2022届天津市耀华中学高三上学期统练(4)英语试题（解析版）.docx

2022届天津市耀华中学高三上学期统练(4)英语试题.单项选择(20%)：1. Tom is too naughty and always a trouble-maker.一It is OK as a boy goes.A. Great minds think alike.B. I can't agree more.C. Don't mention it.D. I wouldn't say that.【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：一一Tom实在太淘气了，总是制造麻烦。一一男孩子这样很 正常啊。我不这样看。A. Great minds think alike,英雄所见略同；B. I can't agree more.我非常 同意；C. Don't mention it.别客气；D. I wouldn't say that.我不这么认为。根据 It is OK as a boy goes."可知，后者不同意前者的观点。故选D。2. The official is preparing documents for a four-nation regional meeting on elephant.A. constitutionB. affectionC. conservationD.production【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位官员正在为一个关于大象保护的四国区域会议准备 文件。A. constitution 构成，组成；B. affection 喜爱；C. conservation 保护；D. production 生 产。这里指关于大象保护的文件。故选C。3. It is so good a habit to instruct children to lay things they belong when they are young.A. to whichB. to whereC. in whichD. where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：在孩子还小的时候，教导他们把东西放在属于他们的地方, 这是一个很好的习惯。lay sth. sp.把某物放在某地。where引导地点状语，表示“的地 方”。故选D。4. No progress was made in the trade talk as neither side would accept the conditions of 震惊的；C. confused 疑惑的；D. satisfied 满意的。根据 “"Sure. I get it,“ I said. Though truthfully,"可知，作者尽管爽快地答应了复利的条件，但是对复利这个概念还是似懂非懂， 有点糊涂。故选C。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这些钱正好够我买另一个我迫切想要的玩具。A. Gradually 逐渐地；B. Obviously 明显地；C. Unfortunately 不幸的是；D. Hopefully 有希望地。 根据 “that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted 9 可知， 作者 正好用这些钱买了另一个玩具，不得不推迟还钱，需要还更多的利息，这是件不幸的事。故 选C。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，这些钱正好够我买另一个我迫切想要的玩具。A. seriously 认真地；B. anxiously 焦急地;C. secretly 秘密地；D. desperately 极其渴望地。desperately 常用need/want一起搭配，表示“急需；非常渴望”。此处表示作者非常想要另外一件玩具。 故选D。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：又过了一个月，我忘了借款的事。A. forgot忘记；B. knew知道;C. talked 谈论；D. cared 在意。根据 “I was just putting it into my pocket 11 Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.”可知，作者后来完全忘记了借款的事。故选A。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我正要把它放进口袋，正在那时Kathleen拍了拍我的肩膀。A. after 在之后；B. until直到；C. while然而；D. when正在那时。be doingwhen正在做某事的时候，正在这时另一件事发生了，所以应用when。故选D。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“抱歉，kiddo,那些钱是我的。我要收账了"。A. carrying携带; B. collecting 收集;C. relying 依靠；D. focusing 聚焦。根据下文 “on your debt.” 可知，作者 的姐姐这时要按照复利向他讨要借款了。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我想起了贷款。A. remembered记得；B. understood理解； C. realized 意识到；D. noticed 注意。根据 “ However, after another month, I 10 about the loan."可知，作者想起了贷款。故选A。【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我只借了 10美元。A. normally正常地；B. nearly差不多，几乎; C.only仅仅，只；D.really真正地。根据“How can it be that much?”可知，作者大感意外: 当初只借了 10美元，如今却要连本带息偿还这么多钱。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现 你欠我21.43美元。A.owe欠；B. offer提供；C. take带走;D. give 给。根据 “but interest has been compounding for eight months.” 可知,现在作者欠姐 姐21.43美元。故选A。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不相信一笔10美元的贷款能这么快翻倍。A. decided决定； B. refused 拒绝；C. pretended 假装；D. managed 管理。根据 ua $ 10 loan could more than double so quickly."可知，作者拒绝相信当初借下的10美元利滚利居然变成21.43美元。故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我大为恼火的是，我姐姐拿出她的铅笔和写字板，告诉我这一 切是怎么回事。A. relief救济；B.delight高兴;C.annoyance恼火;D. regret遗憾，歉意。 根据 “I 16 to believe that a $10 loan could more than double so quickly.v 可知， 作者 不愿相信，所以在姐姐向作者证明时，作者大为恼火。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我试图跟上Kathleen的计算时，我的头很疼，但这一次，我 明白了复利的基本概念。A. turned转动；B. nodded点头；C.cooled冷却；D.hurt感到疼痛。 根据"as I tried to keep track of Kathleen's 19 , "可知，作者本来就对复利不甚了解， 听到姐姐为自己演算8个月复利的借款数目，顿时大感头痛。故选D。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:当我试图跟上Kathleen的计算时，我的头很疼，但这一次，我 明白了 复利的基本概念。A. calculations 计算;B. excuses 借口； C. directions 方向；D. discoveries 发现。不艮据 “ my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up. ” 可 知，姐姐Kathleen通过计算，向作者展示当初的10美元如果在8个月连本带利翻到21.43 美元。