2020年高考真题——英语（海南卷）Word版含解析.docx

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题本卷须知:1 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2 .答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，答复非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题分，总分值分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B.£9.18.C. £9. 15.答案是c.1. What will the speakers do tonight?A. Visit Mary.B. Go out of town.C. Host a dinner.2. How does the woman go to work this week?A. By car.B. By bike.C. On foot3. What time does Dave's meeting star?A. At 8： 30B. At9： 00.C. At 10： 00.4. What is Helen going to do?A. Buy some booksB. Study in the library.C. Attend a history class.5. What is the woman's feeling now?A. ReliefB. Regret.C. Embarrassment.第二节（共15小题：每题分，总分值分）is failure that brings improvement/,可知，失败才能带来进步。因此可以推测出，这些内容都是 关于这本书的评论，因为这篇文章是书评，应选C。DRainforests are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals. Can you believe that a single bush (灌木丛in the Amazon may have more species of ants than the whole of Britain! About 480 varieties of trees may be found in just one hectare of rainforest.Rainforests are the lungs of the planet-storing vast quantities of carbon dioxide and producing a significant amount of the world's oxygen. Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy树冠层)of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat from the sun and strong winds.Amazingly, the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, although close together, never actually touch those of another tree. Scientists think this is the plants' way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like caterpillars. To survive in the forest, animals must climb jump or fly across the gaps. The ground floor of the forest is not all tangled leaves and bushes, like in films, but is actually fairly clear. It is where dead leaves turn into food for the trees and other forest life.They are not called rainforests for nothing! Rainforests can generate 75%of their own rain. At least 80 inches of rain a year is normal-and in some areas there may be as much as 430 inches of rain annually. This is real rain-your umbrella may protect you in a shower, but it won't keep you dry if there is a full rainstorm. In just two hours, streams can rise ten to twenty feet. The humidity (湿气)of large rainforests contributes to the formation of rainclouds that may travel to other countries in need of rain. 12. What can we learn about rainforests from the first paragraph?A. They produce oxygen.B. They cover a vast area.C. They are well managed.D. They are rich in wildlife.13. Which of the following contributes most to the survival of rainforests?A.Heavy rainsB.Big trees.C.Small plants.D.Forest animals.14. Why do the leaves and branches of different trees avoid touching each other?A.For more sunlight.B.For more growing space.C.For self-protection.D.For the detection of insects.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Life-Giving RainforestsB. The Law of the JungleC. Animals in the AmazonD. Weather in Rainforests【答案】12.D13. B 14. C 15. A【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。热带雨林被称为世界上最大的药房，因为超过25%的现代药物是由其植物 提炼。热带雨林也享有“地球之肺的美誉，因其植物的光合作用净化地球空气的能力尤为强 大。仅亚马逊热带雨林产生的氧气就占全球氧气总量的必。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第段 Rainforests are home to a rich variety of medicinal plants, food, birds and animals.得知，热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。可知，热带雨林有 丰富的野生动物，应选D。13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段 Rainforests have their own perfect system for ensuring their own survival; the tall trees make a canopy树冠层）of branches and leaves which protect themselves, smaller plants, and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat fromthe sun andstrong winds.得知，热带雨林有自己完美的生存体系，高大的树木有枝干，树叶的树冠层保护 树木本身、小植物、动物们免受大雨和太阳强风带来的枯燥热浪的伤害。可知，大树有助于 热带雨林生存，应选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 Scientists think this is the plants' way to prevent the spread of any tree diseases and make life more difficult for leaf-eating insects like caterpillars.得知，科学家们认为这 是植物阻止任何树木疾病扩散和让比方毛毛虫这种食用树叶的昆虫难以生存。可以判断出不 同树木的树叶和树枝防止彼此触碰是为了自我保护，应选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文首先讲述了热带雨林蕴藏了丰富多彩的药用植物、食物以及鸟禽猛兽。其 次，热带雨林就是地球的肺一一它吸纳了大量的二氧化碳，并制造了全球氧气的很大局部。然 后，雨林可以自我形成所需降雨的75%,而庞大的热带雨林湿气那么可以形成雨云，这些雨云 那么可以飘往那些缺雨水的国家。可以判断出本文最正确标题是“给予生命的热带雨林，应选Ao【点睛】第二节（共5小题：每题分，总分值分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Talking with your doctorTalking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don't be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you.16 Stay positive.Go to your doctor's visits with a good attitude. 17 Think teamwork! Think positive!Keep track of how you are feeling.18 This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms病症） and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.19Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic过敏）to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.Ask questions.Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment. 20 Remember-there's no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand.A. This will make getting answers easier.B. Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.C. You can talk to another doctor if the treatments don't work.D. Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.E. Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.F. Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines.G. Writing down what the doctor says will help you remember important information.【答案】16.B17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A【解析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。【16题详解】根据文章第段 u Talking freely with your doctor can make you feel better and gives your doctor the information she or he needs to give you the best care. Don*t be afraid or embarrassed to discuss something that is bothering you/可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生 提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕或为难地讨论困扰你的事情。 再结合下文为儿条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are some tips for talking with your doctor.（这 里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，应选B。17题详解】根据文章第二段 “teamwork!”意为团队可知，E 项：Remember, your doctor and other caregivers are on your side.记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此照应，应选E。【18题详解】I艮据文章 “This will make it easier for you to answer questions about your symptoms病症）and how medicines make you feel. It also makes it easier for you to bring up anything that you are worried about. Make sure to be honest about how you feel and how long you've felt that way.zz 可知，这将使 你更容易答复关于你的病症和药物让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担忧的任何 事情。一定要老实地说出你的感受，以及你这种感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感 受，故 D 项：Before your doctor's visit, keep notes on how you are feeling.（在你的医生来之前， 记下你的感受。）与之照应，应选D。19题详解】根据文章 “Your medical history is a list of your illnesses, treatments, what the doctors told you to do, and anything else you think your doctor should know. Also, if you are allergic （过敏to any medicines, be sure to mention that to your doctor.可知，你的病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么， 以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此 可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，故F项：Bring your medical history, including a list of your current medicines,带上你的病史，包括你目前的药物清单。）符合题意，相照应，应选F。【20题详解】根据文章 “ Do not be afraid to ask your doctor any questions you have. To remember all the questions you have when you are not in the doctor's office, write them down and bring the list with you to your appointment/7可知，不要害怕问你的医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记 住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remembertherek no such thing as a stupid question. If you don't understand the answer to a question, ask the doctor to explain it again until you do understand/可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案, 请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。正好可以连接两句，应选A。第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值30分）第一节（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的1正确选项。When Jim Grant spotted black smoke coming out of a building on his way to work,he 21 his car to call 911. Then he 22 a U-turn, circling back to take another look.Pulling up to the building, Grant saw flames 火焰）shooting out of a second-floor window. Not seeing or hearing any fire engines 23 Grant rushed to a side 24 and ran up the stairs.On the second floor, he 25 every apartment door. nGet out!n Grant shouted, Noone 26 and he assumed that people had already 27 Reaching the end of the hallway, though, Grant 28 a half-open door. He kicked it wide open, finding a 29 woman in a wheelchair with a little boy and a tiny baby.nLet's 30!” he screamed. The woman looked athim in confusion and said something about changing her clothes. Grant didn't wait, clutching 抓牢） the baby to his chest and 31 the boy alongside, Grant ran down the hallway. When hewas 32 outside, the only 33 in sight was a policeman. Grant told him aboutthe 34 and they rushed into the smoky building.Thanks to them, a family was saved from the fire. Grant and the policeman were honored for their 35.21.A.droveB.stoppedC.reachedD.abandoned22.A.sawB.madeC.missedD.crossed23.A.burningB.leavingC.approachingD.waiting24.A.entranceB.roadC.buildingD.window25.A.lockedB.kickedC.countedD.repaired26 A. agreedunderstoodB.caredC.respondedD.27.A.arrivedB.returnedC.hiddenD.escaped28. A. skipped rememberedB.closedC.noticedD.29.A.frightenedB.curiousC.patientD.grateful30.A.turn backB.go upC.get outD.lie down31.A.followingB.draggingC.examiningD.passing32.A.safelyB.secretlyC.suddenlyD.previously33.A.witnessB.guideC.serviceD.help34.A.womanB.doorC.carD.baby35.A.wisdomB.generosityC.honestyD.courage【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A30. C 31. B 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D【解析】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟并且楼上窗户喷火, 他就冲上楼救了两个孩子，并且告诉警察上面还有一个女人，于是女人也获救了。