2021-2022学年甘肃省白银市靖远四中高二(下)期中英语试卷(附答案详解).docx
202L2022学年甘肃省白银市靖远四中高二(下)期中英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)AXi'an enjoys a reputations as a"Living History Museum" due to its rich,diverse collection of historical and cultural treasures.Apart from the Terracotta Warriors,there are also some other attractions in the city.Here are some of them.Ancient City WallXi'an City Wall was built in the 14th century in the Ming Dynasty as a military defense system.Now it is one of the oldest and best preserved Chinese city walls.The wail is now a landmarkdividing the city into inner and outer areas.Giant Wild Goose Pagoda (塔)Situated in an ancient temple,the pagoda built with layers of bricks was built in the Tang Dynasty.lt is traditional Chinese architecture.One of the main functions of the pagoda was to store Buddhist scriptures (经文) and figurines brought to China from India by the famous monk and traveler Xuan Zang,who stayed here for 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures. Shaanxi History MuseumThe Shaanxi History Museum,built in 1991, is home to over 370, 000 precious relics unearthed in Shaanxi over the years.The museum consists of three main sections.Its collections range from bronze ware (器血) to pottery ware,gold and silver ware and mural paintings from the Tang Dynasty tombs.The Muslim QuarterOne of the highlights is its local snacks when you tour Xian.Thc best food destination is the Muslim Quartcr,which has a history of several hundred ycars.Consisting of a number of food streetsjhe area has become a famous attraction in the city fbr its rich and authentic Muslim cultural atmosphere.(1) In which place can you know more about Buddhism? A. Ancient City Wall.B. Giant Wild Goose Pagoda.C. Shaanxi History Museum.D. The Muslim Quarter.(2) What can you do when you visit the Muslim Quarter? (3)(4)(5) (9) 43. The year of 2014 was pretty tough for Stevens.Unfortunate (I) (event) happened to him one after another.He lost all his wealth and couldn't pay for his insurance,but there was even (2) (bad) news to come.He had skin cancer, (3) made him ready to give up. (4)(kicky) , he managed to find a job later and moved into a new home.It was then that Stevens seemed to turn a corner and realized his life was still worth (5) (fight) for.He wrote in his blog,"My wife had told me many times she wished she could visit New York one day.She also wished we had a place (6) (exercise) outside and watched our daughters playing." He decided to put his plan into (7) (act) -building a garden.To make a surprise for his wife,Stevens sent her off for a trip to New York City.Then,he went crazy building the garden.After ten days,all the work (8) (pay) off.lt made a big difference to Stevens's life.He wrote,"The kids love (9) (they) new space.And I feel strangely (10)(satisfy) to build this,which inspires me to keep going."(1)(2)(3)(4)(5) 五、短文改错(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)第10页,共25页44.文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词卜.画一横线,并在该词卜面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。