people. And now farmers are also using them to watch over their crops. Romain Faroux is a French businessman, whose father was a farmer. He believed drones could help farmers. 7 He has helped create a company which has developed a small drone that could be controlled by people on the ground. Its called “Agridrone”. It uses a special sensor to examine crops. The technology used on the drone is similar to that used on a smartphone - except it has wings. A computer program directs the drone to fly over the crops. The sensor on the drone records four different-colored “bands” of sunlight that are reflected off the crops. Jean-Baptiste Bruggeman is another farmer in France who is using a drone. He says the drone flies over his crops at different times of the season and provides a lot of information about his crops. The pictures taken by the drone show him the exact amount of fertilizer the crops need. It also shows exactly where the fertilizer is needed. Romain Faroux says farmers use information provided by the Agridrone to place fertilizer only in areas where it is needed. This saves money and reduces pollution. Before they used the drones, farmers would put the same amount of fertilizer everywhere. Drones also save time because farmers can examine up to three hectares (英亩) in about a minute. 12. Why do rescue workers and farmers begin to use drones? A. Because they are affordable now. B. Because their sizes have become smaller. C. Because they can save people a lot of time. D. Because the technology has been developed. 13. What is the sensor on the drone mainly used for? A. Helping the sunlight shine on the crops. B. Directing the wings to fly over the crops. C. Examining the different colors of the crops. D. Recording the sunlight “bands” reflected off the crops. 14. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 probably refer to? A.Asmartphone.B.A sensor. C.Adrone.D.Aband. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Crops will be harvested by drones soon. B. Drones will be widely used in d