故选A。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从惨痛的教训中认识到，借钱在任何时候都可能是"双重麻烦”。A. explored 探索；B. learned 学习；C. explained 解释；D. questioned 质疑。根据 u that borrowing money can be “double trouble" in no time”可知，作者从惨痛的教训中学到了复利的基本原理， 领教到复利的可怕之处。故选B。III.阅读理解(40%)：AThe Adventures of Amilya Rose: The LieBy Chavonne D. Stewart, Jasmine Mills, published in 2014Enter for a chance to win a copy of the book. It is the first book in a surprising series of children's books. That's fun and exciting but teaches kids valuable lessons.Chester and GusBy Cammie McGoven, published in 2017Chester has always wanted to become a service dog. When he fails his certification test, though, it seems that dream might never come true- until a family adopts him to be a companion for their ten-year-old son, Gus. But Gus acts so differently from anyone Chester has ever met. He never wants to pet Chester. Chester's not sure how to help Gus, but he's determined to figure it out and show he's the right dog for the job.Invisible EmmieBy Terri Libenson, published in 2017The novel tells the story of two totally different little girls in a class - quiet, shy and artistic Emmie and popular, outgoing, athletic Katie and how their lives unexpectedly connected one day, when an embarrassing note falls into the wrong hands. Emmie eventually learns to speak up for herself, realizing that being social isn't as impossible as she thought.Ocean Meets SkyBy Terry Fan, Eric Fan, published in 2018“Young readers will be attracted.- The Washington Post.Finn lives by the sea and the sea lives by him. Every time he looks out of his window, it's a constant reminder of the stories that his grandfather told him about the place where the ocean meets the sky. Finn's grandfather has gone but Finn knows the perfect way to honor him. He'll build his own ship and sail out to find this magical place himself! And when he arrives, maybe he'll find something he didn't know he was looking for.41. Which book is related to the loss of loved ones?A. The Adventures of Amilya Rose: The LieChester and GusB. Invisible EmmieOcean Meets Sky42. Why is Chester adopted by a family?A. To make him accompany a boyTo make him do the right jobB. To help a boy realize his dreamTo help him pass his certification test43. What can we know about The Adventures of Amilya Rose: The Lie?A. It may be gained for freeIt's the first children's book in 20015B. It's only for children's funIt's mainly about teacher's lessons44. Who wrote the story about the relationship between classmates?A. Chavonne D. Stewart and Jasmine MillsCammie McGovernB. Terri LibensonTerry Fan and Eric Fan45. What kind of book do these four books belong to?A. Adult novelChildren's literatureB. Moral storiesAdventure literature【答案】4LD 42. A 43. A 44. C 45. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几本儿童文学书籍。41题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 Ocean Meets Sky 部分句子：Finn9s grandfather has gone but Finn knows the perfect way to honor him.（芬恩的祖父去世了 ,但芬恩知道纪念他的最佳方式）可知，Ocean Meets Sky涉及失去亲人。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 Chester and Gus 部分句子：a family adopts him to be a companion for their ten-year-old son, Gus.（一个家庭收养了它作为他们十岁儿子格斯的伴侣）可知，收养它是为 了陪伴自己的孩子。故选A项。43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 The Adventures of Amilya Rose: The Lie 部分内容：By Chavonne D. Stewart, Jasmine Mills, published in 2014； Enter for a chance to win a copy of the book. It is the first book in a surprising series of children's books. Thafs fun and exciting but teaches kids valuable lessons.（查冯 D 斯图尔特（Chavonne D. Stewart）,贾斯敏米尔斯。asmine Mills）, 2014 年出版；报名参加一个赢得这本书的机会。这是一系列令人惊讶的儿童书籍中的第一本书。 这本书是有趣和令人兴奋的，但也教给孩子有价值的课程）可知，这本书可以作为奖品，报 名参加可赢得。A项It may be gained for free论述正确。故选A项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据文章 Invisible Emmie 部分句子：By Terri Libenson, published in 2O17.The novel tells the story of two totally different little girls in a class quiet, shy and artistic Emmie and popular, outgoing, athletic Katie（特里利本森（Terri Libenson）著，2017 年出版。