2022届江苏省如皋市高三上学期期初调研英语试题（解析版）听力.docx
2022届江苏省如皋市高三上学期期初调研英语试题第一局部听力（共20题每题分总分值30分）第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where are the speakers?A. At a concert.B. At a book club.C. At a restaurant.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M: Thank you for bringing me to this restaurant. I seldom get to go out anymore.W: You should come to our book club. The next book we will be reading is about a famous jazz musician.2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Why did the woman wait to give the present?A. She only just bought it.B. She forgot the man's birthday.C. She thought it's less meaningful to deliver.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W: Sorry I missed your birthday party! Here's your present. I think ifs more meaningful to give it to you in person.M: You are so sweet! Thank you so much.3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What does the woman wish to do?A. Continue the work tomorrow.B. Move onto something new.C. Hand in a report tonight.【答案】A【解析】原文 W: It's almost 9:00 p.m. 1 think we should call it a day and finish the report tomorrow.M: You go. I'm going to finish it, so we can begin something new in the morning.4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers probably?A. Police officers.B. Cleaners.C. Builders.support, asking scientific organizations to endorse （支持）the treaty, communicating the importance of protecting the arctic to the public and policy-makers, and above all, by convincing national leaders to sign the treaty. In particular, Arctic nations must agree that recognizing the arctic as an international preserve is better than fighting over it. In 2021, these countries successfully negotiated a 16-year moratorium on commercial fishing in the Arctic high seas, demonstrating that such agreements are possible.Humans have only ever lived in a world topped by ice. Can we now work together to protect Arctic ecosystems, keep the northern peace, and allow the sea ice to return?28. What can be inferred from the passage?A. wildlife relies on sea ice for food and water.B. The Arctic would be ice-free in 30 years.C. Sea ice slows down the global warming.D. The melting of sea ice releases CO2.29. The Antarctic is mentioned in the passage in order to.A. remind readers of the past of the Antarcticpropose a feasible approach for the ArcticB. stress the importance of preserving sea icerecall how the Antarctic Treaty came into being30. The word "moratorium” （in paragraph 4） is closest in meaning to.A.battleB.banC.memoD.protection31. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.Antarctic:a Successful Comeback?B.Sea Ice andGlobal WarmingC.Arctic: the Earth's FutureD.Life Without Ice?【答案】28. C 29. B 30. B 31. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了北极的海冰在不断减少，如果不加以保护，未来 将会出现根本无冰的现象，并指出了海冰的影响以及各国达成一致努力保护海冰。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中 “By reflecting sunlight, Arctic ice acts as Earth's air conditioner. S 过反射阳光，北极冰起到了地球空调的作用）可知，海冰减缓了全球变暖。应选C项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中 “To avoid the consequences the scientific community should advocate not just for lowering greenhouse gas emissions, but also for protecting the Arctic from exploitation. The Antarctic shows the way.（为了防止这种后果，科学界不仅应该提倡降低温室 气体排放，还应该提倡保护北极不被开发。南极就展示了这种方法）可知，文中提到南极 是为了展示一种保护北极可以效仿的方式。应选B项。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中 “In 2021, these countries successfully negotiated a 16-year moratorium on commercial fishing in the Arctic high seas, demonstrating that such agreements are possible. （2021年,这些国家通过谈判成功达成了在北极公海 商业捕鱼16年的协议,证明了此类协议是可能的）由谈判成功，可知这些国家达成了在北极公海停止商业捕鱼16 年的协议，moratorium意为“停止，禁止，与ban意思最为接近。应选B项。31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中 “But now the world comes ever closer to a future without ice. The National Snow and Ice Data Center reported that 202 Ts minimum arctic sea ice extent was the second lowest on record. Arctic summers could become mostly ice-free in 30 years, and possibly sooner if current trends continue. As the northern sea ice declines, the world must unite to preserve what remains of the Arctic.（但是现在世界越来越接近一个没有冰的未来。美国国家冰雪数据 中心报告称，2021年北极海冰的最小范围是有记录以来第二低的。北极夏季将在30年内根 本无冰，如果目前的趋势继续下去，时间可能会更早。随着北方海冰的减少，全世界必须团 结起来保护北极的剩余）和最后一段中“Can we now work together to protect Arctic ecosystems, keep the northern peace, and allow the sea ice to return?（我们现在能共同努力保护 北极生态系统，保持北极和平，让海冰恢复吗?）可知，本文主要讲述了北极的海冰在不断 减少，如果不加以保护，未来将会出现根本无冰的现象，并指出了海冰的影响以及各国达成 一致努力保护海冰，因此本文的最正确标题选项D “没有冰的生活？ 符合题意。应选D 项。