2021-2022学年广东省揭阳市普宁市华侨高级中学高二（下）第一次段考英语试卷（附答案详解）.docx

2021-2022学年广东省揭阳市普宁市华侨高级中学高二（下）第一次段考英语试卷一、单项选择题(本大题共15小题，共30.0分)-Do you enjoy the dinner?-Yes.The whole meal was good and the wine was excellent.()A. in commonB. in totalC. in particular D. in general1. Shortly after graduating from university,Simon acquired a as an excellentconsultant.()A. reputationB. influenceC. impressionD. knowledge2. Individual contribution to this project is important to environmental.()A. challengeB. satisfactionC. conservationD. measure3. If negative thoughts our mind,we will feel depressed and can't enjoy life.( )A. dominateB. discriminate C. declineD. cast4. The police chief stood trial (审半U)in New York on Tuesday,charged with ofpower.()A. abuseB. absenceC. agendaD. advantage5. the public request,the government took some measures to reduce air pollution.()A. In addition toB. In response toC. In honor ofD. In charge ofIt is very kind you help me with the homework.()A. of； forB. of； toC. for； toD. for； forInitially,! didn't think he was a reliable person. How ever,events proved that I was wrong.()A. toleratedB. temporary C. elegantD. subsequentIn the meeting yesterday,Mr.Smith submitted the application for higher pay all theworkers.()A. in absence ofA. in absence ofB. in favour ofC. on behalf ofD. in search ofA. properB. significant C. criticalD. tough五、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)American figure skater (花样滑冰运发动)Nathan Chen won the men's singles gold medal with 332.60 total (1) (point) at the Beijing Winter Olympics on Thursday. He ranked first in both the short program (2)free skating. Japan*s Yuma Kagiyama took the silver with a total of 310.05. (3) other Japanese,Shoma Uno,got the bronze with 293.00.Two-time Olympic champion Yuzuru Hanyu,also from Japan,came fourth on 283.21.The H4 An (4) (consider) to be the (5) (hard) jump in figure skating.Hanyu Yuzuru*s historic attempt (6) (land) the "4 A" didn't succeed,but it was the closest he had come to completing it (7) (success) .Hanyu started skating at the age of four.He made (8) (he) first international performance in 2008 and finished fifth.He became the first Asian to win men's singles Olympic gold at the 2014 Sochi Games and kept his title four years later in Pyeongchang.Hanyu's bravery earned the respect of the younger competitors.China's Jin Boyang also expressed (9 ) (admire) .He set a personal season-high of 179.45 points in free skating and ranked (10) (nine) , with 270.43 total points,on Thursday.六、书面表达(本大题共2小题，共40.0分)假定你是李华，你的学校将举行诗歌朗诵(poetry recitation)大赛，请以学生会的 名义给国际部的学生发一那么通知，欢迎感兴趣的同学参加观看，内容如下： 要点：(1)活动时间地点。(2)活动内容。(3)出席活动考前须知。注意：(1)写作词数应为80词左右。(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。相关词汇：诗歌(poem)AnnouncementLadies and gentlemen,第10页，共26页Attention, pleas e, Students1 Union 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One morning,Joey sat at the kitchen table and read the sports page of the paper.He heard his grandfather coming down the stairs. When his grandfather came into the kitchen joey could see he wasn't his usual happy self.''Morning,Grandfather,n he smiled.His grandfather sat across the table,looking sad.He didn'tpick up the paper to read.Instead,he asked, nJoey,is anything happening in town today ?"