The summer holiday is coming.My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday.We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.If we stay at home,it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money.But in that case,we will learn little about world.If we go on a trip abroad.we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.I thought that it is a good idea.lt does not cost many,yet we can still learn a lot.六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)假定你是李华,你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加,内容包 括:1 .时间;2 .活动安排;3 .欢迎他表演节目。注意:1 .词数100左右;2 .可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。答案和解析13.【答案】B、B、A【解析】(1) B.细节理解题。根据 Giant Wild Goose Pagoda 部分 One of (he main functions of the pagoda was to store Buddhist scriptures(经文)andfigurines brought to China from India by the famous monk and traveler Xuan Zang,who stayed here for 19 years translating Buddhist scriptures.(这是中国传统建筑。这座宝塔的主要功能之一是储存著名僧侣和旅行家玄奘从卬度带 到中国的佛经和雕像,玄奘在这里翻译佛经达19年之久。)可知,在Giant Wild Goose Pagoda (大雁塔)你可以对佛教了解得更多。故选B。(2) B.细节理解题。根据最后段 One of Ihe highlights is its local snacks when you lour Xian.(当你游览西安时,其中一个亮点就是当地小吃。)可知,在那你可以品尝各式各样美味的小吃。故选B。(3) A.推理判断题。根据 Shanxi History Museum 部分 Its collections range from bronze ware(器血)to pottery ware,gold and silver ware and mural paintings from theTang Dynasty tombs.(其收藏范围从青铜器到陶器、金银器和唐代墓葬壁画。)可知,陕西历史博物馆有黄金制成的展品。故选A。本文是篇广告布告类阅读,主要介绍了几个西安的旅游胜地。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项填写出正确答案。47.【答案】B、C、A、C解析(1) B.推理判断题。根据第二段的 All she asked was "Do you still want one of the kittens? There's one here with no eyes and no one would like to takehim." Without thinking,! told her that I did want the kitten.(她只问了一句“那窝小猫里你还想要一只吗? "这里有一只没有眼睛的,没有人愿意收 养它。"我想都没想就告诉她我想要这只猫。)可知,杰克之所以能来我们的家是因为 我不介意他是否失明。故选B。(4) C.细节理解题。根据第三段的 After about a day he had no running around andclimbing on everything. At times he gets lost in the house.he'll stop.But we just call him and talk第12页,共25页to him and i( isn't long before he finds his way back to us.(大约一天后,他到处跑,到处爬就不成问题了。有时他在房子里迷路了,他就会停下 来。但我们只是叫它的名字,和它说话,不久它就会找到我们身边。)可知,Jack很快 适应了新环境。故选C。(5) A.词句猜测题。根据第三段的When we first brought him homejack stayed mostly in my room.After about a day he had no running around and climbing on everylhing.Al times he gets lost in (he house,he'll stop. But we just call him and talk to him and it isn't long before he finds his way back to us.(我彳门 第一次把杰克带回家时,他大部分时间都待在我的房间里。大约过了一天,他就可以到 处跑,到处爬了。有时他在房子里迷路了,他就会停下来。但我们只是打电话给他,和 他谈谈,不久他就会找到我们的路。)可知,那只猫可以在屋里到处跑,也就是说它虽 然眼睛瞎了,但是在屋里跑是没有困难的,因此划线词issue在本文中指的是“困难,问 题",结合选项A.Trouble.困难;B.Fun.乐趣;C.Luck.运气;D.Business.商业。故选A。(6) C.推理判断题。通读全文尤其最后一段的"Jack is truly an inspiration.Fvc owned lots of kites in my life.but Jack is the happiest andmost playful.He doesn't feel sorry for himself.He doesn't need pity.(杰克真是一只鼓舞人心的猫。我养过很多小猫,但杰克是最快乐、 最好玩的。他并不为自己感到遗憾。他不需要同情。)”可知,Jack虽然没有眼睛,但 是却是最快乐的,不为自己难过,不需要怜悯。因此文章主要内容用"自助者,天助之” 来概括最合适。故选C。本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者收养的一只没有眼睛的猫的成长故事。阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题 一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能 多地捕获信息材料;其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材 料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善 于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析, 仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。