2018高考阅读理解障碍高频词汇(15页).doc

-2018高考阅读理解障碍高频词汇-第 15 页阅读理解高频障碍词汇第1组1. abnormally adv.不正常地2. absolute adj.完全的，全部的；绝对的；十足的，地道的3. abundant adj.大量的，丰盛的，充裕的4. accomplish v. 完成(任务)，达到(目的)，实现(计划、诺言等)5. accumulate v. 积累，积聚，增加6. accuracy n. 准确(性)，精确(程度)7. accuse v. 控告；指责，指控8. acknowledge v. 承认(权威或主张)，告知(信件、礼物等)已收到9. acquire v. 获得，得到，学到10. adapt v. 使适应，使适合；改编11. adequate adj.充分的，足够的；合格的；合乎需要的12. adjustment n. 调整，适应，调节；修正13. admission n. 准入；接纳；入场费；承认14. adolescent n. 青少年adj.青春期的，青春的，青少年的15. adopt v. 收养，领养；采用，采取16. adore v. (不用于进行时)热爱，敬慕，崇拜，钟爱，喜爱17. adventure n. 冒险；奇遇18. advocate v. 拥护，支持；提倡；鼓吹n. 鼓吹者，提倡者，拥护者，辩护人，律师19. affection n. 喜爱，钟爱，挚爱20. agency n. 代理机构，经销处，代理处，机构，(尤指政府内的)局，部，处21. alcoholic adj.含酒精的n. 酒鬼，酗酒者22. allergic adj.过敏的；厌恶的；过敏引起的23. allocate v. 拨给，划归，分配24. alternative adj.可供替代的，两者择一的，供选择的；另类的，非传统的n. 可供选择的事物25. ambition n. 目标，野心，雄心，抱负，追求，夙愿26. ambulance n. 救护车27. amount n. 金额，数量v. 总计【高考链接】1. (2017·江苏高考)Around the world, people are adapting in surprising ways, especially in some poor countries, Fllods have become more damaging in Bangladesh in recent decades.These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the 2.(2017·新课标卷III)absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly.3. (2017·北京高考) If we use, to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose put into the machine is the purpose which we really desire.x+-k.w4. (2016·浙江高考)Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.5. (2015·广东高考)In recent years，however，young upper middle­class people in London，have begun to adopt some regional accents，in order to hide their class origins.6. (2015·江苏高考)One of the most important factors that influenced their satisfaction as volunteers was the amount of suffering they experienced in their volunteer positions.第2组1. ample adj.足够的；丰裕的，富裕的；宽敞的，面积大的2. analyze v. 分析3. analysis n. 分析；分解4. ancient adj.古代的，古老的5. anecdote n. 逸事，趣闻6. anniversary n. 周年纪念日7. annoy vt.(使)烦恼8. annual adj.每年的，年度的，一年一次的9. apparent adj.显而易见的，表面上的，貌似的，明白的10. appeal v. 呼吁；恳求；上诉，申诉；有吸引力n. 吸引力；上诉，申诉；呼吁11. applaud v. & n. 鼓掌，赞许，赞赏，欢呼，向鼓掌，向喝彩，称赞，赞许12. applicant n. 申请人13. application n. 申请，应用14. approve v. 赞成，同意，批准，通过15. approximately adv.近似地，大约16. argue vi.争辩，争论vt.主张，认为17. argument n. 争论，辩论18. arise vi.起来，升起；出现，呈现，(由而)引起，(由)产生 19. arrange v. 安排，布置20. arrangement n. 安排，布置，筹划21. aspect n. 方面，外观，外表22. assess v. 评价，评定(性质，质量)23. assessment n. 看法，评价24. assistance n. 帮助，援助，支持25. associate v. 联想，联系；结交，交往；使联合，使有联系，把和联系在一起n. 合伙人，伙伴，同事adj.非正式的；副的；联合的26. association n. 协会，社团；联系27. assume v. 假定，假设；承担；呈现28. assumption n. 假定，假设；担任29. atmosphere n. 大气；气氛，环境30. attempt vt.试图，尝试n. 尝试，努力【高考链接】1.（2017·新课标卷III）It marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.2. （2017·北京卷）A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence.3. （2017·新课标卷I）Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Wallers music for a dance party 4. (2016·北京高考)The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.5. (2016·全国卷)She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me，re­routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.6. (2016·全国卷)Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable；therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation.7. (2015·浙江高考)You can use your active reading skills to analyze and understand graphs just like any other text.第3组1. attraction n. 吸引，爱慕，吸引力；具有吸引力的人或物2. available adj.