高考英语一轮复习七选五专项训练（4）.docx

高考英语七选五专项训练（4）You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water. You get what you need, head to the front, and choose the line that looks fastest. You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off to the parking lot. _1_It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay. _2_Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line. If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about the probability:_3_So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster. Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line- called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register. _4_This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkout overall. _5_It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.AWhy does this always seem to happen to you?BSo why don't most places encourage serpentine lines?CSome of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.DThe chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.EHow high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?FWith three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.GBut sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.Good study habits will contribute to a successful academic future. Good study habits lead to good grades, and good grades lead to applications for better colleges and universities. _6_.To be successful, the first thing you need to do is to take responsibility for your actions. _7_. Your actions today will decide what will happen tomorrow and even in the near future.The most important thing to learn to succeed in the classroom is to make full use of your time outside the classroom. Review your class notes and the proper chapters in your textbooks. _8_. Some students work better in the morning, while some can study better in the afternoon, or at night. If you prepare for your lessons in advance, you will be more relaxed in classes._9_. Do not be satisfied with your own school textbooks. Ask questions and do your own research. Share your knowledge and listen to others. When you share your knowledge, you help others increase their knowledge. As an unexpected result, when you help others, you learn more.When you put your best effort into your work, you are already a success. When you follow these study habits successfully, you will develop a sense of satisfaction. This will provide you with a strong feeling of pride because of your achievement. Your good grades will give you confidence for the future. _10_. AAlways challenge yourself.BThis in turn will lead to a great career.CDifferent people work better at different times.DThese habits will contribute to a successful and happy future.EOnce this is done, move to the second most important project.FMake sure to look for help immediately or you may fall behind.GYou are the only one who can decide your own important thing and how to use your time.Living a Balanced and Healthy LifeWhat are the most important steps to follow if you want to feel good from morning to night? Feeling good means that your body and mind are working at their peak level. And you have a general sense of well-being.To feel good day after day, try the following tips:Get sunlight during the day. Sunlight stimulates the brain chemical serotonin (血清素), which plays a role in helping you feel happy. While youre outdoors in the sun, use the time to exercise. _11_ And it may work better than medicine for preventing depression from returning. It can also help you reduce your anxiety.Set yourself up for good sleep. In the evening as the sky grows darker, your brain makes a hormone called melatonin (褪黑素)._12_ Some of your choice during the day and evening affect your melatonin levels, which in turn can play a role in how well you sleep. So its suggested: * Be sure to get that daily exercise in the sun, since it also helps you sleep at night. * _13_. If your bedroom isnt completely dark, you wont make as much melatonin.Eat “ feel-good ” foods_14_   Keep these tips in mind:* Focus on multicoloured whole foods that are recently alive. That means fresh vegetables, fruit, beans, and whole grains instead of processed foods.