“There's a ball game between Sequoyah Middle School and my school tonight. Would you liketo go? ” Joey told him.Joey felt bad for his grandfather.He knew he couldn't read.His grandfather had told him often, nIdidn't have the chance to go to school regularly.Looking after the animals and tending to thecrops on the farm were much more important in those days than learning to read.HOne day Grandfather asked Joey,nJoey,would you go with me to the grocery store （食品杂货店）？ I need several things.'* In the store,Joey's grandfather walked up and down the aisles （过道），looking at all the pictures on thecans.He saw a can without a picture on it. "What's in thatcan? n he asked. Joey,reading the label,said "Its a can of chicken soup.*' His grandfatherwalked to the meat counter but he couldn't read the prices or the labels.Finally,Grandfathergave Joey the grocery list and stepped out of the store. "I will meet you at the car/' he said. Joeywatched him go through the door,and he thought, HI wish I could help him out but I don't knowwhere to begin and how to start.nThe next day was Sunday.Joey went to the library to look through some books when he saw a sign on the library wall.It read,"Do you know somebody whocan't read? We can help.Just call this number.H Joey wrote the number down,and hurried home. nSomebody can teach you how to readjust call this number/* Joey explained excitedly to his grandfather.注意：1 .所续写短文的词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Paragraph 1 ：Several days later,Grandfather put on his best suit for his first day of school.Paragraph 2：Months later,Grandfather said to Joey, nI just got a letter from Aunt Helen and let me read it toyou.”答案和解析1 .【答案】c【解析】A in common 共同的;B. in total 总共；C.in particular 尤其；D. in general 大体上。 根据句意”一你喜欢这顿晚餐吗？一喜欢。整顿饭都很好，尤其是酒。”空处意思应该是 “尤其“，C项正确。应选：Co你喜欢这顿晚餐吗？一喜欢。整顿饭都很好，尤其是酒。考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些 介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。2 .【答案】A【解析】Areputation名声，名气；B.influence影响力；影响；C.impression印象；感觉； .knowledge学问；了解。根据句意”大学毕业后不久，西蒙就获得了优秀顾问的声誉。 ”空处意思应该是"名声，名气”，A项正确。应选：Ao大学毕业后不久，西蒙就获得了优秀顾问的声誉。考查名词的词义辨析，弄清楚各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择 最符合题意的选项。3 .【答案】C【解析】A.challenge 挑战；B.satisfaction 满意；C.conservation 保护；D.measure 措施。 根据句意”个人对这项工程的贡献对环境保护很重要。”空处意思应该是“保护”，C项正 确。应选：Co个人对这项工程的贡献对环境保护很重要。考查名词的词义辨析，弄清楚各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择 最符合题意的选项。4 .【答案】A第12页，共26页【解析】A. dominate支配；B. discrimin ate区分;C.decline下降;D.cast掷；抛。根据句 意”如果消极的想法占据我们的思想，我们会感到沮丧，不能享受生活。”空处意思应该 是“支配”，A项正确。应选：Ao如果消极的想法占据我们的思想，我们会感到沮丧，不能享受生活。考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最 符合题意的选项。5 .【答案】A【解析】Aabuse滥用;B. absence缺席;C.agenda议事日程;D. ad vantage优势，优点。 根据句意”周二，警察局长在纽约受审，被指控滥用职权。”空处意思应该是“滥用“，abuse of power表示“滥用职权”，A项正确。应选：Ao周二，警察局长在纽约受审，被指控滥用职权。考查名词的词义辨析，弄清楚各个名词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择 最符合题意的选项。6 .【答案】B【解析】A.In addition to 除 之外（还）；B.In response to 回答；响应；C.In honor of 为纪念；D.In charge of负责；主管。根据句意”应公众的要求，政府采取了一些措施来 减少空气污染。”