2021届重庆市第一中学高三上学期期末试卷英语试题（解析版）听力.docx

2021届重庆市第一中学高三上学期期末试卷英语试题考试范围：高中知识点；考试时间：120分钟。本卷须知:1 .本试卷由四个局部组成。其中，第一、二局部和第三局部的第一节为选择题。第三局部的第二节和第四局部为非选择题。2 .答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3 .答复选择题时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑;答复非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4 .考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一局部听力（共两节，总分值30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题L5分，总分值7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中 选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅 读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. £19.15.B.£9.18. C. £9.15.答案是C。1. What will James do tomorrow ?A. Watch a TV program. B. Give a talk. C. Write a report.2. What can we say about the woman?A. She*s generous. B. She*s curious. C. She*s helpful.3. What does Jack want to do?A. Take fitness classes.B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.C. Change his work schedule.4. Why does the man come to the woman?A. To ask for a new ID card.B. To take a picture of her.C. To fill out a form.主旨大意题。根据第一段中 A study conducted in Youngstown, Ohio, for example discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime. In another, employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知例如，在俄亥俄州扬斯 敦进行的一项研究发现，城市绿化较好的地区犯罪率较低。在另一项研究中，当员工的工作 场所被室内植物装饰时，他们的工作效率会提高15%。由此可知，第一段的主旨是关于绿 色植物的益处。应选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 These include plants that have sensors printed on their leaves to show when they*re short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater.可知这就 包括叶子上印有传感器来显示植物缺水的情况的植物，还有一种植物可以检测到地下水中的 有害化学物质。由此可知，麻省理工学院工程师植物叶片上印上传感器的作用是检测植物缺 水的情况。应选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。由此可知，这种发光的植物 在未来可能有助于减少能源消耗。应选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段中 Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission. Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.可知照明约占美国总耗电量的 7%。由 于照明通常远离电源，例如从发电厂到偏僻公路上路灯的距离，在传输过程中会损失大量能 源。发光的植物可以缩短这段距离，从而帮助节约能源。结合文章主要说明了绿色植物对人 们很有好处，因此麻省理工学院的工程师开发了一种发光植物，文章介绍了他们创造这种植 物的过程，以及这种植物的一些优势，指出在未来发光植物有可能取代路灯，到达节约能源 的作用。由此可知，C选项“发光的植物能取代路灯吗？ 最符合文章标题。应选C。第二节（共5小题；每题2.5分，总分值12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项.选项中有两 项为多余选项。Secret codes （密码）keep messages private. Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 16 Code breaking never lags（落后）far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography. 17 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels“ spell out the hidden message “Meet me.18 You might represent each letter with a number, for example. Let's number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me" would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 19 For example, “bridge“ might stand for "meet" and “out” might stand for "me. The message "Bridge out“ would actually mean “Meet me.20 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B. In any language, some letters are used more than others.C. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet. 【答案】16.D17. E 18. G 19. F 20. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了密码的重要性、密码的设置方式、密码本的作用。36题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上句讲人们使用密码已经几千年了，下句讲密码破译 工作。空白处和密码破译有关，D项内容符合语境，连接上下文。应选D。【17题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。后面的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些 单词的第一个字母作为密码，E项符合此内容，应选E。【18题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的解释内容可知介绍了密码设置的又一种方 法，G项符合此意，应选G。【19题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据下文的例子及上句中的a code book可以判断该 句是介绍密码本的使用，F项符合此意，承上启下。应选F。【20题详解】考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文介绍密码本的重要作用，A项：没有密码本很难 破译，总结上文。应选A。【点睛】关于七选五的做题步骤：1、通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。