可获得的；可得到的；有空的；可用的3. background n. 背景4. backward(s) adv.向后5. ban n. 禁令，禁止v. 禁止；取缔6. bare adj.裸露的，光秃秃的，无遮蔽的，无掩护的，勉强的v. 露出，暴露7. bargain n. (经讨价还价后)成交的商品；廉价货v. 讨价还价8. bathe vi.洗澡；游泳n. 游泳 学+*科-网9. behalf n. 利益；方面；代表，维护10. behave v. 守规矩，行为，表现；做出反应，发生作用；举止规矩有礼，检点11. beneath prep.在下方(面)，(指地位等)低于，次于12. bid v. & n. 出价，喊价；命令，吩咐；投标；向(某人)道别n. 喊价，出价；努力争取13. biography n. 传记14. bless vt.祝福；保佑；赞美15. block n. 大块；(木、石等)块；街区；路障vt.阻塞；阻挡16. board n. 木板；布告牌；委员会；(政府的)部v. 上(船、火车、飞机等)17. bonus n. 奖金；红利；额外津贴18. boom n. & v. 繁荣；轰鸣；激增n. 隆隆声；(营业等的)激增；(经济等的)繁荣19. botanical adj.植物学的20. botany n. 植物；植物学21. bounce v. 使弹起，蹦，上下晃动n. 弹跳，跳动22. brake n. 闸vi.刹车23. branch n. 树枝；分枝；分公司，分店；分支部，分支机构，分局24. brand n. 品牌，商标vt.打烙印于，加污名于25. break v. 打破(断，碎)；损坏，弄坏；打断；中断；摧毁；削弱；使破裂n. 休息；中断；间隔26. breakthrough n. 重大进展，突破27. breathe vi.呼吸【高考链接】1.（2017·天津卷）The landscape, beautiful on its own, somehow coms to life and breathes because this woman is engaging with it.2.（2017·天津卷）Unlike the Forced Wait, which is also voluntary, waiting for your lucky break does not necessarily mean that it will happen. 3.（2017·新课标卷I）The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable.4. （2017·新课标卷I）Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.5. (2016·全国卷)A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 5564183.2. (2016·上海高考)I was now fascinated by the idea of poetry，words that had the power to make or break a persons world.6. (2015·全国卷)Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.7. (2014·重庆高考)We should not mistakenly believe that we always behave as a result of some inner disposition.第4 组1. brief adj.简洁的，简短的2. broad adj.宽广的3. broadcast vt.广播4. brochure n. 资料(或广告)手册5. budget n. 预算，预算费v. 做预算adj.廉价的6. buffet n. 自助餐vt.连续猛击7. burst v. 使爆裂，使破裂；突然发生n. (感情等的)爆发，破裂，爆炸8. bury vt.埋，葬；覆盖9. button n. 纽扣；(电铃等的)按钮v. 扣(纽扣)，用纽扣挂住10. campaign n. 运动，战役；参加；发起运动11. cancel vt.取消，撤销12. candidate n. 候选人，申请人；应试者；被认定适合者13. cartoon n. 动画片，卡通14. casual adj.偶然的，碰巧的；非正式的；临时的；不定期的15. cautious adj.小心的，谨慎的16. ceremony n. 典礼，仪式；礼节17. certificate n. 证明，证明书；文凭18. character n. 特征，特性；性格；角色；人物；(汉)字，字体；品格19. classify v. 把分类，把归类 学-+科/网20. campaign n. 运动；活动；战役 v. 参加运动；参加竞选21. complex adj.难以理解的，复杂的n. 建筑群；复合体22. compulsory adj.强制的，必须做的，义务的23. confirm v. 确认，确定；证实，证明；批准24. consult v. 请教；查阅；商议；咨询25. convey v. 运输；传送；表达；传递(思想、感情等)26. convince v. 使确信，使信服，劝服，说服27. declare vt.宣言，声称，声明；断言28. decline v. 减少，下降，衰退；谢绝，婉拒29. decorate vt.装饰，修饰30. deliver vt.投递，传送(信件，邮包等)；发表，宣布，交付【高考链接】1.(2017·新课标卷II)We shared the brief that if youre fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back he with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. 1. (2016·浙江高考)Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task，but she made it look effortless.2. (2016·天津高考)I tried to convince myself that the trouble was with the problem itself，not with me.3. (2014·江西高考)The click of a button allows people miles apart to talk or see each other without even leaving their homes.4. (2014·新课标全国卷)Turin has started a campaign to make such documents，found in libraries and stores around the world，available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected.5. (2014·四川高考)Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can be classified as “night owls” and only 10 percent can be classified as “early birds”the other 70 percent are in the middle.Group 51. editor n. 