DWhen it comes to being fit and healthy, we're often reminded to aim to walk 10,000 steps per day. This can annoy many, especially when we're busy with work and other commitmentsand yet where did this number actually come from?The 10,000 steps a day target seems to have come about from a trade name pedometer sold in 1965 by Yamasa Clock in Japan. The device was called "Manpo-kei”, which translates to n 10,000 steps meter'1. This was a marketing tool for the device and has seemed to have stuck across the world as the daily step target. It's even included in daily activity targets by popular smartwatches, such as Fitbit.Research has since investigated the 10,000 steps a day target. But while some research has shown health benefits at 10,000 steps, recent research from Harvard Medical School has shown that, on average, around 4.400 steps a day is enough to significantly lower the risk of death in women. This was when compared to only walking around 2,700 steps daily. The more steps people walked, the lower their risk of dying was, before leveling off at around 7,500 steps a day. No additional benefits were seen with more steps. Although it*s uncertain whether similar results would be seen in men, it's one example of how moving a little bit more daily can improve health and lower risk of death.Recent research at the University of Texas has also demonstrated that if you're walking fewer than 5000 steps a day, your body is less able to metabolize（新陈代谢）fat the following day. A buildup of fat in the body can also increase a person's likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. This is further supported by previous research which shows people who walked less than 4,000 steps a day could not change this decreased fat metabolism.If you want to increase how many steps you get daily, or simply want to move more, one easy way includes walking to work if possible, or taking part of an online exercise program if you're working from home. Meeting with friends for a walk - rather than in a cafe or pub - can also be useful.32. What does the author think of the 10,000 steps per day?A. It is an upsetting target to achieve.B. It is likely to go out of style quickly.C. It is a rising tendency of mental healthIt is effective in reducing pressure on work.33. What does research from the Harvard Medical School suggest about the target?A. Tt matters as much as 7500 steps a day.B. The more steps, the lower risk of death.C. A bit more than the target can improve health.D. About half that target appears to be beneficial.34. What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us?A. Absence of previous research.B. Recent findings of fat buildup.C. Problems of less daily walking.D. Possible causes of physical challenges.35. Which of the following is one of the suggested ways according to the passage?A. Working at home.B. Treating friends in a cafe or pub.C. Driving lo work.D. Signing up for online exercise programs.【答案】32. A 33. D 34. C 35. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了 10000步有关健康开展历史的由来，说明了保持 健康的不同人群每天应走的步数以及健康的重要性。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段 “When it comes to being fit and healthy, we're often reminded to aim to walk 10,000 steps per day. This can annoy many.（说到保持健康，我们经常被提醒每 天要走1万步。这可能会惹恼很多人）可知，作者认为每天一万步是一个令人苦恼的 目标。应选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“But while some research has shown health benefits at 10,000 steps, recent research from Harvard Medical School has shown that, on average, around 4.400 steps a day is enough to significantly lower the risk of death in women.虽然一些研究说明走 1 万步 对健康有益，但哈佛医学院最近的研究说明，平均每天约4400步就足以显著降低女性的死 亡风险）可知，每天走大约4400步，即一万步目标的一半似乎是有益的。应选D。【34题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第四段 “Recent research at the University of Texas has also demonstrated that if you're walking fewer than 5,000 steps a day, your body is less able to metabolize（新陈代谢） fat the following day.德克萨斯大学最近的研究也说明，如果你每天步行少于5000步，第二 天你的身体代谢脂肪的能力就会下降）可知，第四段主要告诉我们日常步行减少带来的问 题。应选C。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段 “If you want to increase how many st叩s you get daily, or simply want to move more, one easy way includes walking to work if possible, or taking part of an online exercise program if you're working from home .如果你想增力每天的步数，或者只是想多运动， 一个简单的方法是，如果可能的话步行去上班，或者如果你在家工作的话，参加一个在线锻 炼工程）可知，根据文章，报名参加在线锻炼工程是建议的方法之一。应选D。第二节（共5小题：每题分，总分值分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mold is unpleasant because of how it looks and smells. Some people have the habit of removing mold from food in order to consume the unaffected rest. 36Removing the moldy parts doesn't guarantee that the toxins（毒素）present in the product will be removed completely. Therefore, they can cause illness or food poisoning. Only hard and dry food scan be consumed once the moldy part has been removed. Therefore, you should completely throwaway soft and moist foods in this situation. 37 We can't afford to ignore the presence of molds on the surface and inside products. However it's okay to eat cured meat products, firm fruits, and vegetables.38 Many of these have to do with the consumption of raw foods that haven't undergone the appropriate processes. For example, eat some fruits without washing them thoroughly. Some chemicals are often added to them while they are being grown or processed. Besides, consuming raw or undercooked white fish, without prior freezing, also increases the risk of contamination6亏染）with anisakis. 