在阅 读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山 与“结尾总结的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说明 本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首 段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题有重要意义。2、详读段落，在短时间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。 文章正文局部通常分为假设干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进 行的不同方面的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做 好铺垫。阅读各个空的前后句，标记关键词，关键词包括句中的核心名词或名词词组（如带 有形容词的名词词组）、专有名词、时间数字、代词、连词等。重点阅读各个问题附近的句 子，圈定线索词，然后从选项中寻找相关的特征词，以确定答案。做题时可以采用代入排除 法。如果一题做不出或拿不准，可先放过，继续往下读，先做容易的能做出的题，直到读完 整篇文章。3、定位选项，明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容， 将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定 位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的写作内容，以及空格上段尾句和下段首句的结构和意义。 将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。 能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。小题1中上句讲人们 使用密码已经几千年了，下句讲密码破译工作。空白处和密码破译有关，D项内容符合语境, 连接上下文。小题2中后面的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的第一个字 母作为密码，E项符合此内容。4、通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。 在完成选项定位后，应通读全文，检查文章内容是否完整，语义是否连贯合理、各段落内容 是否紧扣主题，语篇结构是否通顺连贯、具有一致性、符合逻辑，写作思路是否清晰明了， 格式以及用语是否恰当贴切，从而判断选择的答案是否正确。同时，我们还应注意对相近选 项的比照分析，个别干扰项由于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要 我们认真分析，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。5、确定排除，研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值30分） 第一节（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最正确选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Jake and Max Klein are twin brothers who have a passion for volunteering. Their family havealways done community 21 .At a young age, they chose to 22 family*s gifts at their birthday parties, but asked them to donate money to a charity. When they were seven, Jake and Max were interested in 23 with a family friend at the local homeless shelter to help cook.24， he turned them down because they were too 25 and they had to be fourteen to cook. This led them on an endless 26 to come up with a way to help other kids who were also facing a 27 challenging: wanting to help but 28 because of their age.So, Kids That Do Good was 29 to "show ways to kids or adults, at any age, they could join the community and make a 30 .The small 31 has grown into a large website that brings thousands of 32 visitors each year. Jake and Max say that their website brings 35,000 unique viewers, of those viewers, Kids That Do Good has 33 kids to 16,000 organizations.Jake and Max are 34 with school and after-class activities and other community service promises. Kids That Do Good also has blog posts that advise kids on 35 their owncharitable event.21. A. surveysB.servicesC.dutiesD.businessesC. celebrating22. A. sort outB. play withC.give upD. putaway23. A. travellingB. volunteeringC.cookingD.recycling24. A. Unfortunately.B. HappilyC.HonestlyD.Gratefully25. A. shyB. awkwardC.weakD. young26. A. taskB. abilityC.chanceD.determination27. A. publicB. similarC.sharpD. direct28. A. jokedB. blamedC.deniedD. praised29. A. advisedB. allowedC.namedD. created30. A. judgmentB. differenceC.commentD. decision31 A. planB. effortC.projectD.experiment32. A. pleasedB. satisfiedC.amazedD.interested33. A. connectedB. exposedC.contributedD. attracted34. A. familiarB. patientC.busyD. contentC. celebratingD. building35. A. remembering B. describing【答案】21. B22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了双胞胎兄弟一直致力于做慈善，因为一次的拒绝而自 己开创了慈善活动，且办的特别成功。【21题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：他们家一直做社区效劳。A. surveys调查；B. services效劳；C. duties 责任；D. businesses 生意。®but asked them to donate money to a charity.及下文语境可知， 他们一家是做社区效劳的。应选B。【22题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们选择在生日聚会上放弃家人的礼物，但要求他们把钱捐给慈 善机构。A. sort out 分类；B. play with 玩耍;C. give up 放弃;D. put away 放好。