* Make room for vegetables such as cauliflower, cabbage, and kale. _15_* Avoid foods that make your blood sugar soar like sweetened sodas and sugary baked goods. They arent good for your health, or your energy level.ATurn off the lights.BTurn on the lights.CThis helps you get sleep.DTheyre super-foods for feeling good.EHealth depends on good food, fresh air and enough sleep.FThe way you eat makes a bit difference in whether you feel strong or weak.GResearch has found that physical activities can work well for treating depression.Interesting Space FactsAs time goes by, technological advancements have made us learn more facts about space in the past century than in all time before that. Weve already searched the universe for the most amazing space facts, including facts about the planets in our solar system, moons, the Milky Way and beyond! _16_The highest mountain discovered is the Olympus Mons, which is located on Mars. It is 16 miles high, making it nearly 3 times higher than Mount Everest._17_ Thats the size of Arizona !The sun weighs about 330,000 times more than Earth._18_ In fact, the sun is so huge that it contains 99.85% of all mass in our solar system.Footprints left on the moon wont disappear as there is no wind. But wait a minute._19_ Well, it actually wasnt blowing. That blowing you see is because of a telescopic horizontal rod (望远镜水平杆) that the astronauts were struggling to remove from the flags top._20_ This is due to the lack of gravity in space causing the vertebrae (椎骨) to expand a little. However, this extra height is lost when they re-enter the earths atmosphere and are affected by the earths gravity again.AWere pretty sure they will make you interested!BNew discoveries will no longer be made in the future.CIt is so large that it can contain about 1,300,000 Earths!DNot only is it tall, but its 114,000 square meters as well.EAll these space facts may not be true at the time of writing.FAstronauts can grow about two inches in height when in space.GIf theres no wind to blow them away, then why is the flag blowing?Being resilient isnt about avoiding misfortune, but rather how we respond to it. Resilience means “doing well in the face of risk or adversity,” says Ann Masten, a professor of child development at the University of Minnesota. Even if you consider yourself resilient, you may need a booster dose in hard times. _21_·Nurture relationships._22_When adversity strikes, a supportive friend with good listening skills can make a big difference. And if you want your friends and family to support your resilience, remember to support theirs too.·_23_Optimism and resiliency go hand in hand. Some may appear more naturally optimistic than others, but optimism can be developed. If you are a natural pessimist, acknowledge the feelings that lead to pessimistic thinking and encourage yourself to reframe your thoughts to find the positive.·Move toward your goals.Develop some realistic goals. Do something regularly even if it seems like a small accomplishment that enables you to move toward your objectives. Instead of focusing on tasks that seem unachievable, ask yourself, “Whats one thing I can accomplish today?” _24_·Dont try to avoid misfortune completely.Resilience usually refers to how we cope with serious adversity. But our reactions to big problems may be informed partly by smaller setbacks we face in daily life. _25_It may gradually optimize (优化) our adaptive systems.ASeek the bright side.BFind a sense of purpose.CSo why not build resilience with tips from the expert?DSet up and maintain a support network before you need it.EThat may help you progress in the direction you want to go.FEveryday stress helps us learn how to face bigger challenges.GIt means you put down the smart phone and focus on your relationship.AGDFB【分析】本文是说明文。文章说明了杂货店排队方式以及研究人员提出的蛇形队伍的新方式，并分析了各自的利弊。1根据下文“It turns out, it's just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster. （原来，这只是你的数学问题；很可能，另一个队伍真的更快。）”解释了上文“You chose wrong.(你选错了)”的原因，下文与空格处是因果关系，所以本空应该是对前文选错提出疑惑，A选项“Why does this always seem to happen to you?( 为什么这种事总是发生在你身上?)”符合文意，故选A项。2根据上文“Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimum delay.（杂货店尽量让足够的员工在结账时让所有的顾客以最小的延误完成结账。）”解释了杂货店之前的工作模式，下文“Any small interruption a price check, a chatty customer -can have downstream effects, holding up an entire line.（任何一个小小的中断，一个价格检查，一个喋喋不休的顾客，都会产生下游效应，拖住整个生产线。）”描述了杂货店的特殊情况，故本空应该填出现特殊情况的原因，G项“But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.(但有时，比如在周日下午，系统会变得特别繁忙。)”，与此呼应。故选G项。3根据上文“If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. （如果杂货店中有三列队伍，延迟将在不同的队伍中随机发生。）”联系下文“So it's not just in your mind: Another line probably is moving faster.（所以这不仅仅是在你的脑海里：另一条队伍可能移动得更快。）”可知本空说的是任何一个队伍都有可能出现问题。你的队伍跑得最快的几率只有三分之一。D项“The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.(你的线路是最快的几率只有三分之一。)”与此对应。故选D项。4根据“上文Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem.(我们得知研究人员有一个很好的方法来处理这个问题)”以及下文“This is what they do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register won't unfairly punish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone little bit but speed up checkout overall.