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当吉姆格兰特在上班的路上发现一栋大楼冒出黑烟时，他停下 车打 911。A. drove 驾驶；B. stopped 停下来；C. reached 到达；D. abandoned 抛弃。分析 可知，大楼冒黑烟是着火了，所以停下车去拨打911报警符合题意，应选B。22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他掉头，绕回来再看一眼。A.saw看；B. made做；C. missed 错过；D. crossed交叉；横过。make a U-turn意为掉头，固定搭配。应选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼 窗户里喷出来。没有 看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. burning燃烧；B. leaving离开; C.叩proaching接近；D. waiting等待。分析可知，火焰都已经从二楼喷出来，并且可以看出格 兰特跑上楼梯去救火，可以推测是因为消防车没来，此处approaching表示接近，符合题意， 应选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析句意：格兰特把车停到大楼前，看见火焰从二楼的窗户里喷出来。没有 看到或听到任何消防车接近。格兰特冲到一个侧门跑上楼梯。A. entrance入口； B. road路； C. building楼；D. window窗户。根据语境可知，二楼窗户喷火并且消防车没来所以格兰特冲 到侧门是为了救火，符合题意，side entrance侧门。应选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在二楼，他踢了每个公寓的门。A. locked锁；B. kicked踢；C. counted 计算；D. repaired >o根据上文可知，大楼着火了。格兰特冲上楼去救火，所以踢门符合题意, 是为了看里面是否有人。应选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. agreed同意；B.cared照 顾；C.responded回应；D. understood理解。分析可知，格兰特踢门问里面是否有人，再结合 后面他认为人已经逃走了可以判断出是没有人回应他。应选Co【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:没有人回应，他以为人们已经逃走了。A. arrived到达；B. returned 返回；Chidden藏；D. escaped逃离。分析可知，格兰特踢门但没有人回应，所以他以为人们 已经逃走escaped）符合题意，应选D。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，到达走廊尽头时，格兰特注意到一扇半开的门。A. skipped 跳；B.closed关闭；C.noticed注意；D. remembered记得。分析可知,上文格兰特以为人们都 逃走了，并且格兰特是来救人的，所以格兰特注意到一扇半开的们符合题意，应选C。29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把它踢得很宽，发现一个坐在轮椅上的吓坏了的女人，她带 着一个小男孩和一个小婴儿。A. frightened害怕的；B. curious好奇的；C.patient耐心的；D. grateful感谢的。分析可知，发生了火灾，所以女人是害怕的符合题意，应选A。【30题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我们出去吧！他大声喊道。A.turnback返回；B.goup上升； C.get out出去；D. lie down躺下。分析可知，格兰特找到了被困人员，所以要带他们出去符 合句意，应选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：格兰特没有等，他把婴儿抱起来，把男孩拖到旁边，沿着走廊跑 去。A. following 跟随;B. dragging C. examining 测试；D. passing 通过。分析可知，要救 他们出去，所以拖着男孩跑出去符合题意，应选B。32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他平安地到外面时，唯一看得见的帮助就是一个警察。A. safely 平安地；B. secretly秘密地；C.suddenly突然地；D.previously以前地。分析可知，格兰特把 被困人员救了出来，所以只有平安地到达外面符合题意，应选A。33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他平安地在外面时，看得见的唯一能够帮助的人就是一个警察。A. witness目击者;B.guide指南；C.service效劳;D.help帮助。分析可知，警察是提供帮助 的，应选D。34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：格兰特告诉他那个女人还在里面，他们冲进烟雾弥漫的大楼。A. woman女人；B.doorH； C.car车;D. baby婴儿。分析可知，格兰特把婴儿和男孩救出来 了，女人还没有出来，所以他告诉警察那个女人还在里面，符合题意，应选A。35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他们，一家人才从火灾中获救。格兰特和警察因他们的勇 气而受到表彰。A. wisdom智慧；B. generosity慷慨；C. honesty老实；D. courage勇气。分析 可知，警察和格兰特冲进大火里救了这一家人，是非常有勇气的，所以因他们的勇气而受到 表彰符合题意，应选D。第二节(共10小题；每题分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。These days, it is not unusual for 10-to 12-year-olds to publish their own websites or for second and third graders 36 (begin computer classes. At the same time, computer games are becoming increasingly popular as major publishing houses continue to develop 37education) computer programs for children in preschool. Also, technological know-how has become a 38(require) for most jobs in an increasingly digital world, as the computer hasbecome a common tool in most 39(profession)The Digital World is a set of volumes 40 aim to describe how digital systems influence society and help readers understand the nature of digital systems and their many interacting parts. Each volume in the set explores 41 wide range of material, explains the basic concepts of major applications of digital systems, 42 discusses the influences they have on everyday life. Because the number of possible topics 43 bepractically limitless, we focus on a sample ofthe most interesting and useful applications and tools and explain the basic principles of technology. Readers 44 (encourage) to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of 45 (we) Further Resources section featured in each volume.【答案】36. to begineducational37. requirementprofessions 40. that/which 41. a 42. and 43. is 44. are encouraged 45. our【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了？数字世界?丛书的出版的背景和目的等方面信息。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，10到12岁的孩子发布自己的网站，二年级和三年级学生开始 上计算机课,这些都很常见。此题考查“Itis + adj. + forsb.todosthJ结构，该结构it作形式 主语，真正的主语为不定式。故填to begin。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：与此同时，电脑游戏越来越受欢送，主要出版社继续为学前儿童开发教 育电脑程序。修饰名词computer programs,前用形容词形式。故填educational。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条件， 因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。动词become后接名词作宾语，根据前面的不定冠 词a可知，用名词的单数形式。故填requirement。L39题详解】考查名词的数。句意：此外，在日益数字化的世界中，技术知识已成为大多数工作的必备条 件，因为计算机已成为大多数职业的通用工具。名词profession为可数名词，根据前面的most 修饰可知用复数形式。故填professions。【40题详解】考查定语从句。句意：？数字世界?是一套旨在描述数字系统如何影响社会并帮助读者理解数 字系统的本质及其众多交互局部的丛书。句中先行词为volumes,在定语从句中作主语，所以 用关系代词which或that引导。故填that/whicho【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的根本概念， 并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响。a range of一套；一系列。wide是以辅音音素发音开头，所 以用不定冠词a。故填a。42题详解】考查连词。句意：系列中的每卷探索了广泛的材料，解释数字系统的主要应用的根本概念， 并讨论了他们对日常生活的影响。前后句为并列关系，所以用连词an