高考英语阅读篇章专项训练1.docx

高考英语英语阅读篇章专项训练【篇1】Park guards who watch North Americas highest mountain say inexperienced and overconfident climbers are taking more risks and endangering themselves and other climbers. The guards suggest many climbers are trying to move up the mountain too fast after having a year of. Denali in southern Alaska is 6,190 meters above sea level. So, climbing it requires a high level of skill. Climbers also need to acclimate to high altitudes (海拔), which is not needed for most mountains in the US. The National Park Service recently made a statement warning that many climbers in the Alaska Range are showing signs of inexperience and overconfidence. After reporting no deaths in 2018 and 2019, at least two people have already died on the mountain in 2021. Two others were seriously injured, officials said. Earlier this month, a skier from the state of Colorado died after falling into a very deep cut in the ice. A climber from the state of Idaho was killed by a large falling piece of ice. The guards made their statement after a Canadian climber was seriously injured after falling nearly 305meters. He was not wearing climbing ropes. Other climbers reported the fall. People in a helicopter (直升机) studying mountain ice in the area were able to save the man,park officials said. The Park Service statement named several reasons for the increase in injuries and deaths. They include extreme tiredness, untested body reactions to high altitudes, quickly changing weather, and not bringing the right equipment. In recent years,guards said they have seen more climbers try to make Denalis top by climbing the 2,134 meters from the final base camp to the top in one day. This is nearly impossible to do except for the most experienced climbers. Experts suggest that climbers take 17 to 2l days to reach the top of Denali. That includes rest days and extra days to wait out bad weather.1What does the underlined phrase “acclimate to” in paragraph 2 probably mean?AGet used to.BGet tired of.CTake control of.DLook forward to.2What is special about climbers in 2021 compared with those in 2018 and 2019?AThey are not so confident.BThey face higher altitudes.CMost of them are beginners.DDeaths have come up among them.3What mistake did the Canadian climber make?AHe didnt train himself to climb.BHe didnt make sure of his safety.CHe didnt stay with other climbers.DHe knew little about the mountain ice.4What is paragraph 6 mainly about?ADangers of having little climbing experience.BResults of climbing mountains in a hurry.CCauses of the climbing accidents.DRules of safe mountain climbing.【篇2】It was latean unrecognized and slow hour. In front of me was a large dog, showing his jaws so hard that his teeth gave a loud sound with each bark. His eyes were locked on me, desperate for the toy in my hand. But he wasnt playing-he was feeling uneasy.As I cautiously held my ground, his bark changed to a shout, then he gave a short and frightening roar. That was when my unease gave way to something far more primitive: fear.This was no ordinary dog. Dyngo, ten-year-old, had been trained to push his six-stone body toward enemies, locking his jaws around them. This dog had saved thousands of lives. Now he was in my flat in Washington DCJust 72 hours earlier, I had travelled across the country to get Dyngo back from Luke Air Force Base near Phoenix, Arizona, so that he could live out his remaining years with me.That first night, May 9, 2016, after wed settled into my hotel room, Dyngo sat on the bed waiting for me. As I was gradually sleeping, I felt his body moving, and I smiled: Dyngo is a dog who dreams. The next morning, when I came out from the bathroom after a shower, it was like stepping into a hen house massacre (屠宰场): feathers floated in the air. In the middle of the bed was Dyngo, panting over a pile of torn-pieces pillows.On the flight home, Dyngo was allowed to sit at my feet in the broad first row, but he soon had bouts of vomiting (呕吐) in between his attempts to tear the blanket Id brought him. The pilot announced Dyngos military status, inspiring applause from the whole cabin. When we reached my flat, we both collapsed from exhaustion. It would be our last bit of shared peace for many months.5Why did the author say Dyngo was no ordinary dog?ABecause it was a large and fierce dog.BBecause it could live with anyone peacefully.CBecause it was once a trained military dog.DBecause it had saved thousands of lives in Washington DC6What can we conclude from Paragraph 4?ADreaming is an abnormal behavior for Dyngo.BDyngo enjoys tearing things up like other dogs.CDyngo always prepares to wait for his owner after a shower.DPanting over a pillow is Dyngos most favorite activity.7How was their flight home according to the passage?AIt was tiring but inspiring that Dyngo received passengers recognition.BIt was disappointing because everyone was frightened by Dyngo.CIt was annoyed that Dyngo fell ill on board unexpectedly.DIt was peaceful and smooth without any bothers.8Where is this text most likely from?AA news report.BA guidebook.CA research paper.DA magazine.