根据 but asked them to donate money to a charity.可知，是放弃礼物。应选 C。【23题详解】 考查动词辨析。句意：杰克和马克斯七岁的时候，他们有兴趣和一个家庭朋友到当地的无家 可归者收容所做志愿者，帮助做饭。A. travelling旅行；B. volunteering自愿；C.cooking烹 饪；D. recycling回收。根据上下文语境可知，他们一直在帮助别人，由此可知，此处是自 愿去帮助。应选B。【24题详解】考查副词辨析。句意：不幸的是，他拒绝了他们，因为他们太年轻了，而且他们必须14岁 才能做饭。A. Unfortunately 不幸地；B. Happily 开心地；C. Honestly 老实地；D. Gratefully 感 谢地。根据上文，他们自愿去帮助做饭，被拒绝，自然是不幸的事情。应选A。【25题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意同上。A. shy害羞的；B. awkward为难的；C.weak虚弱的；D. young 年轻的。根据句意，必须十四岁才能做饭可知，因为他们太年轻。应选D。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这让他们做了一项没完没了的任务，想出一个方法来帮助其他也面临 类似挑战的孩子:想要帮助但因为年龄而拒绝。A. task任务；B.ability能力；C.chance时机; D. determination决心。根据上文可知，他们因为年龄小被拒绝了，结合下文他们自己创办了组织可知，此处是指做任务。应选A。【27题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这让他们做了一项没完没了的任务，想出一个方法来帮助其他也面 临类似挑战的孩子:想要帮助但因为年龄而拒绝。A. public公众的；B. similar相似的；C. sharp 锋利的；D. direct直接的。根据上文他们因为年龄小被拒绝，结合下文的because of their age. 可知，是相似的问题。应选B。【28题详解】考查动词辨析。句意:句意同上。A. joked开玩笑；B. blamed责备；C. denied拒绝；D. praised 表扬。根据上文he turned them down because they were too 5 可知,此处是指因为年龄 被拒绝。应选C。【29题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：所以，“做好事的孩子们被创造出来，是为了“向孩子们或成年人 展示各种方式，在任何年龄，他们都可以参加社区，做出改变。 A. advised建议；B. allowed 允许；C.named命名;D. created创造。Kids That Do Good是他们创办的组织的名字。应选 Do【30题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：所以，“做好事的孩子们被创造出来，是为了“向孩子们或成年人 展示各种方式，在任何年龄，他们都可以参加社区，创造不同。A. judgment判断；B. difference 不同；C ment评论；D.decision决定。make a difference有影响，创造不同,结合语境, 应选B。【31题详解】考查名词辨析。句意：这个小工程已经开展成为一个大型网站，每年吸引成千上万的有兴趣 的访问者。A. plan方案；B. effort努力；C. project工程；D. experiment实验。根据上文So, Kids That Do Good was 9 to "show ways to kids or adults, at any age, they could join the community可知，此处是指这个工程成了网站。应选C。【32题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：这个小工程已经开展成为一个大型网站，每年吸引成千上万的有兴 趣的访问者。A. pleased快乐的；B. satisfied满足的；C.amazed惊奇的；D. interested感兴趣 的。吸引的访问者自然是对此感兴趣的人。应选D。【33题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：Jake和Max说他们的网站有35000个独立的浏览者，在这些浏览者 中，“做好事的孩子们已经把孩子们和16000个组织联系起来了。A. connected连接；B. exposed暴露；C.contributed奉献；D.attracted吸引。根据句意和上文语境可知，此处是指 把孩子们和组织联系起来。应选A。【34题详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：杰克和马克斯忙于学校、课外活动和其他社区效劳承诺。A. familiar 熟悉的；B. patient有耐心的；C.busy繁忙的；D. content满足的。根据be busy with忙于某 事，结合句意。应选C。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。句意：“做好事的孩子们也发帖建议孩子们建立自己的慈善活动。A. remembering 记住；B. describing 描述；C. celebrating 庆祝；D. building 建筑。根据空后的 their own charitable event可知，是建立他们自己的慈善活动。应选D。第二节(共10小题；每题1.5分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The giant panda, also 36 (know)as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native37 south central China. In the past many years, the giant panda 38 (drive)out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming, deforestation and other 39 (develop). Wild population estimates vary： one estimate shows that there are about 1, 590 individuals 40(1 ive)in the wild, while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be ashigh as 2,000 to 3,000. Some reports also show that 41 number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.The West first learned of the giant panda on March 11, 1869,42 the Frenchmissionary(传教土)Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter. In 1936, Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner 43 (bring)a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. To protect the pandas, in 2021, Earthwatch Institute, a global nonprofit that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important 44 (science)research, launched a program calledt6On the Trail of Giant Panda” . This program, based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, allows volunteers to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity (圈养)，and help them45 (gradual)adapt to life in the wild.