小说讲述了一 个班级里两个完全不同的小女孩的故事一一安静、害羞、有艺术气质的埃米和受欢迎、外向、 喜欢运动的凯蒂）可知，这本书涉及了同学关系。故选C项。45题详解】推理判断题。根据各书涉及内容均与孩子有关。因此这些书应属于儿童文学。故选B项。BA federal judge in California has dismissed a lawsuit against the Coca-Cola company which argued that Diet Coke misled people to believe the drink would help them lose weight.The case was brought by Shana Becerra who said that she had bought and drank Diet Coke because she believed it would contribute to weight loss and healthy weight management. She alleged that Diet Coke had the opposite effect, citing studies that she claimed showed sweeteners with no nutritional value like those used in Diet Coke caused weight gain and increased risk of certain diseases.Although Coca-Cola's arguments against the suit were not adequate, Judge William Alsup said the prosecutor （检察官）failed to show that consumers were likely to be deceived by the advertising.Alsup dismissed the case because Becerra had not met the requirement that "members of the public are likely to be deceived". "In supermarkets, Diet Coke is displayed next to regular soft drinks and is not sold in the health-food section. Reasonable consumers would understand that Diet Coke merely deletes the calories usually present in regular Coke, and that the caloric reduction will lead to weight loss only as part of an overall sensible diet and exercise regimen （养生法）dependent on individual metabolism （新陈代谢）J Alsup said in the decision.Alsup said the studies cited by Becen*a suggest a connection between Diet Coke-type drinks and weight gain, but they do not suggest causation. He added that one of the studies even says that weight gain is "due to the behavior of consumers, rather than the effects of non-nutritive sweeteners. Alsup also rejected the idea that Diet Coke advertising would suggest advertising will feature healthy and attractive consumers enjoying the subject products and will not star the unhealthy and unfit.”The decision on Tuesday, said that the prosecutor has until March 22 to file a motion to amend the complaint. A spokesperson for the Coca-Cola company said they were content with the fact that the court dismissed prosecutor baseless complaint.46. What was the lawsuit against?A. One of Coca-Cola's drinks made people think it would make them thinner.B. The Coca-Cola company misled people to believe the safety of its products.C. The advertisements exaggerated the health effects of Diet Coke.D. The judge discriminated the consumers in favor of the Coco-Cola company.47. What are the side effects of sweeteners?A. They stimulate people's spirits and make them energetic.B. They increase people's weight and the potential possibility of getting sick.C. They provide nutritious refreshment for fat consumers.D. They add a nice touch to the soft drinks and make them popular.48. Why did Judge William Alsup dismiss the charge?A. Because the prosecutor couldn't provide solid evidence to support her lawsuit.B. Because the Coca-Cola company didn't do anything wrong.C. Because he was reasonable enough to know the effects of soft drinks.D. Because the consumer made no sense in this lawsuit.49. According to Alsup, how can people lose weight with Diet Coke?A. They should reduce the calories they take in.B. They should replace the regular Coca with Diet Coke.C. They should reduce their drinking of Diet Coke.D. They should pay attention to their diet and do exercise.50. What was the Coca-Cola company's attitude towards the Judge's decision?A. Angry.B. Regretful.C. Pleased.D. Shameful.【答案】46. A 47. B 48. A 49. D 50. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了对于可口可公司一款标榜瘦身的饮料的诉讼被 驳回以及法官的对此的裁决评价。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容：A federal judge in California has dismissed a lawsuit against the Coca-Cola company which argued that Diet Coke misled people to believe the drink would help them lose weight.