【篇章3】Its a connected world, and nearly every device, appliance, and machine with some sort of computer running inside it can be connected to others through the Internet of Things (IoT). What a great leap forward in this journey we call human civilization! But does this recent advancement come with a dark secret that can someday turn on us? Are smart devices spies around us?Many smart appliances today, particularly smartphones and virtual assistants are equipped with voice command capabilities. They can, therefore, listen to and record your comments and conversations even after theyve carried out your original command. Concerns about devices turning on voice command by themselves and listening even when you do not enable the feature have also been raised. The question then is: What actually happens when your smart device is listening? How much information gets recorded, and where does this eventually end up in?Take a listening app called “Alphonso” as an example. You cant download it directly from the App Store, but it comes with some games and apps that you can fix. While you are playing games on your smartphone, Alphonso comes to life and listens to what you are watching on TV. It then records this information and sends it to some server somewhere, and the data is analyzed to build a profile about your TV-viewing habits. Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do.Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do. Now, whats to stop devices from gathering other data? They can be made to look at chat and text messages or your calendar, for example, everything about you would be fair game. Some popular smart home platforms can control the platforms to fall silent but still remain active, capturing every word you speak that can potentially land you in some sort of phishing (网络欺诈) trouble. This seems to be the price we have to pay for the convenience that technology gives us. Privacy seems non-existent. So we should thus take steps to protect ourselves from this eventuality.9What can we infer about IoT mentioned in paragraph 1?APeople rely too much on IoT.BIoT spies are exactly among us.CIoT can be a double-edged sword.DIoT merely comes with a dark secret.10What is the potential risk associated with smart devices?AVoice command capabilitiesBPersonal data and identity theft.COriginal command recognition.DLocation-based tracking function.11Why does the author take “Alphonso” as an example?ATo present how smart devices send ads.BTo introduce the advantage of voice commands.CTo show the usage of downloading listening app.DTo explain how hidden app steal peoples privacy.12Where dose the article go next?AWays to prevent information leakage.BReasons for the loss of personal data.CTricks of obtaining sensitive information.DMethods of interactions with technologies.【篇章4】These days, football is one of the most popular sports in the world. Considering that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon, we could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world!The history of the game goes back over two thousand years to ancient China. It was then known as cuju (kick ball), a game using a ball of animal skins with hair inside. Goals were hung in the air. Football as we know it today started in Great Britain, where the game was given new rules.That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity. It is also a game that is very cheap to play. You don't need expensive equipment; even the ball doesn't have to cost much money. All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts' content with a ball made of plastic bags, just like Pele did when he was a boy.Another factor behind football's global popularity is the creativity and excitement on the field. It is fun enough to attract millions of people. You do not have to be a fan to recognise the skill of professional players-how they use their bodies to pass, score and defend can be amazing to see-or to feel the excitement of a game ending with a surprising twist.What's more, football has become one of the best ways for people to communicate. It does not require words, but everyone understands it. It breaks down walls and brings people together on and off the field. Take, for example, the famous football game on Christmas Day 1914, World War I had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together-one moment of peace to remember during years of conflict."Some people believe football is a matter of life and death ." said Bill Shankly, the famous footballer and manager. "I can assure you it is much, much more important than that." This might sound funny, but one only has to think about the earth to realise that our planet is shaped like a football.13About the development of football, we know that _.Athe history of football dates back to ancient ChinaBNeil Armstrong once took a football to the moonCthe goal of ancient football was fixed on the groundDthe rules of football have never been changed14According to the text, football is popular because _.APele played footballBit is given new rulesCit is simple, cheap and fun to playDit attracts many professional players15What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?AWorld War I was over.BBritish soldiers wanted to win the war.CFootball is not important.DFootball can help people to communicate.ADB CCBA DCBD AACD【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章通过引用负责观察北美最高峰的公园保安的描述：许多经验不足、自负的登山者正在冒更大的风险，危及他们自己和其他登山者试图爬上山顶，论述了引起这些受伤和死亡人数增加的原因。