2022年新目标八年级下册_英语语法知识点精讲+练习[],推荐文档 2.pdf

Practice makes perfect!1（一）一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或者存在的状态。通常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如 tomorrow,the day after tomorrow,next year,next month,next week,in 100 years等。be going to do（动词原形）结构：表示打算、准备做的事情或者肯定要发生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do结构表示将来的用法：1.表示预见Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after a good rest.2.表示意图I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本构成如下：一般疑问句构成：（1）will+主语+do?Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?（2）there be 结构的一般疑问句：Will there+be?Will there be fewer trees?Yes,there will./No,there wont否定句构成：will+not（wont）+do Sarah won t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑问句构成：特殊疑问词 will 主语？What will Sarah do next Sunday?（二）should 的用法：should 用来提出建议和忠告，后边加动词原形，否定句直接在should 后边加 not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我认为你应该少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and she seldom walks.So I think she should walk a lot.她经常开车，很少走路。所以我认为她应该多走路。Students shouldn t spend too much time playing computer games.学生们不应当花太多的时间玩计算机游戏。学习向别人提建议的几种句式：（1）I think you should（2）Well,you could（3）Maybe you should（4）Why don t you?（5）What about doing sth.?（6）Youd better do sth.（三）过去进行时名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 1 页，共 8 页 -Practice makes perfect!2 过去进行时表示过去某一点时间正在进行的动作或者过去某一段时间内一直进行的动作。1.构成was/were+doing，例如：I was watching TV at 9 oclock last night.at 9 oclock last night是时间点They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon 是时间段2.过去进行时的标志词at 8 oclock last night,this time yesterday 等。例如：I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在吃午饭。At that time she was writing a book.那阵子她在写一本书。（表示她在那段时间里一直在做那件事情。）（四）间接引语形成步骤：（1）不要逗号，冒号，引号（2）要考虑到人称的变化（人称的变化与汉语是一致的）（3）要考虑时态的变化（4）要考虑时间状语、地点状语和语示代词的变化。1.直接引语变成间接引语时，几个主要时态的变化规律直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时过去将来时现在进行时过去进行时2.直接引语变成间接引语时，一些词汇的变化规律直接引语1.am/is 2.are 3.have/has 4.will 5.can 6.may 间接引语1.was 2.were 3.had 4.would 5.could 6.might 4.动词时态和代词等的变动(1).某些代词，限定词，表示时间或地点的副词和个别动词在间接引语中的变化规则：直接引语间接引语todaythat day now then,at that moment 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 2 页，共 8 页 -Practice makes perfect!3 yesterdaythe day before the day before yesterdaytwo days before tomorrowthe next day/the following day the day after tomorrow two days after,/in two days next week/month etcthe next week/month etc last week/month etcthe week/month etc.before herethere thisthat thesethose comego bringtake(2).如果引述动词为现在时形式，则间接引语中的动词时态，代词，限定词和表示时间或地点的副词不用变化。而如果引述动词是过去时，以上内容就要有相应变化。变化情况如下：现在时间推移到过去的时间(注意:如果直接引语是表示客观规律的,那么时态仍然用一般现在时一般现在时一般过去时；现在进行时过去进行时；一般将来时过去将来时；现在完成时过去完成时；（五）if 引导的条件状语从句结构：if一般现在时，主语将来时含义：如果，将要例如：If you ask him,he will help you.如果你请求他，他会帮助你。If need be,well work all night.如果需要，我们就干个通宵。if 引导的条件状语从句。If 是连词，所连接的句子叫条件状语从句，表示假设或条件，意思是“如果的话”，用法如下：1、表示假设，表示将会发生和可能发生的事，或进行提醒警告。句子结构如下：If+句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语 will/may/can)+动词）a.If you finish your homework,you can go out and play.b.If I have enough money next year,I will go to travel.2.表示真实条件、客观真理、自然现象、定理定义.民 间谚语等，句型是：If+句子（一般现在时），+主句（一般现在时）.例：If you study hard,you are sure to succeed.If you put ice in a warm place,it turns into water.If a glass falls on the floor,it usually breaks If you cook a banana,it becomes very soft.If a plant dont get enough light,it grows very tall and thin.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 3 页，共 8 页 -Practice makes perfect!4【试题答案】一.1.A 2.C 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.D 14.D 15.B 二.1.C 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.B 三.1.what,advice 2.buying,called 3.out,of 4.about,on 5.surprise,on 四.1.C 2.B 3.E 4.D 5.A 五.（A）1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A（B）1.C 2.B 3.F 4.G 5.E 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 4 页，共 8 页 -Practice makes perfect!5 实战操练（答题时间：80 分钟）一.选择填空。（）1.Beijing won the chances _ the 2008 Olympics.A.to host B.host C.hosting D.hosted（）2.Tiger Woods can make billions _ dollars a year.A.for B.with C.of D.on（）3.You looked so beautiful at the party._.A.No,I dont think soB.Of course C.Thank you very much D.No,Im not beautiful（）4.The text is very easy for you.There are _ new words in it.A.a few B.a little C.few D.little（）5.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shopkeeper _“Who Moved My cheese”was an interesting book.A.that B.what C.how D.if（）6.In our English study reading is more interesting than speaking,I think.I don t agree.Speaking is _ reading.A.as important as B.so important as C.the more important D.the most important（）7.If he _ harder,hell catch up with us.A.work B.works C.worked D.will work（）8.The manager _ that the business would be worse after the stock（股票）went down.A.talked B.told C.said D.spoke（）9.We should keep _ in the reading-room.A.quiet B.quietly C.quite D.quickly（）10.I think everything goes on well._.A.So I do B.I do so C.So do I D.So is I（）11.If you want to watch TV,you may turn _.A.down B.it on C.on it D.it off（）12.I m sorry I havent got any money.Ive _ my handbag at home.A.missed B.left C.put D.forgotten（）13.He is listening to the music _ she is washing clothes.A.after B.before C.that D.while 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 5 页，共 8 页 -Practice makes perfect!6（）14.It takes _ time to go to Beijing by plane than by train.A.more B.fewer C.longer D.less（）15.Excuse me.Have you got an eraser?Sorry,I havent.Why _ you ask Mary?Perhaps shes got one.A.do B.don tC.did D.didnt二.