39 Experts usually recommend unfreezing products in the refrigerator. This prevents temperatures that are favorable for bacterial growth.In addition, you must take care when handling raw foods and cooked foods to avoid cross-contamination. Cross-contamination can occur through indirect spread of microorganisms by equipment, food handlers, cook facilities or surfaces. 40 Microorganisms could pass from one to the other and certain microorganisms cause most types of food poisoning, After entering the body, these living things release poisons that make people sick.A. These problems exist everywhere.B. There are other dangerous situationsYou should never use the same tools.C. Food unfreezing processes are a critical point.D. Therefore, many think it can be a common problem.E. However, many are unaware this could lead to illness.F. You should never eat bread that have developed mold.【答案】36. F 37. G 38. B 39. D 40. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了导致霉菌的原因以及如何正确的防止霉菌传播导 致疾病。【36题详解】根据上文“Some people have the habit of removing mold from food in order to consume the unaffected rest.（有些人有从食物中去除霉菌的习惯，以食用未受影响的休息）和下文 "Removing the moldy parts doesn!t guarantee that the toxins present in the product will be removed completely. Therefore, they can cause illness or food poisoning.（去除发霉的局部并不能保证产 品中的毒素将被完全去除。因此，它们会引起疾病或食物中毒）可知，空处和上文形成转 折关系，说明去除霉菌也可能会导致疾病。F项：However, many are unaware this could lead to illness.（然而，许多人没有意识到这可能导致疾病）符合语境。应选F。【37题详解】根据上文“Only hard and dry food scan be consumed once the moldy part has been removed. Therefore, you should completely throwaway soft and moist foods in this situation.除去发霉的 局部后，只有硬质和枯燥的食物才能食用。因此，在这种情况下，你应该完全扔掉柔软和潮 湿的食物）可知，软的食物发霉后不能使用。G项：You should never eat bread that have developed mold.（你不应该吃已经发霉的面包）符合语境。应选G。【38题详解】空处为段落主题句。根据下文“Many of these have to do with the consumption of raw foods that haven't undergone the appropriate processes.（其中许多者K与未经过适当加工的生食品有关）” 可知，本段主要讲述一些其他的危险的情况。B项中“other dangerous situations”和下文的 “these”对应。B项：There are other dangerous situations还有其他危险的情况）符合语境。 应选B。【39题详解】根据下文“Experts usually recommend unfreezing products in the refrigerator. This prevents temperatures that are favorable for bacterial growth.（专家们通常会推荐冰箱里的解冻产品。这 就阻止了有利于细菌生长的温度）可知，空处主要说明要注意解冻的温度。D项：Food unfreezing processes are a critical point.食品解冻过程是一个临界点）符合语境。应选D。【40题详解】根据上文“Cross-contamination can occur through indirect spread of microorganisms by equipment, food handlers, cook facilities or surfaces.（交叉污染可通过设备、食品操作者、烹饪设施或外 表的微生物间接传播发生）可知，空处说明防止使用相同的工具处理食物。C项:You should never use the same tools.你不应该使用相同的工具）符合语境。应选C。第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值30分）第一节完形填空（共15小题：每题1分，总分值15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂Life can get tough, but it's important to keep fighting for the better. In particular, due to COVID-19, many more people are struggling with 41 challenges right now, whether that's illness, inability to move around 42 or a reduction in contact with friends and family. Let's explore some ways to keeping fighting and get through the difficult times.Change any expectations you have of yourself. It's okay to slow down and 43 the number of things you have on your plate. Actually, it's impossible to 44 at your full potential in a hard time. So understand and accept that you're going through a rough patch and allow yourself to 45 to this period in your life.Be kind to yourself. Whatever it is that you're going through, make it part of your 46 to do something every day that makes you happy. Don't focus on the big, unsustainable gestures like trips abroad 47 focus on the smaller pleasures in life, like having a cup of really good coffee or a hot bath.Reduce your exposure to things that 48 negative emotions. When you are mentally strong, you might be fine watching the news about 49 events because you know that life isn't always like this. But when you're mentally weak, you might 50 yourself that life is all doom and gloom. The 51 hasn't changed-your state of mind has.Finally, don*t be afraid to 52 for help. We all need a helping hand sometimes.Its 53 to be ashamed of. Online forums are a great way to find 54 because they focus on the problem at hand, and you'll always find people going through 55 issues. Youmay not get a solution to your troubles, but sometimes just being able to share your feelings is enough.41. A. worthyB.variousC.technologicalD.psychological42.42.A.physicallyB.merrilyC.instantlyD.freely43.A.increaseB.keepC.reduceD.show44.A.performB.pressC.profitD.plot45.A.adoreB.adjustC.applyD.appeal46.A.favorB.intensionC.occupationD.routine47.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.InsteadD.Furthermore48. A. produce49. A. produceB.defineC.switchD.weaken50. A. positiveB.negativeC.grandD.sporting51. A. convinceB.encourageC.inspireD.something54. A. ambitionB.evidenceC.preferenceD.support55. A. similarB.foreseeableC.dynamicD.tough【答案】41. B42. D43. C 44. A45. B46. D 47. C48. A49. B50. A 51. D52. B53. C 54. D55. Apersuade51.A.environmentB.gestureC.emotionD. news52.A.turn outB.reach outC.lay outD. wear out53.A