空处意思应该是”回答；响应”，B项正确。应选：Bo应公众的要求，政府采取了一些措施来减少空气污染。考查介词，弄清楚各个介词的含义并区别各个介词之间的差异，了解某些介词的特殊用 法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。7 .【答案】B【解析】第一空：Itis+adj. + forsb.todosth.句型常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观 形式的形容词，如 easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible It is +adj.+ of sb. + to do sth. 句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right等；此处是后者；第二空：it是形式主语，真正的主语 是动词不定式短语to help me with the homeworko B项正确。应选：Bo你帮我做作业真是太好了。考查介词，弄清楚各个介词的含义并区别各个介词之间的差异，了解某些介词的特殊用 法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。8 .【答案】D【解析】A.tolerated容许；B.temporary暂时的;临时的;C.elegant优雅的；雅致的;.subsequent随后的；后来的。根据句意”起初，我认为他不是一个可靠的人。然而，随 后的事件证明我错了。”空处意思应该是”随后的；后来的”，D项正确。应选：Do起初，我认为他不是一个可靠的人。然而，随后的事件证明我错了。考查形容词词义辨析，弄清楚各个形容词的含义并区别各个形容词之间的差异，了解某 些形容词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。9 .【答案】C【解析】A.in absence of 缺乏；B.in favour of 赞成；C.on behalf of 代表；D.in searchof寻找。根据句意”在昨天的会议上，史密斯先生代表全体工人提交了加薪申请。”空处 意思应该是“代表”，C项正确。应选：Co在昨天的会议上，史密斯先生代表全体工人提交了加薪申请。考查介词短语，弄清楚各个介词短语的含义并区别各个介词短语之间的差异，了解某些 介词短语的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。10 .【答案】A【解析】句意：-你是一个很棒的游泳者。一谢谢。因为我最近这些天一直在练习。根 据句意及时间状语these days可知，此处应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去一直持续到 现在，并可能一直持续下去。应选：Ao-你是一个很棒的游泳者。一谢谢。因为我最近这些天一直在练习。英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。主动语态是无标记的，而被 动语态那么是有标记的。被动语态由"助动词be+过去分词”构成.助动词be随着主语的人第14页，共26页称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。11 .【答案】A【解析】A.shaved刮；剃；B.released释放;C.gained获得；D.identified识别。根据句意 ”杰克，如果把你的胡子剃掉，你会看起来更帅。现在就去做。”空处意思应该是“刮； 剃”，A项正确。应选：Ao杰克，如果把你的胡子剃掉，你会看起来更帅。现在就去做。考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最 符合题意的选项。12 .【答案】B【解析】Amoved使移动;B.resolved决定,决心；C.seized抓住;D.disturbed扰乱。根 据句意”为了不让父母失望，我已经下定决心要更加努力学习。”空处意思应该是“决定， 决心。B项正确。应选：Bo为了不让父母失望，我已经下定决心要更加努力学习。考查动词词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然后选择最 符合题意的选项。13 .【答案】A【解析】be composed of =be made up of"由组成”，是固定搭配。A项正确。B.dozens of 几十；C.gets involved in 涉及，卷入；D.is assigned to 归属于。应选：Ao这出新戏由四个局部组成，每个局部都很吸引人。考查动词短语词义辨析。弄清楚各个动词短语的词义，准确地翻译句子及备选答案，然 后选择最符合题意的选项。14 .【答案】D【解析】句意：杰克对我说：“你今天看起来很焦虑。杰克告诉我，今天我看起来很焦 虑。根据told以及宾语从句主从句时态一致原那么可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词应 变过去式。直接引语变间接引语时，today应变成that day,me改成I。应选：Do杰克对我说：”你今天看起来很焦虑。杰克告诉我，今天我看起来很焦虑。 直接引述别人原话，叫直接引语。用自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语。15 .【答案】C【解析】A.joint联合的；共同的；B.rea析tic现实的;C.stressed out紧张的;有压力的; D.harmonious和谐的。根据句意”李先生过去感到压力大的口寸候就抽烟。后来，他意识 到这是一个坏习惯。”空处意思应该是”紧张的；有压力的”，C项正确。应选：Co李先生过去感到压力大的时候就抽烟。后来，他意识到这是一个坏习惯。考查形容词词义辨析，弄清楚各个形容词的含义并区别各个形容词之间的差异，了解某 些形容词的特殊用法，然后结合语境选择正确答案。16-18.【答案】C、B、B【解析】（1） C.细节理解题。根据第二段 Best-selling author RachelHore*s previous novels include The Glass Painter's Daughter,which was shortlisted （入 围）for the 2010 Romantic Novel of the Year award,and A Gathering Storm,which was shortlisted for the 2012 Historical Novel of the Year award.（畅销作家Rachel Hore之前的小说包括入围2010年度浪漫小说 奖的 The Glass Painter1 s Daughter,以及入围 2012 年度历史小说奖的 A Gathering Stormo） 可知，A Gathering Storm入围了 2012年度历史小说的提名。应选C。（2） B.细节理解题。