811.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】(1 )D.推理判断题。根据第一段第一句 More (han four decades ago British scientist Robert Edwards first witnessed the miracle of human life growing inside a test tube (四十多 年前,英国科学家罗伯特爱德华兹第一次目睹了试管内生长的人类生命奇迹。)可知 他主要的成就是试管婴儿,故选D。(2) A.猜测词义题。根据第四段提到的 This disease has been a large percentage ofmankind including more than 10% of all couples worldwide.(这种疾病直困扰人类的大部分,包括世界上超过10%的夫妇。)可知afflicting意为“困扰”, 结合选项 A.Troubling 困扰:B.Developing 发展;C.Improving 提高:D.Confusing 使困惑。 故选A。(3) B.推理判断题。根据第四段中的 It was a scientific breakthrough that transformed the lives of millions of couples.They said."His achievements have made it possible to treat infertility disease which makes human unable to have a baby.(这是一项科学突破,改变了数百万人的生活夫妻。他们他说:“他的成就使治疗不孕 症成为可能,这种疾病使人类无法生育。)以及第六段内容Bulhisworkallracled widespread criticism from some scientists and the Catholic Church who said it was "immoral".Martin Johnson,professor of reproductive sciences at the University of Cambridge,said the award was "long overdue".He said,"We couldn't understand why the Nobel has come so late but he is delighted-lhis is the cherry on (he cake for him".(但他的研究引起了一些科学家和天主教会的广泛批评,他们说这是“不道德的"。剑桥 大学生殖科学教授马丁约翰逊(martinjohnson)表示,诺贝尔奖”早就应该颁发了“,他 说:“我们不明白诺贝尔奖为什么来得这么晚,但他很高兴这对他来说是蛋糕上的樱桃。 ")可知,有人说不道德,有人说有意义,因此人们对爱德华兹教授的发现发表了不同 的意见,故选B。(4) C.标题确定题。阅读全文内容可知,本文主要讲述的是诺贝尔奖获得者的主要贡 献是试管婴儿,以及别人对他的评价,有人说这是不道德的,有人说这是有意义的,由 此可知C项Nobel Prize for IVF Expert Edwards"试管受精专家爱德华兹获诺贝尔奖”最能概括文意,适合作为标题,故选C。本文主要讲述的是诺贝尔奖获得者的主要贡献是试管婴儿,以及别人对他的评价,有人 说这是不道德的,有人说这是有意义的。阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑 关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章 未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作 者观点。第14页,共25页1215.【答案】C、A、B、C解析(1) C.细节理解题。根据第二段中的 After high school.Jennifer attended a local technical college,working to pay her tuition (学费).(高中毕业后,Jennifer 去了 当地的 一个技术学院,靠打工来支付学费。)可知,Jennifer选在高中毕业后去了技校,她靠 自己上完技校。故选C。(2) A.推理判断题。根据第三段中的 because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home.She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.(因 为她可以在离家近的地方攻读四年的学位。她可以开车去上课,晚上回家帮忙照顾孩子。) 可知,她选择去圣约瑟夫医院的这个项目,是为了在晚上照顾她的孩子,故选A。(3) B.细节理解题。根据最后一段的 Jennifer sacrificed (牺牲)a lot to achieve her goakgiving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. (Jennifer 为 了实现自己的目标做出了牺牲,为了学习,她放弃了许多陪孩子的夜晚,错过了重要活 动。)可知,Jennifer为了实现目标,牺牲了她和家人在一起的时光,故选B。(4) C.推理判断题。本文描述了已经有三个孩子的母亲仍然继续上学学习,取得学位 的故事,告诉人们功夫没有白费的,与选项C"Hard work pays off”努力付出会有回报。) 符合,故选C。本文是一篇记叙文。本文描述了已经有三个孩子的母亲Jennifer仍然继续上学学习,取 得学位的故事,告诉人们只要努力就会有回报。阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题 一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能 多地捕获信息材料;其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材 料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善 于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要做认真分析, 仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。162().【答案】E、A、G、F、C解析(1) E.细节理解题o 根据上文 Letting things get to you is normal,and it's actually healthy to cry or express frustrations once in a while.It's when those negative moments control your life that your emotional balance is at risk.