（这个大多数银行和快餐店都是这样做的。有了一条蜿蜒的队伍，在一个登记处长时间拖延不会不公平地惩罚后面排队的人。相反，它会减慢每个人一点点，但加快了整体结帐速度。）”说明这个新方案迅速有效，联系上下文可知，空格中应该是与旧的结账方案作比较。F项“With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.(由于有三个寄存器，这种方法比传统方法要快得多。)”与此对应。故选F项。5结合下文“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores can't afford the space or manpower.（要保持一条生产线的快速运转，需要很多的收银机，而且有些商店负担不起空间和人力。）”说明了一个原因，由此可知，空格处提出了一个问题；通过“It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly.(保持一条生产线的快速运转)”可知这里描述的是不鼓励蛇形队伍的原因。B项“So why dont most places encourage serpentine lines?(那么，为什么大多数地方不鼓励使用蛇形线条呢？)”解释了该原因。故选B项。BGCAD【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出好的学习习惯对学生来说非常重要，并建议我们应该养成哪些习惯，以及这些习惯的好处。6根据上文“Good study habits will contribute to a successful academic future. Good study habits lead to good grades, and good grades lead to applications for better colleges and universities. (良好的学习习惯将有助于学业的成功。好的学习习惯会带来好成绩，好成绩能申请更好的学院和大学)”可知，良好的学习习惯有助于学业，带来好成绩，继而带来好职业。B项“这反过来又会带来好事业”。故选B。7根据上文“To be successful, the first thing you need to do is to take responsibility for your actions(要想成功，你需要做的第一件事就是为你的行为负责)”可知，我们要为自己的行为负责，因为我们是唯一一个可以决定自己大小事情的人。G项“你是唯一一个可以决定你自己的重要事情和如何利用你的时间的人”符合题意。故选G。8根据下文“Some students work better in the morning, while some can study better in the afternoon, or at night.   (有些学生在早上学习更好，而有些学生在下午或晚上学习更好)”可知，不同的人最佳学习时段是不一样的。由此推知，上文提到了最佳学习时段。C项“不同的人在不同的时间工作得更好”符合题意，下文是对选项内容的具体说明。故选C。9空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“Do not be satisfied with your own school textbooks. Ask questions and do your own research.     (不要满足于你自己的教科书。问问题，做自己的研究)”可知，我们不能满足于课本知识，要勇于挑战自己。A项“总是挑战自己”可以作为本段主旨句。故选A。10本段为总结段落，空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“When you follow these study habits successfully, you will develop a sense of satisfaction. This will provide you with a strong feeling of pride because of your achievement. Your good grades will give you confidence for the future. (当你成功地遵循这些学习习惯时，你会产生一种满足感。这会为你的成就带来强烈的自豪感。你的好成绩会给你未来的信心)”推知，下文继续陈述养成这些好习惯的好处。D项“这些习惯将有助于一个成功和幸福的未来”符合题意，承接上文。故选D。GCAFD【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者针对均衡健康的生活，提供了几条建议。11根据上文“While youre outdoors in the sun, use the time to exercise.”（当你在户外晒太阳的时候，利用这段时间来锻炼。）以及下文“And it may work better than medicine for preventing depression from returning. It can also help you reduce your anxiety.”（在预防抑郁症复发方面，它可能比药物更有效。它还可以帮助你减少焦虑。）可知，设空处前一句建议到户外进行锻炼，设空处后句讲述在缓解焦虑方面，这比药物的效果明显，可知，设空处要针对这一医疗效果给出依据，然后才能得出结论。选项G“研究发现，体育活动可以很好地治疗抑郁症。”符合语意，故选G。12根据上文“In the evening as the sky grows darker, your brain makes a hormone called melatonin(褪黑素).”（晚上天色越来越暗，你的大脑分泌一种叫做褪黑素的激素。）以及下文“Some of your choice during the day and evening affect your melatonin levels, which in turn can play a role in how well you sleep. So its suggested:”（你在白天和晚上的一些选择会影响你的褪黑激素水平，而褪黑激素水平反过来又会影响你的睡眠质量。因此建议：）可知，设空前句先提出大脑褪黑素，设空处后句引出褪黑素的影响因素继而提出建议；因此设空处需要说明褪黑素的作用，才能形成前后呼应：产生褪黑素作用影响因素建议。选项C“这有助于睡眠。”符合语意，故选C。13根据上文“Be sure to get that daily exercise in the sun, since it also helps you sleep at night.”（确保每天在阳光下锻炼，因为它也有助于你在晚上睡觉。）可知作者关于褪黑素提出第一个建议。以及下文“If your bedroom isnt completely dark, you wont make as much melatonin.”（如果你的卧室不是完全黑暗的，你就不会产生那么多褪黑激素。）可知褪黑素与卧室的光亮有关，因此设空处的第二条建议是关于卧室光亮。选项A“关灯。”符合语意，故选A。14根据标题“Eat “ feel-good ” foods”（吃“感觉良好”的食物）以及设空处下句“* Focus on multicolored whole foods that are recently alive. That means fresh vegetables, fruit, beans, and whole grains instead of processed foods.”（多吃颜色鲜艳的新鲜食物。这意味着新鲜蔬菜、水果、豆类和全谷物，而不是加工食品。）可知，这里的建议与食物有关。所以设空处会解释饮食与健康平衡生活的关系。选项F“你的饮食方式对你感觉强壮还是虚弱有一点影响。”符合语意，故选F。15根据上文“Make room for vegetables such as cauliflower, cabbage, and kale.”（给菜花、卷心菜和羽衣甘蓝等蔬菜腾出空间。）可知，作者建议多吃菜花，卷心菜和甘蓝。则需进一步解释原因，以及代词“they可指代上面一系列蔬菜”。选项D“它们是让人感觉良好的超级食物。”符合语意，故选D。ADCGF【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些太空中有趣的事。16根据上文“Weve already searched the universe for the most amazing space facts, including facts about the planets in our solar system, moons, the Milky Way and beyond !( 我们已经在宇宙中搜索了最令人惊讶的空间事实，包括关于我们太阳系的行星、卫星、银河系和更远的事实！)”可知，文章要介绍一些关于太空的事情，一定会让读者感兴趣。A项：Were pretty sure they will make you interested!(我们很肯定它们会让你感兴趣！)符合语境。故选A。17根据上文“The highest mountain discovered is the Olympus Mons, which is located on Mars. It is 16 miles high, making it nearly 3 times higher than Mount Everest.(所发现的最高的山是位于火星上的奥林匹斯山。它有16英里高，几乎是珠穆朗玛峰的3倍。)”可知，本段在对奥林匹斯山的具体情况进行介绍，D项中的“it”指代上文的“the Olympus Mons”。D项：Not only is it tall, but its 114,000 square meters as well.(它不仅高，而且有11.4万平方米。)符合语境。故选D。18根据上文“The sun weighs about 330,000 times more than Earth.(太阳的重量大约是地球的33万倍。)”可知，空处承接上文，继续描述太阳的大小，C项中的“it”指代上文中的“the sun”。C项：It is so large that it can contain about 1,300,000 Earths!(它是如此之大，它可以容纳大约1