（加州一名联邦法官驳回了针对可口可乐公司的诉讼，该公司称健怡可乐 误导人们相信这种饮料可以帮助他们减肥）可知，驳回的诉讼与可口可乐公司的某种瘦身饮 料有关。故选A项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第 2 句内容：She alleged that Diet Coke had the opposite effect, citing studies that she claimed showed sweeteners with no nutritional value like those used in Diet Coke caused weight gain and increased risk of certain diseases.（她声称健怡可乐有相反的效果， 她引用的研究表明，与健怡可乐中使用的甜味剂一样，没有营养价值的甜味剂会导致体重增 加，增加患某些疾病的风险）可知，甜味剂会导致肥胖且增加患病可能。故选B项。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段第1句内容：Alsup dismissed the case because Becerra had not met the requirement that "members of the public are likely to be deceived”. （Alsup 驳回了 这个案子, 因为Becerra没有达到“公众可能被欺骗”的要求）和第五段第1句内容：Alsup said the studies cited by Becerra suggest a connection between Diet Coke-type drinks and weight gain, but they do not suggest causation. （Alsup说，Becerra引用的研究表明了健怡可乐类饮料和体重增 加之间的联系，但他们没有提出因果关系）可知，诉讼被驳回是因为诉讼证据并不确凿。故 选A项。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段第3句内容：.the caloric reduction will lead to weight loss only as part of an overall sensible diet and exercise regimen dependent on individual metabolism J Alsup said in the decision. （Alsup在决定中说：“热量的减少只会导致体重减轻，这只是合理饮食 和锻炼方案的一部分，具体取决于个人的新陈代谢。”）可知，他认为减肥需要饮食和运动 相结合。故选D项。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据文章末段末句内容：A spokesperson for the Coca-Cola company said they were content with the fact that the court dismissed prosecutor baseless complaint.（可口可乐公司的一 名发言人表示，他们对法院驳回检察官毫无根据的指控感到满意）可知，可口可乐公司对于 法官决议表示满意。故选C项。【点睛】阅读理解中的态度推理题比较好判断：语气态度往往不会直接写在文章里，只能通过细读文章，从作者的选词及其修饰手段中体会 出来。询问语气态度的题，选项里常出现的词是：neutral （中立的），sympathetic （同情的）, satisfied （满意的），friendly （友好的），enthusiastic （热情的），subjective （主观的），objective （客观的），matter-of-fact（实事求是的），pessimistic（悲观的），optimistic（乐观的），critical （批评的），doubtful （怀疑的），hostile （敌对的），indifferent （冷淡的），disappointed （失望的）。比如文章最后一题：5. What was the Coca-Cola company's attitude towards the Judge's decision?A. Angry.B. Regretful.C. Pleased.D. Shameful.询问可口可乐公司对于驳回诉讼的态度。文章末尾提及：A spokesperson for the Coca-Colacompany said they were content with the fact that the court dismissed prosecutor baseless complaint. 语句中用到了 be content with （对感到满意），因此选项C符合态度。CIn the story of the three little pigs, the one who built his house of straw did not do well; the big bad wolf blew it down. But builder Michael Furbish, who made his own home from bales （捆）of straw, and an elementary school from the same material, says that in reality straw houses are not only strong, but also good for the environment. Straw - the stalks （杆，茎）of plants like wheat, oats, and barley - is considered a waste material and is commonly used on farms as animal bedding. But more and more people are discovering that straw baled into rectangular blocks is an excellent and inexpensive building material.There are two ways to make a straw-bale structure. You can build load-bearing walls with them, which means the walls support the roof. Or you can build a post-and-beam wooden frame that supports the roof and fill in the walls with the bales. Either way, the walls are there to stay. And they provide great insulation （绝缘），helping keep straw houses in cold climates warm in winter and those built in hot places like the desert cool in summer. Straw is considered a “green“ building material because it is a renewable resource: a whole new crop can be grown and harvested every year, easily “renewing“ the supply. Also, planting and harvesting straw uses relatively little energy. “Most other building materials require a lot of energy to be produced J explains Furbish. "With straw-bale construction, you are getting a building product without using much energy atFurbish used about 900 straw bales in his family's two-story, three-bedroom house. His company also provided straw-bale walls for the Friends Community School of College Park in Maryland. That project used a