(让事情影响到你是正常的,偶尔哭一哭或 表达沮丧其实是健康的。只有当这些消极时刻控制了你的生活,你的情绪平衡才会受到威胁。)可知偶尔发泄一下负面情绪是健康的,D项中的a few minutes呼应上文的once in a while及本段小标题Don't think a lot about negativity.(不要想太多消极的事情),建 议利用很短的时间去悲伤,调整一下情绪,也呼应后文Howevendon( give that sadness another second in your day (然而,不要让悲伤在你的天中再多秒钟),花几分钟难 过并接受已发生的事情,之后就在不要想那些不好的事情了。所以E选项:Take a few minutes to feel sad and accept what happened.(花几分钟去感受悲伤,接受已经发生的事情。)符合语境,故选E项。(2) A.标题归纳题。该空作为小标题,应该是祈使句并概括下面一段主要内容,根据 后文 What you put into your body directly affects how you feel on the outside.Fill yourself with good,heallhy foods like fruits and vegetables and limit snacking.(你吃进身体的东西会 直接影响你对外界的感觉。多吃健康的食物,比如水果和蔬菜,少吃零食。)可知要吃 得健康,及后面Exercise is equally of great importance.(锻炼也同样重要。)要健身锻炼 以保持健康。A项:Eat healthy and stay fit.(健康饮食,保持身材),既提到饮食又涉 及健身。故选A项。(3) G.细节理解题。本题作为段末句子,应主要衔接上文。根据前文Take a few days out of your week for at least a half an hour of activity,and try to stick to a routine.(即使出去散步, 享受阳光也能改善你的心情。)可知,建议户外活动0G项:Even going outside for a walk and enjoying the sunshine improves your mood.(即使是出去散步和享受阳光也能改善你的心情,)呼应上文户外散步享受阳光也是有益尸保持积极 心态。故选G项。(4) F.细节理解题。该空位于段首,应启领下文并与小标题意义一致。后文Making someone's day a bit brighter not only puts a smile on his or her face,but also yours as well.Remember(o smile and (real each person with pity and respect.(让:别人的一天变得更 阳光,不仅会让他或她的脸上绽放笑容,也会让你的脸上绽放笑容。记得要微笑,以怜 悯和尊重的态度对待每一个人。)表示无私善待他人自己也会开心,F项:Good feelings come from acts of kindness and selflessness.(好的感觉来自于善良和无私的行为,)与下文意义一致,也呼应本段标题Be kind to others.(善待他人)。故选F 项。(5) C.细节理解题。根据后文 Instead,focuson living in the moment and doing what you can io make each moment beiier.(相反,而是要专注于活在当下,做你能做的每一刻。)建 议活在当下,可知不要去担心未来会发生的事,徒增烦恼。C项:Don't worry about what the future may bring.(不要担心未来会带来什么。)符合语境。故选C项。第16页,共25页 这是一篇说明文。文章主要向我们介绍了四个保持积极心态的方法。“七选五”这样的题型,主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑 意义的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是1.理清文章的逻辑和结构,2.在 所给的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符 合逻辑的选项,关键词则能帮助你确定更多的细节,排除相近的选项。得出正确的答案。21 4().【答案】A、B、D、C、B、C、D、A、B、A、C、D、C、D、C、A、B、A、D、B【解析】(1) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.examined检查:B.warned警告;C.interviewed 面试,采访;D.cured治愈。句意:那个月20日,韦尔奇医生检查了一个生病的男孩比 利,知道他得了白喉,种主要影响儿童的致命传染病。根据谓语动词的主语是Dr.Welch, 宾语是a sick boy,以及后面的动词knew可知,医生是在检查病童,并发现Billy患了一 种传染病。故选A。(2) B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.harmlcss无害的;B.helpless无助的;C.fcarlcss无畏 的;D.carcless粗心的。句意:如果这种病在镇上蔓延,诺姆的孩子们将会很无助。根 据下文"ifitstruckihelown”可知,如果疾病在小镇蔓延,这里的孩子们会很无助。故选 BoD.考查副词及语境理解。A.Moreover而且,此外;B.Therefore因此;C.Otherwise 否则;D.However然而。句意:然而,最近的医疗补给是在1000英里以外的安克雷奇。 根据上文Nome这个地方急需药品以及下文提到最近的可以取到药品的地方也在一千公 里之外可知,前后是转折关系。因此选D。(3) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.airport机场;B.staiion 车站;C.harbour港口; D.border 边境。句意:镇上的港0已经结冰了,所以水路是行不通了。根据下文 "soilcouldn'tcomebyship"H,这里指港口 结冰。故选 C。(4) )B.考查形容词及语境理解。A.narrow狭窄的;B.snowy被雪覆盖的;C.busy繁忙的: Ddny脏的。句意:汽车和马不能在雪地上行驶。根据第一段"The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow."可知,大雪覆盖了 道路, 汽车和马都不能通行。故选B。(5) C.考查介词及语境理解。A.From从,来自;B.On在上面;C.By通过,到之前; D.After在之后。句意:到I月26日,比利和另外三个孩子已经去世。