专题十 非谓语动词：动词不定式作主语、表语、状语考点总结--中考英语语法复习微专题（九年级通用）.docx

人教版初中英语语法学习/复习微专题（九年级/中考通用）专题十 非谓语动词：动词不定式作主语、表语、状语考点总结（含练习与答案）全国通用 常青藤实验中学 初中英语教研组整理1.动词不定式的用法：作主语To cheat in examinations is punishable考试作弊应受罚。注意：动词不定式作主语时往往放在句子的后面，而用it作形式主语。如：It is punishable to cheat in examinations考试作弊应受罚。2.动词不定式的用法：作表语His wish was to become a skillful worker他的愿望是成为一名技术熟练的工人。注意：主语中含有do时，表语中的动词不定式符号to可省略。What he wanted to do was(to)become a skillful worker他的愿望是成为一名技术熟练的工人。3.动词不定式的用法：作状语作目的状语We started early to avoid being late我们一早就动身，免得迟到。注意：a.为加强语气，可以在动词不定式前加上in order或so as。I came in order to listen to the report我来是为了听报告。b.so as to不能放在句首。一句多译为了欣赏诗歌，你应该大声朗诵。正In order to appreciate poetry，you should read it aloud正You should read it aloud in order to appreciate poetry正You should read it aloud to appreciate poetry正You should read it aloud 80 as to appreciate poetry误so as to appreciate poetry，you should read it aloudc.in order not to或so as not to常用来表示否定的目的。Youd better review your lessons every day in order not toforget them你最好天天复习功课以免忘记它们。作结果状语I opened the door to find the room empty=I opened the door and found the room empty我打开门，结果发现房间是空的。注意：a.动词不定式前可加上only，表示“不料”“想不到”；加上never表示“没有再”。He hurried to the station only to find that the train had left他匆忙到了车站结果却发现火车已出站了。They parted，never to see each other again.他们分手了，从此没有再见面。b.动词不定式短语作结果状语的其他几种方式：so+adj.adv+as to，such+n+as to，tooto等。He was so friendly as to be always helpful to his neighbors他非常友好，总是帮助他的邻居。His story is such a sad one as to arouse our sympathy他的故事这么悲惨，引起了我们的同情。The ice is thick enough to walk on冰已经厚得可以在上面走了。She is too tired to do the job她太累了，做不了这项工作了。作原因状语表示喜、怒、哀、乐的某些形容词如glad，sad，happy，sorry，pleased，ready，surprised，disappointed，delighted，shocked等作表语时，后跟动词不定式表示原因。We are greatly delighted to have a native as our guide有一个本地人做我们的向导，我们真是太高兴了。注意：动词不定式常表示推断的理由。He must be a fool to say so他说这种话，一定是个傻瓜。作条件状语You would make a great mistake to take his bribe=You would make a great mistake if you took his bribe你若是接受他的贿赂，你就犯了大错。作独立成分To tell the truth，I have no money with me坦白地说，我身上没带钱。注意：a.通常，当动词不定式在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，但评论性动词的动词不定式无此限制，故称为独立动词不定式。b.常作独立成分的动词不定式短语如下：to tell the truth老实说，坦白说to make a long story short=to sum upto be brief长话短说 (I am)glad to say说来很高兴 (I am)sorry to say说来很难过 (it is)sad to say说来很可悲 (it is)needless to say不用说 (it is)strange to say说也奇怪 to beginstart with首先 to be sure的确，当然 to say nothing of更不用说(=not to speak of=not to mention=let alone) to make mattersthings worse使情况更糟的是 It was a complete waste of time，to say nothing of all the stress and bother这完全是浪费时间，紧张和麻烦就更不用说了。 The car had broken down，and to make matters worse，it was beginning to rain车子坏了，更糟糕的是，天开始下起雨来。综合练习（中考难度）下21.When I handed the report to John,he said that George wasthe person_.A.to send B.for sending it C.to send it to D.for sending it to22.“Do you know the girl in red?”“She seems_me at last months party.But Im not sure.A.to introduce to B.to be introduced toC.being introduced to D.to have been introduced to23.We all agreed_for another day,but Jim disagreed_A.to wait,to do so B.to wait,不填C.waiting,doing so D.waiting,不填24.He made up his mind to devote his life_pollution_happily.A.to prevent,to live B.to prevent,from livingC.to preventing,to live D.to preventing,from living25.I wish Id been thereI would like_her face when his husband came in.A.to see B.to have seenC.seeing D.having seen答案：2125 CDBCB学科网（北京）股份有限公司