《新概念英语》第二册课文、笔记(85页).doc

-新概念英语第二册课文、笔记-第 90 页§ Lesson One A private conversation 私人谈话 First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。 Why did the writer complain to the people behind him? Last week I went to the theatre. I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting. I did not enjoy it. A young man and a young woman were sitting behind me. They were talking loudly. I got very angry. I could not hear the actors. I turned round. I looked at the man and the woman angrily. They did not pay any attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned round again. "I can't hear a word!" I said angrily. "It's none of your business," the young man said rudely. "This is a private conversation!"【参考译文】 上星期我去看戏。我的座位很好，戏很有意思，但我却无法欣赏。一青年男子与一青年女子坐在我的身后，大声地说着话。我非常生气，因为我听不见演员在说什么。我回过头去怒视着那一男一女，他们却毫不理会。最后，我忍不住了，又一次回过头去，生气地说：“我一个字也听不见了！” “不关你的事，”那男的毫不客气地说，“这是私人间的谈话！”【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】private adj.私人的 public：公众的，公开的private citizen普通公民； private life：私生活it's my private letter/house；private school 私立学校；public school 公立学校； public letter 公开信 ；public place 公共场所in private: 私下里的；in public: 公开的Why not have a conversation in public?privacy隐私 it's a privacy. n.conversation n.谈话，比较正式一些subject of conversation：话题talk可以正式，也可以不正式（私人的）let's have a talk.They are having a conversation.conversation 用的时候比talk正式，意思上往往不非常正式.dialogue：对话China and Korea are having a dialogue. 正式chat: 闲聊 gossip:嚼舌头have a + talk/chat/dialogue/conversation/gossip 名词变动词theatre n.剧场，戏剧；cinema: 电影院seat n.座位 have a good seat (place)take a seat : 座下来，就座take your seat/take a seatIs the seat taken? 这个座位有人吗？no/yessit：sit down, pleaseseat：take your seat, pleasebe seated, please 更为礼貌seat是及物动词，后面有宾语sit是不及物动词，后面不加宾语sit he is sitting there.seat后面会加人; seat sb.; seat him; seat:让某人就座you seat him.【语法精粹】When all those present (到场者)_ he began his lecture.(重点题)A.sit B.set C.seated D.were seated sit, sit down; seat, be seated; take a seatangry adj. 生气的；angrily adv. 副词修饰动词cross=angry ; I was angry. He was cross.annoyed: 恼火的; I was annoyed.be blue in the face; I am blue in the face.attention n. 注意Attention, please. 请注意pay attention : 注意pay attention to : 对什么注意You must pay attention to that girl.pay a little attention :稍加注意pay much attention :多加注意pay more attention :更多注意pay no attention :不用注意bear(bore, borne) v. 容忍bear/stand/endure忍受的极限在加大I can't bear/stand you.endure : 忍受，容忍； put up with 忍受I got divorced. I could not put up with him.put up with=bear=standbear n.熊 white bear白熊、北极熊bear hug : 热情(热烈)的拥抱give sb. a bear hugbusiness n. 事business man :生意人； do business: 做生意go to some place on business:因公出差I went to Tianjin on business.thing 可以指事情,也可以指东西It's my business 私人事情it's none of your businessrudely adv. 无礼地，粗鲁地；rude adj.【课文讲解】go to the theatre = see a film, go to the cinemago to the +地点 表示去某地干嘛go to the dairy 去牛奶店go to the + 人 + 's 表示去这个人开的店go to the butcher's 买肉 go to the doctor's 去看病go to school: 去上学go to church: 去做礼拜go to hospital(医院):去看病go home; I am at home.跟home相连一定表示没有事情可做,回家休息enjoy, enjoy oneself:玩的开心enjoy+sth. : 喜欢, 从当中得到一种享受I like something very much. /I love something.I enjoy the music.