选择恰当的答语。_1.What were you doing when the UFO landed?A.Your teacher wont let you in._2.Will people use paper money in the future?B.He said I couldnt stay out late._3.I cant sleep,what should I do?C.I was doing my homework._4.If I wear jeans to school,what will happen?D.No,they wont.Everyone will have a credit card._5.What did your father say?E.You should listen to some relaxing music.三.根据汉语提示填空：1.不知道该怎么办，你能给我点建议吗？I don t know _ to do,can you give me some _?2.外星人正在买纪念品的时候，我给警察打了个电话。While the alien was _ a souvenir,I _ the police.3.我放学回家的路上，看见一只猫从窗户里跑了出来。On my way home from school,I saw a cat get _ _ a window.4.我不想在电话里跟你谈论这件事情。I don t want to talk _ it with you _ the phone.5.我们要在周五晚上为约翰举办一个惊喜的晚会。We are going to have a _ party for John _ Friday evening.四.完形填空：把下面五个句子放在文章中的恰当位置，使文章完整。Three men went up in a balloon（气球）.They started early in London.The headman was Ted,and the other two men were Davy and Emilio.1 Soon they heard the sea.They were carrying the usual rope（绳子）,and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon.At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box.This could hold water,or it could be empty.So 2.It was for use over the sea.They were also carrying some bags of sand.After the sun rose,the balloon went higher.It went up to 3,000 metres,and 3.The water in the balloon became ice.Snow fell past the mens basket,and they could see more snow on the ground.4,but it was hard.They tried to break the icy sand with their knives,but it was not easy.The work was slow and they were still falling,so they had to drop some whole bags of sand.One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.At last they pulled the box into the basket.It was still snowing;so 5.They rose to 5,100 metres!Everything became icy.They were so cold that they decided to land.They came down in Poland heavily but safely.They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London!名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 6 页，共 8 页 -Practice makes perfect!7 A.The men tried to throw out some more sand B.they were able to change its weight（重量）C.They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.D.they climbed to get away from the snow E.the air there was very cold 五.阅读理解（A）Einstein Was Waiting for His Friend Once Einstein was waiting for one of his friends on a bridge.He was thinking a oblem.While he was waiting,it began to rain.The rain kept on for some time.When Einstein took out a piece of paper from his pocket to write something down,the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining.His clothes had become wet.But after he put the paper into his pocket,he forgot he was standing in the rain again.Many scientists are not careful with their lives.This is because they are too careful with their studies.1.What did Einstein do?He was _.A.a doctor B.a teacher C.a scientist 2.Why was Einstein on a bridge.A.Because he was writing something on the bridge.B.Because he was waiting for a friend.C.Because he was thinking.3.It rained _.A.sometimes B.for some time C.for a long time 4.Einstein _ and began to write something on it.A.bought a piece of paper.B.took a piece of paper from his car.C.took out a piece of paper from his pocket.5.Which is true?A.Einstein was careful with his work.B.Einstein was careful with his clothes.C.Einstein was careful with his friends.（B）生活中总会有许多意外事故发生，懂得急救或自救是非常重要的。请阅读下面材料，根据15小题所描述的救护方法，从A-G 七幅图中找出与题意相应的图画（本题共有七幅图，你只能选五幅图，多选不给分。）1.If the person has stopped breathing,you must try to start his/her breathing at once.The best thing is to use the mouth-to-mouth way.Lay the person on his/her back and breathe into his/her mouth.2.If the person is bleeding（流血）badly,you must try to stop the bleeding.Press on the bleeding point with a piece of clean cloth and hold up the part of the body which is bleeding.3.If you are bitten（cut by teeth）by an animal,wash the cut under cold running water.Cover the broken 名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 7 页，共 8 页 -Practice makes perfect!8 part,if there is any,with a piece of clean cloth.Then see a doctor as soon as possible.4.If you are burnt（hurt by fire or something very hot）,cool the burnt part at once.Run cool（not cold）water over the burn until it is less painful.Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burnt part.5.If there is a fire,never use a lift in the building,because its very dangerous.The lift may get trapped between floors.Use the stairs and leave the building at once.1._2._3._4._5._ Here are some pictures to choose.名师资料总结-精品资料欢迎下载-名师精心整理-第 8 页，共 8 页 -