一般将来时和过去将来时的用法(3页).doc

-一般将来时和过去将来时的用法-第 3 页一般将来时和过去将来时的用法一、 一般将来时表示在现在看来即将要发生的动作或存在的状态。1、 “will/shall+动词原形”表示客观上势必将发生的事情或临时做出的打算。Shall用于第一人称，will用于第二人称。Later I shall tell you about some of the work I have done.Next month we will have our school open day.记一记：常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：next time，tomorrow，before long，in the future,later on,the day after tomorrow等。2、 be going to+动词原形，表示将来。表示主观计划、打算做某事或根据某种迹象表明某事即将要发生。(1)表示主语的意图，即将做某事。What are you going to do tomorrow?(2) 表示按计划、安排要发生的事。The play is going to be produced next month.这部戏下月开播。(3) 表示根据某种迹象表明要发生的事。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.3、 be to do 表示按计划、约定或按职责、义务必须去做的事情或即将发生的动作。We are to discuss the report next Saturday.注意：be to do 和be going to的区别：be to do表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。I am to play football tomorrow. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排）I am going to play football tomorrow. 明天下午我想去体足球。（主观打算）4、 be about to do 表示不久或即将要发生的动作，一般不与时间状语连用。The plane is about to take off.Be quite,please. The game is about to start.注意：be about to do不能与tomorrow，next week等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。5、一般现在时表将来（1） 表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。When does the bus start?It starts in ten minutes.（2） 在时间或条件状语从句中表示将来。When Bill comes, ask him to wait for me.If you come early, clean the room, please.6、现在进行时表示将来，表示计划好或准备要做的事。come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等瞬间动词的现在进行时可表示将来。I am leaving tomorrow.Are you staying here till next week?二、 过去将来时1、 由“would+动词原形”构成，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句中。She said she would be there at 7:00, and he thought she would keep her word.They always told us that one day we would move into a house, a real house that be ours so we wouldnt have to move each year.2、 过去将来时还可用was/were going to, was/were to do, was/were about to do 及过去进行时等方式表示。He and a colleague were to spend two years there teaching English at a teacher training college.We didnt know if she was going to be here tonight.I was just about to go to bed when he came to see me.注意：过去将来时必须有表示“过去” 的参考物，这个参照物是一个发生在过去的动作，而不是时间。常用于主句是一般过去时的宾语从句中。