【答案】36. known37. to 38. has been driven39. development 40. living41. the42. when43. to bring44. scientificgradually【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。介绍了中国南方的大熊猫是如何成为可供人类饲养的动物的。 【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大熊猫或被称为熊猫是中国南方外乡动物。本句is是谓语动词， 两个动词之间没有连词，得知称作是非谓语动词，与熊猫是被动关系。用过去分词。故填 known 。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：大熊猫或被称为熊猫是中国南方外乡动物。native to,是固定短语，外乡 的，故填to。【38题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去几年，大熊猫被驱逐出低地，那是由于农业开展，森林破坏和 其他开展，熊猫曾经居住的地方。In the past many years,提示用现在完成时，the giant panda 和驱逐是被动关系。故填has been driveno【39题详解】考查名词。句意：在过去几年，大熊猫被驱逐出低地，那是由于农业开展，森林破坏和其他 开展，熊猫曾经居住的地方。other修饰名词。故填development。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：估计显示大约1590种动物住在野外。本句已经有谓语动词be,动 词之间没有连词，住在是非谓语动词，individuals和居住是表示主动关系。故填living。41题详解】考查冠词。句意：一些报道说明野外大熊猫数量在上涨。thenumberof表示数量。故填the。 【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：西方人第一次了解大熊猫是在1869年3月11日，当时法国传教士大 卫收到一个猎人的熊猫皮。先行词是1869年，在定语从句中做时间状语。故填when。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1936年，Ruth成为第一个给芝加哥动物园带回活的大熊猫。序数 词后面用不定式作定语。故填to bring。【44题详解】考查形容词。句意：为了保护大熊猫，一个全球非盈利组织带着志愿者来做重要的科学研究。形容词修饰名词。故填scientific 。【45题详解】考查副词。句意：帮助大熊猫逐渐适应野外生活。副词修饰动词。故填gradually。第四局部写作（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（总分值15分）45. 假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了 5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内 容包括：1 .参加人员：2 .跑步路线:从校门口到南山脚下：3 .活动反响注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右：2 .请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。A Cross-Country Running Race【答案 J A Cross-Country Running RaceLast Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.The students selected from every class took part in the competition. The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain. Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessarily help as well as encouragement. At last, all the runners managed to arrive the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.The activity was highly spoken of, because not only did it provide chance for us to exercise, but also made us more cohesive.【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生就上周日学校举行的5公里越野赛活动写一篇新闻 报道。【详解】体裁:应用文时态:根据提示，时态应以一般过去时为主结构:总分总 要求：1 .参加人员.跑步路线2 .活动反响第二步:列提纲（重点词组）attend/witness/ draw one's attention/ manage to do sth./ measure/ speak highly of? provide sth. for sb.第三步:连词成句Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.1. The students selected from every class took part in the competition.2. The route measured five kilometers, from our school gate to the foot of Nanshan Mountain.3. Every runner tried their best to finish the task, with their classmates along the way giving them necessary help as well as encouragement.4. At last, all the runners managed to arrive the finish line, receiving cheers from all the directions.5. The activity is highly spoken of, because not only does it provide chance for us to exercise, but also makes us more cohesive.第四步:连句成篇（参加衔接词或从句）表示并列的连词:and/but/or/so.状语从句连词:because/ if? though/ although.定语从句连词:which/ that/ when/ where.第五步:修改润色（参加高级词汇或短语）【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言标准，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些高分句型，例如:Last Sunday witnessed an extraordinary cross-country running race, which nearly drew the attention of every student and teacher of our school.中 which 引导非限制性定语从句；The activity is highly thought of, because not only does it provide chance for us to exercise, but also makes us more cohesive.中使用 了局剖M到装。第二节：读后续写（总分值25分）47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。'Tm going to miss you so much, Poppy, "said the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents, and smile