1词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Denali in southern Alaska is 6,190 meters above sea level. So, climbing it requires a high level of skill.”（阿拉斯加南部的德纳里峰海拔6190米，所以攀登它需要高超的技巧。）及“which is not needed for most mountains in the US”（美国大部分山区都不需要），可知美国大部分的山区没有这么高的海拔，对于攀爬者而言不需要高超的技巧。所以划线处所在句为攀爬者需要习惯高海拔，划线处的意思为“习惯”，which此处指代前面整个句子，指攀登者要习惯攀爬高海拔的山脉。选项A符合题意，故选A。2细节理解题。根据第三段中“After reporting no deaths in 2018 and 2019, at least two people have already died on the mountain in 2021. Two others were seriously injured, officials said.”（在2018年和2019年报告无人死亡后，2021年至少有两人死于这座山上。官方称，另有两人严重受伤。）可知，相比2018年和2019年的攀登报告，在2021年的报告中报道有攀登者死亡和受伤。选项D与文意相符，故选D。3细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“He was not wearing climbing ropes. ”（他没有佩戴攀岩绳。）可知，加拿大的队员并没有对自己的安全做好保障。选项B与文意相符，故选B。4主旨大意题。根据第六段中“The Park Service statement named several reasons for the increase in injuries and deaths.”（公园管理局的声明列举了伤亡人数增加的几个原因。）可知，本段主要说明公园方对引起这些受伤和死亡人数增加的原因的描述。选项C与文意相符，故选C。【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是军犬Dyngo。5细节理解题。根据第三段的“This was no ordinary dog. Dyngo, ten-year-old, had been trained to push his six-stone body toward enemies, locking his jaws around them.(这不是一只普通的狗。10岁的Dyngo接受的训练是将他6英石的身体推向敌人，用嘴咬住敌人。)”和最后一段的“The pilot announced Dyngos military status, inspiring applause from the whole cabin.(飞行员宣布了Dyngo的军衔，整个机舱都为他鼓掌。)”可知，作者说Dyngo不是普通的狗，因为它曾经是一只训练有素的军犬。故选C。6推理判断题。根据第四段的“The next morning, when I came out from the bathroom after a shower, it was like stepping into a hen house massacre : feathers floated in the air. In the middle of the bed was Dyngo, panting over a pile of torn-pieces pillows.(第二天早上，当我洗完澡从浴室出来时，感觉就像走进了一场鸡舍屠杀：羽毛在空中飘动。在床中央的是Dyngo，它气喘吁吁地躺在一堆破枕头上。)”可知，Dyngo把枕头咬坏了，也就是Dyngo和其他狗一样喜欢撕东西。故选B。7推理判断题。根据最后一段的“The pilot announced Dyngos military status, inspiring applause from the whole cabin. When we reached my flat, we both collapsed from exhaustion.(飞行员宣布了Dyngo的军衔，整个机舱都为他鼓掌。当我们到达我的公寓时，我们俩都累倒了。)”可知，在他们回家的航班上Dyngo得到乘客们的认可，这次航班虽然很累，但也很鼓舞人心。故选A。8推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“In front of me was a large dog, showing his jaws so hard that his teeth gave a loud sound with each bark. His eyes were locked on me, desperate for the toy in my hand.(在我的面前有一条大狗，它的下颚非常用力，每一次吠叫都使牙齿发出响亮的声音。它的眼睛盯着我，渴望着我手里的玩具。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是军犬Dyngo，因此可能是来自于杂志，故选D。【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了智能设备在提供方便的同时，也会有一些潜在的风险。9推理判断题。根据第一段“Its a connected world, and nearly every device, appliance, and machine with some sort of computer running inside it can be connected to others through the Internet of Things (IoT). What a great leap forward in this journey we call human civilization! But does this recent advancement come with a dark secret that can someday turn on us? Are smart devices spies around us?（这是一个相互联系的世界，几乎所有的设备，家用电器，以及运行着某种计算机的机器，都可以通过物联网与其他设备相互联系。在这个我们称之为人类文明的旅程中，这是一个多么大的大跃进啊！但是最近的进步是否伴随着某天会转向我们的黑暗秘密呢？智能设备会在我们周围监视吗？）”可知，通过物联网与其他设备相互联系，是人类文明的进步，但进步也伴随着风险，即泄露我们的秘密，所以可推知，IoT是一把双刃剑。故选C。10细节理解题。根据第二段中“While you are playing games on your smartphone, Alphonso comes to life and listens to what you are watching on TV. It then records this information and sends it to some server somewhere, and the data is analyzed to build a profile about your TV-viewing habits. Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso 证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”可知，智能设备会记录我们的数据，并发送到某个服务器上，从而窃取了我们的信息。选项B与文意相符，故选B。11推理判断题。根据第二段中“While you are playing games on your smartphone, Alphonso comes to life and listens to what you are watching on TV. It then records this information and sends it to some server somewhere, and the data is analyzed to build a profile about your TV-viewing habits. Alphonso proves that devices can listen to what you say and do.（当你在智能手机上玩游戏的时候，Alphonso会激活，并且听到了你在电视上看到的东西。然后记录下这些信息，发送到某个服务器上，然后分析这些数据，建立你看电视习惯的档案。Alphonso 证明了设备可以听到你说的和做的。）”推知，通过实例解释了智能设备窃取我们信息的过程，选项D符合题意，故选D。12推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“So we should thus take steps to protect ourselves from this eventuality.（因此，我们应该采取措施，保护自己免受这种可能性。）”可知，此处提出了要保护我们免遭危险的办法是采取措施，所以接下来的内容可能描述一些具体的保护方法。选项A符合题意，故选A。【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了足球的历史和足球在全球受欢迎的原因。13细节理解题。根据第二段“The history of the game goes back ov