编辑2. electric adj.电的；电动的3. emergency n. 紧急情况；突发事件4. especially adv.特别，尤其5. example n. 例子；榜样6. exchange n. 交换，调换；交流7. expand v. 扩大，增加，扩展8. explicit adj.明确的；清楚的；详述的；坦率的9. explore v. 探险，勘察，考察；探索，探究10. explorer n. 探险者11. export n. & v. 出口，输出12. expose vt.揭露；露出，显露；使面临13. express vt.表达；表示；表露n. 特快列车，特快专递14. extension n. 扩大；延伸；扩建；电话分机，分机号码15. extraordinary adj.非凡的，异乎寻常的16. fantastic adj.(口语)极好的，美妙的，很棒的17. fare n. (车或船的)费用，票(价)18. fault n. 缺点，毛病；错误19. feast n. 盛宴，宴会，(宗教的)节日20. federal adj.联邦制的，联邦政府的21. female adj.女的；女性的；雌性的n. 女人；雌性动物22. fight n. 打仗(架)，战斗v. 与打架，与作斗争23. finance n. 资金；财政；财务；金融vt.为筹集资金 24. fit adj.健康的；适合的；恰当的v. (使)适合，合身；装进，可容纳25. fix vt.使固定；修理；安装；确定，决定；安排26. flash n. 闪光；闪耀；(想法的)突现v. 使闪光；使闪现27. flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的；灵活的，可变动的28. fluent adj.流利的，流畅的29. foggy adj.多雾的30. follow vt.跟随；接着，沿着，顺着；听懂，理解；遵循；仿效；跟得上【高考链接】1.（2017·浙江卷）Italians always “see me as a foreigner,” an outsider, even though shes stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently, she said.2.（2017·天津卷）There is absolutely nothing you can do while this is going on but keep both eyes fixed on the sink until its full. 3.（2017·新课卷II）The plants get ready to fight back.4.(2017·浙江卷）Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant(移民) population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship.5.(2017·江苏卷)This example should act as an inspiration for all cities. 6. (2016·江苏高考)Such systems do not need to operate face­to­face，and its clear to me that the Internet is expanding the range of my own social prosthetic systems.x-k+/w7. (2016·浙江高考)This book explores the musical interest and needs of children in their daily lives.8. (2016·江苏高考)She intends to fight to make it a womans as well as a mans world.9. (2015·四川高考)And every week he cleaned Old Man McColgins chicken house in exchange for manure(肥料). 10. (2015·北京高考)Furthermore, studies show that finances are the most frequent subject of communication between parents and their college children.第 6组1. forecast n. & vt.预告2. fun n. 乐趣；乐事；玩笑3. furniture n. (总称)家具4. glance vi.匆匆一看；一瞥；扫视5. glare v. 怒目而视n. 瞪眼；刺眼的强光6. globe n. 地球仪；地球；球体7. glory n. 光荣；荣誉；赞颂8. graduate v. 毕业n. 毕业生，研究生9. grasp v. 抓住；紧握；理解，领会10. grocer n. 零售商人；杂货店11. guarantee n. 保证；保证书；担保v. 保证；担保12. guidance n. 引导，指导13. handle n. 柄，把柄v. 处理；应付；拿，触14. hardship n. 困难15. headline n. (报刊的)大字标题16. hobby n. 业余爱好，嗜好17. holy adj.神圣的18. identity n. 同一性；一致；身份19. idiom n. 习语，成语20. ignore v. 忽视，不理21. illegal adj.不合法的，非法的22. immigration n. 移民23. incident n. 事件；冲突24. income n. 收入；收益；所得25. independent adj.独立的，自主的；有主见的26. indicate v. 表明，显示；象征；暗示；指示；指出27. information n. 信息28. insert vt.插入n. (书报或杂志的)插页29. inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅30. instant adj.立即的，立刻的；速食的，即食的【高考链接】1.（2017·新课标卷I）Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other but always with an underlying affection.2. （2017·新课标卷II）In the coming months, we are bringing together artists form all over the globe, to enjoy speaking shakespeares plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture shakespeare wrote for. please come and join us.3. (2017·天津卷）Keep the tone measured: dont handle it too lightly, as people can be offered, especially if your error suggests a misunderstanding of their culture(I.e. incorrect ordering of Chinese names).4. (2016·天津高考)My daughter is a university graduate