过去进行时态 : 过去的某个时间正在发生的动作一个故事的背景往往用进行时态描述I+be+v(ing) were sitting :当时正座在The girl was reading a book in the garden. A boy came to her.got : 变得, 表示一种变化I am/was angry 是一个事实I got angry: 强调变化过程got取代be动词, got是一个半联系动词, 可以直接加形容词说话的时候喜欢用缩略. I'm not, he isn't, they aren't写的时候会说: I am not, he is not, they are notI didn't do sth., I did not do sth.hear:听见； hear+人:听见某人的话I could not hear you. Beg your pardon?I couldn't hear you. /I couldn't hear a word. /I couldn't catch your words.I couldn't hear you clearly. /I couldn't catch your words.Beg your pardon? /I couldn't catch your words.hear a word, a word 等于一句话hear a word of sb. (actors)He didn't say a word.May I speak to Jim?/May I have a word with Jim?It's none of your business. /None of your business. /It's my business.turn round:转头pay (any) attention表示注意；对什么加以注意pay attention to sth.This is private conversation!private : 私人的, 不想与别人共享【Key Structures关键句型】 陈述句一定是有主语,有动词,有宾语,有句号；简单陈述句一定不能少的是主语、动词主语>动词>宾语>状语1 -主语一般有名词或代词构成2 -谓语由动词充当3 -宾语4 -副词或介词短语,对方式或状态提问,往往做状语 I like her very much5 -地点状语6 -时间状语可以放在句首或句末，先地点后时间I like the girl very much in Beijing last year. 如果问何时何地,是一个固定搭配 when and where【Multiple choice questions多项选择题】pay attention: 注意(在思想上)notice: 注意(=see 眼睛看)sitting behindbehind: 在.后面in front of :在.前面 (相对静止的概念)before : 在.前面 (+词、句子、一定和时间相连)above: 在.上面ahead of: 在.前面 (+时间、位置)(动态的行为)He arrived before six o'clock.Before he came backHe goes ahead of me.特殊疑问词对后面的答案提问how(adv.) 对一个方式、状态提问；对形容词、副词、介词短语提问where 用介词,地点when 用介词,时间why 用because回答any用在否定句和疑问句中some用在肯定句中none没有任何东西、没有任何人 None knows./None of us knows.not any=nonot否定词,要放在非实义动词后面He didn't pay attentionno形容词、修饰名词I have no time./I don't have any time.suffer:遭受,忍受 (精神或肉体上)+痛苦bear: 忍受=standI suffer the headache.He often suffers defeat.§ Lesson two Breakfast or lunch? 早餐还是午餐？ First listen and then answer the question. 听录音，然后回答以下问题。Why was the writer's aunt surprised? It was Sunday. I never get up early on Sundays. I sometimes stay in bed until lunchtime. Last Sunday I got up very late. I looked out of the window. It was dark outside. 'What a day!' I thought. 'It's raining again.' Just then, the telephone rang. It was my aunt Lucy. 'I've just arrived by train,' she said. 'I'm coming to see you.' 'But I'm still having breakfast,' I said. 'What are you doing?' she asked. 'I'm having breakfast,' I repeated. 'Dear me,' she said. 'Do you always get up so late? It's one o'clock!'【参考译文】 那是个星期天，而在星期天我是从来不早起的，有时我要一直躺到吃午饭的时候。上个星期天，我起得很晚。我望望窗外，外面一片昏暗。“鬼天气！”我想，“又下雨了。”正在这时，电话铃响了。是我姑母露西打来的。“我刚下火车，”她说，“我这就来看你。” “但我还在吃早饭，”我说。 “你在干什么？”她问道。 “我正在吃早饭，”我又说了一遍。 “天啊，”她说，“你总是起得这么晚吗？现在已经1点钟了！”【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】until prep.直到 notuntil直到.才; 直到.为止I stay in bed until twelve o'clock.I didn't get up until 12 o'clock.后面加(时间状语)从句,前面就是主句1) His father didn't die until he came back. (否定)直到他回来,他爸爸才死。2) His father was alive until he came back. (肯定)直到他回来为止,他爸爸都是活着的。到他回来这一点之前,没死 : not die; 活的 : 不加not.把until作为时间终止线从句的时间终点之前, 这个动作做了还是没做?做了肯定; 没做否定.outside adv. 外面 作状语He is waiting for me outside.It is cold outside.ring(rang.rung) v.(铃、电话等)响 (刺耳的)The telephone(door bell) is ringing.jingle(bell): (铃儿) 响叮当给某人打电话 : ring sb.Tomorrow I'll ring you.打电话(名) : give sb. a ringremember to ring me/remember to give me a ring戒指(名词)aunt n.姑,姨,婶,舅妈uncle: 叔叔 cousin: 堂兄妹nephew: 外甥niece: 外甥女repeat v.重复【课文讲解】On Sundays: 所有的星期天,每逢星期天never: 从来不 (可以直接用在动词前面)=not (变成否定句,前面一定要加助动词)I don't like her.=I never like her.因为是上个星期,所以时态不是一般现在时。look out of :朝窗外看从.里:from,out ofWhat a day?What + a + n.感叹句It is terrible day.=> What a terrible day!hataan (+a.)(主语谓语）What a terrible day!what a good girl (she is)!What a day!有上下文和一定的语境，才能省略形容词。just then: 就在那时；just只会出现在现在完成时如果不知道对方性别，可以用it取代Who are you?