By+时间,与 完成时连用。后跟过去的时间,用过去完成时;跟将来的时间,用将来完成时。故选C。(6) D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.tired劳累的;B.upset难过的;C.pale苍白的;D.sick 生病的。句意:还有20个病人。根据前文”from getting sick”可知,四个孩子相继去世, 还有20几个患病。故选D。(7) A.考查名词及语境理解。A.plan计划;B.excuse借口; C.message信息;D.topic话 题。句意:诺姆镇的官员想出了 ,个计划。根据卜文"They would have the medicine sent byfrom Anchorage to Nenana."可知,诺姆镇的官员想出了一个计划。故选A。(8) B.考查名词及语境理解。A.air空气;B.rail栏杆,铁轨;C.sea海洋;D.road道路。 句意:他们会用铁路把药从安克雷奇运到内纳那。根据下一段"from Anchorage to Nenana"可知,药物被用火车运到Nenana。故选(9) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.carry运送,携带;B.retum返回,归还;C.mail邮寄; D.give给。句意:那里,被称为龙狗拉雪橇的人”的多格斯勒司机将接力把它送到诺姆。 根据常识可以判断出,药品要由赶狗拉雪橇的人运送到诺姆。故选A。(11)C.考查连词及语境理解。A.Though虽然;B.Since因为,自从;C.When当什么时 候;D.If如果。句意:当Shannon把药递给下一个蘑菇的时候,他脸已经被冻得乌青。 当他把药物交给下一个人时,他的脸已经被冻得乌青,所以木句为when引导的时间状 语从句。故选C。(12) D.考查动词及语境理解。A.enier进入;B.move移动;C.visit拜访;D.cross穿过。 句意:1月31日,个叫塞帕拉的赶狗拉雪橇的人不得不穿过个叫诺顿桑德的冰冻区 域。根据卜文"Norton Sound was covered with ice,"可知,Norton Sound 是一片冰冻的水 域,S叩pala必须穿过这片水域。故选D。(13) C.考查形容词及语境理解。A.shameful惭愧的;B.boring令人厌烦的;C.dangerous 危险的;D.foolish愚蠢的。句意:这是行程中最危险的部分。根据下文"which could sometimes break up without warning."可知,这是行程中最危险的一段。故选 Co(14) D.考查动词及语境理解。A.escape逃脱;B.bleed流血;C.swim游泳;D.die死。 句意:他会死,诺姆镇生病孩子也会死。根据上文"If that happened,Seppala might fall into the icy water below"可知,一旦 Norton Sound 破裂 坍塌,Seppala可能会掉到冰水里死掉。故选D。(15) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.memory 回忆;B.exit 出口; C.way 路;D.dcstination 目的地。句意:有一次,一大堆雪挡住了他的去路。根据下文"Kaasen不得不离开雪橇 的痕迹、绕过阻挡他的大雪堆”可知,巨大的雪堆挡住Kaasen前进的路。故选C。(16) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.find找到:B.fix安装:C.pass通过;D.change改变。 句意:使Kaasen不可能再次找回雪橇的痕迹。根据上文Kaasen离开雪橇的痕迹可知,第18页,共25页 当时环境太糟糕。故选A。(17) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.pretending假装;B.trying努力;C.asking问,要求; D.learning学会。句意:Seppala的雪橇狗努力嗅着其它狗的味道。故选B。(18) A.考查动词及语境理解。A.run跑:B.leave离开;C.bite咬;D.play玩耍。句意: Seppala的雪橇狗找到了轨道,开始奔跑起来。故选A。(19) D.考查动词及语境理解。A.gathered聚集;B.stayed保持;C.camped露营,借住; D.arrived到达。句意:arrive in sp到达某地,这里指终于到达诺姆。故选D。(20) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.controllcd控制;B.saved拯救;C.founded建立; D.developed发展。句意:所有的孩子得到了救治,诺姆被拯救了下来。故选B。 本文讲述了人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1月份的阿拉斯加北部 极其寒冷,由于大雪,诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是,那里的孩子患上了一-种 致命的传染病一一白喉。为了拯救孩子们,人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终,人们通过 狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。完形填空考查学生综合运用语言的能力。做题时,要先通读全文,掌握大意,然后结合 选项,仔细阅读文章,选择最适合语境的词,注意上下文的呼应及语境。作出正确的选 择。41.【答案】【小题I ) why【小题 2 will be provided【小题3 the【小题4】definitely【小题 5 development【小题6 with【解析】(1) why.考查定语从句。句意:5G正在开发中,但我们大多数人都不确定它 是什么或我们需要它的原因。此处引导定语从句,先行词为reason,在从句中作原因状语, 故填why。(2) will be provided.考查动词时态及语态。句意:如果你问不同的人,你会得到不同 的答案。结合句意可知,此处在讲述将来发生的事情,故用一般将来时,主语you与 provide之间是被动关系。故填will be providedthe.考查冠词。句意:专家们认为,4G即将问世。on the way表示“在路上",符合A. Create some bronze wares.B. Eat diverse delicious snacks.C. Visit some watchtowers.D. Translate Buddhist scriptures.3. What do you know from the text? A. The Shaanxi History Museum has exhibits made of gold.B. Xuan Zang died in the Giant Wild Goose Pagoda.C. The Xi'an City Wall is the oldest Chinese c