根据 Orlando 局部 Reading Orlando for the first time in my late teens gave me a wonderful sense of freedom and the possibilities that a life full of books can offer.（十几岁时第一次读到奥兰多，让我感受到了自由的美好，也感受到了充满书香的 生活所能带来的可能性。）可知，Rachel Hore在十几岁的时候读过Orlando这本书。故 选Bo（3） B.推理判断题。根据 Flight Behaviour 局部 I've read many of Barbara Kingsolver's novels,including her well-known The Poisonwood Bible,admiring how easily she writes about the power and beauty of the natural world,of which humanity is a dependent part.（我读过 Barbara Kingsolver的很多小说，包括她著名的毒木圣经，很欣赏她如此轻松地描写 了自然世界的力量和美丽，而人性是其中不可或缺的一局部。）可知，Rachel Hore因 为Barbara Kingsolver描写自然世界的力量和美丽的方式而崇拜她。应选B。本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了对畅销书作家Rachel Hore的生活产生影响的第16页，共26页 三本书，介绍了作者以及Rachel Hore的阅读体会。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。1922,【答案】A、D、B、D【解析】(1) A.细节理解题。根据第段 Once upon a time,a daughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time.(从前, 一个 女儿向父亲抱怨她的生活不幸福，她厌倦了一直在挣扎。)可知，女孩向她的父亲抱怨 是因为她艰难的生活。应选A。(2) D.推理判断题。根据第四段 He then explained that the potatoes,the eggs and thecoffee beans were in the same adversity (逆境)the boiling water. How ever, each one reacted differently.(然后他解释说，土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆都处在同一个逆境中，即沸水，但它 们的反响各不相同。)可知，父亲把土豆，鸡蛋和咖啡豆比喻成不同的人，说明不同的 人对逆境有不同的反响，应选D。(3) B.词义猜想题。根据第四段 The strong and hard potato became soft and weak in boiling water.The egg was ， with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid until it was put in the boiling water.(强壮而坚硬的土豆在沸水中变得柔软而脆弱。鸡蛋很，薄薄的外壳保护着它的液体，直到它被放入沸水中。)可知，鸡 蛋是易碎的，所以什agile的意思是易碎的，选项B与fragile意思最接近，A.thick厚的； B.easily-broken 易碎的；C.strong 强壮的；D.hard 坚硬的。应选 B。(4) D.标题归纳题。根据文章内容，本文章介绍一个女孩向父亲抱怨，说她的生活不 快乐，她厌倦了一直在奋斗.爸爸将她带到厨房，用土豆，鸡蛋和咖啡豆分别放在盆里 煮，让孩子看这三种东西的反响，从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。可知，文章 主要讲的是生活中的挑战和你的反响，A.Father and daughter 父亲和女儿；B.Adversities and a chef.逆境和厨师；C.A chef and coffee beans厨师和咖啡豆；D.Challenges and responses 挑战和对策。应选 D。本文是记叙文。主要介绍了一个女孩向父亲抱怨，说她的生活不快乐，她厌倦了一直在 奋斗。爸爸将她带到厨房，用土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆分别放在盆里煮，让孩子看这三种东 西的反响，从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。考查故事类记叙文。做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选 择。2326,【答案】D、D、A、C【解析】（1） D.推理判断题。根据第三段中The only thing that matters is that you feel comfortable using it.Human beings are naturally creative,and all you need to do to complete an art therapy activity successfully is to be with yourself and your emotions.（唯重要 的是你 使用它时感到舒服。人类天生具有创造力，要想成功地完成一项艺术治疗活动，你所需 要做的就是与你自己和你的情感在一起。）可知，要成功地完成艺术治疗，你必须接受 自己。应选Do（2） D.细节理解题。根据第四段中 If the activities are done in a group, they are excellent for building healthy connections with other people,which may be very helpful if you are fighting depression.（如果这些活动是在一个团体中进行的，那么它们将非常有利于与他人建立 健康的联系，这对你对抗抑郁症非常有帮助。）可知，团体活动在艺术治疗中促进了交 流。应选D。（3） A.段落大意题。根据最后一段 Experts agree that art therapy has many benefits,from promoting your self-respect,and providing you a safe outlet to relieve your emotions,to giving you a sense of control over your life and helping you to get to know and understand yourself better. During the process of art creation, you will be taking yourself on a journey of self-discovery that will help you get rid of emotional roadblocks,and learn how to communicate with yourself and others.