/Who is it ?by trainby 直接加交通工具（不能有任何修饰词，复数）I go out by bus/on two buses.如果加修饰词，就要换掉byI'm coming to see you. 我将要来看你。be coming 表示一般将来go, come leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join.【Key structures 关键句型】Now, often and Always 表示现在和经常发生的动作Now现在进行时（说话的当时正在发生，现阶段正在发生）Often ad Always一般现在时，是一种习惯，真理，是过去，现在和未来都会发生的事情。He is still sleeping. 他现在还在睡觉。频率副词往往放在句子中间，实义动词前，非实义动词后。非实义动词：1. 系动词（be)2. 助动词：帮助动词构成时态的(do, does, will, shall, have, had, has)3. 情态动词：（must, can, may)4. are you doing; am leaving; (用进行时态表达将来时:go,come.leave,arrive, join, return, die, land, meet)go(I go to bed hungry.形容词做状语）(rarely 很少）【Special Difficulties难点】 What+a/an+a.+n.+主语+谓语；What 对名词感叹He is causing a lot of trouble名词:trouble主语:he动词:is causingWhat (a lot of) trouble( he is causing)!【Multiple choice questions】"not early" late(adj./adv.) 晚的、迟的 lately(adv.) 最近 =recently (How are you going lately?)look(vi.):表示看的动作；后面一定要加介词 see(vt.) : 表示看的结果；后面直接加宾语 watch : 表示观看; 后面直接加宾语，但宾语一定是能够活动的东西lunch中餐； food食物； dinner正餐； meal一顿饭频率副词,放在实义动词前，非实义动词后;如果即有实义动词又有非实义动词要放在两个之间疑问句中副词往往放在主语的后面§ Lesson three Please Send Me a Card 请给我寄一张明信片 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。How many cards did the writer send?Postcards always spoil my holidays. Last summer, I went to Italy. I visited museums and sat in public gardens. A friendly waiter taught me a few words of Italian. Then he lent me a book. I read a few lines, but I did not understand a word. Everyday I thought about postcards. My holidays passed quickly, but I did not send cards to my friends. On the last day I made a big decision. I got up early and bought thirty-seven cards. I spent the whole day in my room, but I did not write a single card!【参考译文】 明信片总搅得我假日不得安宁。去年夏天，我去了意大利。我参观了博物馆，还去了公园。一位好客的服务员教了我几句意大利语，之后还借给我一本书。我读了几行，但一个字也不懂。我每天都想着明信片的事。假期过得真快，可我还没有给我的朋友们寄过一张明信片。到了最后一天，我作出了一项重大决定。我早早起了床，买来了37张明信片。我在房间里关了整整一天。然而竟连一张明信片也没写成！【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】send v. 寄，(通过第三人去)送； take: 某人亲自送send sth.to sb./send sb.sth.give sb.sth./give sth.to sb.send/take children to schoolpostcard n. 明信片send him a cardname card/visiting card : 名片Here is my name card.ID card:身份证credit card:信用卡cash card 现金支取卡；提款卡spoil(spoiled or spoilt) v. 使索然无味，损坏spoil: 把东西的质量变得不好；生活中不顺心的事;宠坏，溺爱His parents spoiled the boy. 宠坏This spoiled my day.What you said spoiled me.His arrival spoiled my holiday.break: 打破； damage: 破坏，程度不一定很重 destroy：破坏，彻底摧毁museum n. 博物馆Palace Museum:故宫public adj. 公共的-privatepublic school/place/house(pub:酒吧)friendly adj. 友好的； lovely adj. 可爱的；令人愉快的；爱恋的；秀丽的，优美的； n. 美女；可爱的东西waiter n. 服务员，招待员 waiter；waitress chief waiter 领班shop assistant 售货员、店员attendant adj. 伴随的；侍候的； n. 服务员，侍者；随员，陪从lend v. 借给；borrow from 向借lend sth.to sb.lend sb.sth.decision n. 决定； v. decidemake a big/great decisionwhole adj. 整个的all the.the whole.single adj. 唯一的，单一的； double n. v. adj. adv.【课文讲解】and 先后往往是对等的概念teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sb.sth.send/lend/teach sth. to sb.I can speak a little English/a few words of English.think about 考虑，思考；think over 仔细考虑last:表示上一个或最后一个，表示最后一个时要加冠词theI spend the whole day in my room.spend+时间+地点I spend three hours in the sea.I spend my weekend at my mother's.I spend three hours in the classroom everyday.I spend a lot of time in traffic jam.【Special Difficulties】双宾语：直接宾语（表示动作结果）和间接宾语（动作目标）give sb.sth.sb.: 间接宾语sth.: 直接宾语间接宾语在后面时，其前必须加to(对而言）或for（为而做）give a book to me. I buy a book for youtake flowers to my wife.order soup for you.