working toward her masters degree in English.5. (2016·天津高考)Our Standard Course guarantees a significant increase in your confidence in a foreign language，with focused teaching in all 4 skill areasspeaking，listening，reading and writing.6. (2016·北京高考)For previous generations，college was a decisive break from parental control；guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within.7. (2016·天津高考)The solution is obvious though perhaps not easy to apply：always handle the most difficult job first.8. (2016·北京高考)The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy(自主性) and the development of adult identity.9. (2016·四川高考)Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content，which helps people to relax.10. (2013·山东高考)But designer Mikhail Belyaev doesnt think that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet.第 7组1. institute n. (研究)所，院，学院2. insure vt.确保；给保险3. intelligence n. 智力；情报4. interrupt v. 打扰，打断5. journalist n. 记者，新闻工作者6. justice n. 正义；公正；司法7. magic adj.有魔力的n. 魔法；魔力；魅力8. mature adj.成熟的，成年人的；深思熟虑的，慎重的9. measure v. 测量，衡量，量度为n. 量度尺寸；措施10. merchant adj.商业的；商人的n. 商人；生意人11. minister n. 部长；牧师12. mineral n. 矿物质，矿物13. motivation n. 动机；动力；积极性14. nutrition n. 营养15. occupation n. 职业，工作；消遣；占用16. particular adj.特殊的，个别的17. pedestrian n. 步行者，行人18. permanent adj.永久的，永恒的19. plain adj.清楚的，明显的；普通的；朴素的；坦诚的n. 平原，旷野20. policy n. 政策，方针 21. precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的22. previous adj.先前的，以往的23. primary adj.首要的；初级的24. process n. 过程，程序；步骤；方法；工艺流程，工序v. 处理，加工 学+*科-*网25. profession n. 职业，专业26. profit n. 利润，收益，益处27. pronunciation n. 发音28. punctual adj.准时的29. purchase v. &n.买，购买，采购30. random adj.随意的，任意的，未经事先考虑的【高考链接】1.（2017·北京卷）The real problem relates to the possibility that artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something other than what we really want.2.（2017·新课标卷II）This production of Shakespeares The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.3. (2016·江苏高考)A third reason is that social intelligence develops in children before their general cognitive(认知的) skills，at least when compared with chimps.4. (2016·全国卷)Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patients silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily.5. (2016·浙江高考)Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge，it falls to the groundand，in the process，it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact(相互作用). 6. (2015·全国卷)Students who take a gap year are often more mature and responsible.7. (2014·辽宁高考)Travis is the manager of G&G where he is responsible for forty employees(雇员) and profits(利润) of over 2 million per year.8. (2013·北京高考)Sometimes a few celebrities can get a little justice.Still，even stars who enjoy full justice often complain about how hard their lives are.They are tired of being famous already.第 8组1. range n. 范围；一系列；射程；山脉v. 变化；变动；排列，排序；徘徊；漫步2. react v. 起反应，有影响；反抗3. reception n. 接待，招待会4. reform v. & n. 改革，改进5. refresh v. 更新；使恢复精力；提醒；使想起6. register n. 登记簿v. 登记7. relate vi.有关；涉及8. represent vt.代表9. reputation n. 名声，名誉10. resist v. 抵抗；抵挡11. standard n. & adj.标准(的)12. strike v. 敲，打，撞，击；打动，感动；擦火柴；侵袭n. 罢工13. studio n. 工作室，演播室14. survive v. 幸存，存活，幸免于，比活得长15. target n. 目标，对象，靶子v. 把作为攻击目标，把对准16. tradition n. 传统，风俗，惯例17. trick n. 诡计，骗局，恶作剧；戏法；诀窍vt.欺骗，欺诈18. typical adj.典型的，有代表性的19. understanding n. 领会；理解；谅解20. urge v. 敦促，催促，力劝；强烈主张；鼓励