（专家们一致认为艺术疗法有很多好处，从提高你 的自尊，为你提供一个平安的出口来缓解你的情绪，给你一种控制你的生活的感觉，帮 助你更好地了解和了解自己.在艺术创作的过程中，你将开启一段自我发现的旅程，帮 助你摆脱情感障碍，学会如何与自己和他人沟通。）可知，最后一段旨在解释艺术疗法 的优势。应选A。（4） C.主旨大意题。根据第二段 Studies suggest that art therapy （疗法）can be very valuable in treating issues such as depression and anxiety disorder.lt is a great way to express your emotions without words, proc ess complex feelings and find relief.（研究说明, 艺术疗 法在治疗抑郁症和焦虑症方面非常有价值。这是一种不用语言就能表达你的情绪、处理 复杂的情绪并获得解脱的好方法。）结合文章还介绍了艺术疗法在治疗抑郁症和焦虑症 等问题上非常有价值，和艺术疗法的优点。可知，这篇文章主要讲了艺术疗法是治疗心 理健康的好方法。应选C。本文是一篇说明文。研究说明，艺术疗法在治疗抑郁症和焦虑症等问题上非常有价值， 并介绍了艺术疗法的优点。1.直接信息题：直接信息题是指能够直接从原文中找到信息，选项在语言表达上与原第18页，共26页 文基本一致的题目。2.间接信息题：间接信息题是能够从原文中找到信息，但在语言 表达上与原文有差异，做题时需要对原文信息进行转换。3.综合信息题：综合信息题 是指这类题目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句话，可能是原文的几句话，或者是散落在 文章不同的地方，要求学生把原文所提供的信息综合起来分析，而不能断章取义。2730.【答案】D、C、D、B【解析】（1） D.词句猜想题。根据第二段中的They were more likely to say they felt "used up" and "burned out" as the day went on.（他们更有可能说，随着时间的流逝，他们感到 “耗尽“和“精疲力竭二）可知，午餐时间玩手机之后，人会感到疲惫，精力不充分。故 推知rejuvenated表示“精力充分"，与Energetic意义一致，结合选项A.Ashamed羞愧的； B.Upset沮丧的；C.Interested感兴趣的；D.Energetic精力充分的。应选D。（2） C.推理判断题。根据第一段中的 A study found that people who played on their phones during their lunch breaks were more tired in the afternoon than those who went for a walk or read a book.This may be because they used up more mental energy.（项研究发现, 午休 时间玩手机的人在下午比散步或看书的人更累。这可能是因为他们消耗了更多的精神能 量。）及第三段中 的 Even something as seemingly simple as reading the news on a phone takes up more brainpower than reading the same information in a newspaper because of the energy needed to ignore the various links embedded （嵌入）in the article and the advertisements that constantly appear.（即使是像在手机上阅读新闻这样看似简单的事情，也比在报纸上阅 读相同的信息需要更多的脑力，因为需要精力来忽略文章中嵌入的各种链接和不断出现 的广告。）可知，该研究说明休息时间使用智能手机会让人耗费更多的脑力，使人感到 疲惫。所以该研究主要是为了了解在休息时间使用智能手机对人们的消极影响，及如何 影响人们。应选C。（3）D.段落大意题。根据第三段中的 The researchers said that multitasking on a smartphone by,for example,listening to music while writing an email,can be mentally exhausting. （研究 人员表示，例如，在写电子邮件时听音乐，在智能手机上进行多任务处理可能会让人精 神疲惫。）可知，智能手机的多任务处理者可能会变得精神疲惫。应选D。（4） B.推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 The researchers wrote in the journal Computers in Human Behavior, "If employees don't handle tiredness properly at break time,they will be exhausted by their job demands.（研究人员在人类行为中的计算机杂志上写道：”如 果员工在休息时间不能正确处理疲劳，他们就会因工作需求而筋疲力尽。）以及awareness in employees about the negative effects of smartphone breaks are necessary for10. -You are a great swimmer.-Thanks.Its because I a lot these days.()A. have been practicingB. was practicingC. would practiceD. is practicingJack,if your beard is off,you will look more handsome.Just do it right now.()A. shavedB. releasedC. gainedD. identifiedI tostudyharderfornot to disappoint my parents.找出划线短语的同义短语()A. movedB. resolvedC. seizedD. disturbedThe new play four parts,each of which is very fascinating,找出划线短语的同义短语()A. is composed ofB. dozens ofC. gets involved inD. is assigned toJack said to me, "You look worried today.*' Jack told me that worried.( )A. he looks.todayB. you look .todayC. we l