可以翻译为给、替、为的，就用for; 如果只能翻译为给的，就用to。与for相连的 buy,order,make,findfind sth.for sb.do sb.a favor 帮某人一个忙Do me a favor please./Do a favor for me.【Multiple choice questions】找特殊疑问词的时候一定要根据答案来决定， who-whom人做主语提问who 对宾语提问whom如果对主语提问，则句子的的语序和陈述句语序一样如果对非主语来提问，则句子要使用特殊疑问词一般疑问句的语序in.way :以.方式friendly单独用，形容词，一般做定语来用作为状语表示这个人做什么事情很友好，用短语in a friendly wayall of 后面如果加代词，代词前面不需要修修饰词一旦要加名词，前面一定要加theall of the friends all of the studentslatest:最新的latest news latest stylethink about:考虑、思考、想make up one's mind:下定决心change one's mind:改变主意make a wish: 愿望§ Lesson 4 An exciting trip 激动人心的旅行 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。Why is Tim finding this trip exciting?I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer. He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there, he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is fending this trip very exciting.【参考译文】 我刚刚收到弟弟蒂姆的来信，他正在澳大利亚。他在那儿已经住了6个月了。蒂姆是个工程师，正在一家大公司工作，并且已经去过澳大利亚的不少地方了。他刚买了一辆澳大利亚小汽车，现在去了澳大利亚中部的小镇艾利斯斯普林斯。他不久还将到达达尔文去，从那里，他再飞往珀斯。我弟弟以前从未出过国，因此，他觉得这次旅行非常激动人心。【New Words and Expressions 生词与短语】excite v. 激动exciting adj. 令人兴奋的 -ing:令人感到excited adj.兴奋的；激动的；活跃的 v. -ed: 自己感到exciting boy；interesting manThe man is interesting.The news exciting, I am excited.其宾语一定是人The news excited me.让后面的人感到interesting:令人感到有趣的interested: 感到有意思的The book interests me.receive v. 接受，收到accept同意接收receive客观的收到This morning I received a bunch of flowers from a boy, but I didn't accept it.receive/have receive/have a letter from somebody.take the exam：接收考试； take advice接收建议firm n. 商行，公司；company n. 公司；陪伴同伴；vi. 交往 vt. 陪伴different adj. 不同的centre n. 中心abroad adv. 在国外，副词，直接和动词连用go abroadlive abroadstudy abroad【课文讲解】has been + in 地点He has been in America for tow years.work for work in 强调地点work for强调workI am working for a school.I am working in the New Oriental school.a great number of =a lot ofa great number of 后面一定要加可数名词复数a lot of 可加可数名词也可加不可数名词I have a lot of friends.I have a great number of friends.has gone to 去了某地没回来has been to 曾经去过某地，现在不在那个地方Have you been to Paris?soon很快（时间）from there从那地方起from 即可以加时间又可以加地点from half past 8 to half past 11from Beijing to Tianjingfly to Perth: go to Perth by airbefore副词，在此之前,现在完成时态的标志find trip excitingfind +宾语+形容词做宾补find the room cleanfind her happy【语法精粹】下面表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时believe;doubt see hear know understand belong thinkconsider feel look seem show mind have sound taste require possess care like hate love detest desirearrive不能和断时间连用用进行时态表示将来时态的：go, come, leave, arrive下面几个词一出现就标志着完成式：just, before, already, receive, take他到某地有多久了。He has been.I have been here for three years.find发现，找到find the book dirtyfind+n.+a.【Multiple choice questions】at.表示位置be at.(典型表示位置的介词短语）go to.只要有to这个感念，它的后面一定要有宾语，go to the theatergo in.(in 做副词）很小加宾语He went in.go into.有去向的动作，还有进入的动作 go into the roommove 搬家move in搬进来move to the new house正在搬move into搬进去了how long.对段时间提问，跟现在完成时相连§ Lesson five No wrong numbers 无错号之虞 First listen and then answer the question.听录音，然后回答以下问题。What does 'No wrong numbers' mean?Mr.James Scott has a garage in Silbury and now he has just bought another garage in Pinhurst. Pinhurst is only five miles from Silbury, but Mr. Scott cannot get a telephone for his new garage, so he has just bought twelve pigeons. Yesterday, a pigeon carried the first message from Pinhurst to Silbury. The bird covered the distance in three minutes. Up to now, Mr.Scott has sent a great many